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New York Bureau of Legal Advice Collected Records, 1917-1920 (inclusive)

Extent:
0.63 linear ft. (7.5 linear in.)
Abstract:
The New York Bureau of Legal First Aid was founded on May 11, 1917. In May 1918, the group changed its name to the New York Bureau of Legal Advice. The Bureau was the first organization to provide free legal service to men who resisted the new draft laws related to the entry of the United States into the First World War. In September 1918, the Bureau was raided by the FBI which temporarily disrupted its work. The Bureau closed in the fall of 1919, shortly before the Armistice.

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Romain Rolland Collected Papers, 1918-1944 (inclusive)

Extent:
0.08 linear ft. (1 linear in.)
Abstract:
Romain Rolland was a French pacifist intellectual who opposed World War I. He won the 1915 Nobel Prize for Literature. He helped introduce teachings of Gandhi to the West, opposed fascism, and supported the Popular Front.

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Bertram Pickard and Irene Pickard Collected Papers, 1918-1972 (inclusive)

Extent:
1.25 linear ft. (15 linear in.)
Abstract:
Bertram Pickard was an internationalist; peace leader; Quaker; official for Society of Friends and United Nations organizations, including the Friends Peace Committee of the London Yearly Meeting, the Friends' Service Council, the Friends Geneva Centre, and the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations; and founder of the Quaker Press Service, later called the World Outlook Press Service.

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Anna Melissa Graves Papers, 1919-1953 (inclusive)

Extent:
8.5 linear ft. (8.5 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Anna Melissa Graves was a writer, teacher, world traveler, and internationalist. From the 1920s to the 1940s Graves traveled through Africa, Central and South America, China, Europe, and the Middle East. She taught school in many of these places and maintained a voluminous correspondence with the teachers, acquaintances, and former students she met on her travels.

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Ronald E. Gundry Papers, 1919-1939 (bulk)

Extent:
0.42 linear ft. (5 linear in.)
Abstract:
Ronald E. Gundry was involved in a number of peace organizations, particularly related to the League of Nations, in the 1920s and 1930s in Great Britain.

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Mohandas K. Gandhi Collected Papers, 1919- (bulk)

Extent:
0.25 linear ft. (3 inches)
Abstract:
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born in 1869 in Porbandar in Gujarat, India. He trained as a barrister and worked in Durban, South Africa. Influenced primarily by Hinduism, but also by elements of Jainism and Christianity as well as writers including Tolstoy and Thoreau, Gandhi developed the satyagraha ('devotion to truth'), a new nonviolent way to redress wrongs. Gandhi returned to India and in 1919, he announced a new satyagraha which attracted millions of followers. By 1920, Gandhi was a dominant figure in Indian politics. He transformed the Indian National Congress, and his program of peaceful non-cooperation with the British included boycotts of British goods and institutions, leading to arrests of thousands. For the next 20 years he led nonviolent protests against British policies and colonial power in India. In 1945, the British government began negotiations which culminated in the Mountbatten Plan of June 1947, and the formation of the two new independent states of India and...(see more)

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André Trocmé and Magda Trocmé Papers, 1919- (inclusive)

Extent:
7.7 linear ft. (7.7 linear ft.)
Abstract:
André and Magda Trocmé are perhaps best known for their work in the small French town of Le Chambon-sur-Lignon where, during World War II, they inspired the villagers to help protect and sometimes to assist in the escape of Jews and other poltiical refugees. In 1938, André Trocmé, and his pacifist colleague Édouard Theis, founded L'Ecole Nouvelle Cévenol in Le Chambon, a Protestant, co-educational secondary school, with a curriculum of tolerance, honesty, and nonviolence. By 1942 the Germans had occupied the entire country. However, the population of Le Chambon and the Plateau Vivarais-Lignon region continued to aid an increasing number of refugees. In 1943, André Trocmé, Édouard Theis, and the head of the public school, Roger Darcissac were interned in a camp by the Vichy police and later went into hiding. In the late 1940s André and Magda Trocmé traveled as European Secretaries for the International Fellowship of Reconciliation (IFOR).

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A.J. Muste Papers, 1920-1967 (inclusive)

Extent:
26 linear ft. (64 boxes)
Abstract:
A.J. Muste (1885-1967), was ordained a minister in the Dutch Reformed Church, but later (1917), he became a member of the Society of Friends. During World War I, Muste's refusal to abandon his pacifist position led to his forced resignation from the Central Congregational Church in Newtonville, Massachusetts. Muste's involvement as a labor organizer began in 1919 when he led strikes in the textile mills of Lawrence, Massachusetts. He became the director of the Brookwood Labor College in Katonah, New York, remaining there until 1931. He then served as national chairman of the Fellowship of Reconciliation (FOR) from 1926 to 1929. Muste was director of the Presbyterian Labor Temple from 1937-1940. In 1940 he became executive director of the FOR, a position he held until his retirement in 1953, when he was made director emeritus. From 1948-1953, he served as secretary of the Ohio Peacemakers, a radical pacifist group. He was also a member of the Executive Committee of the War Resisters...(see more)

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J. Stuart Innerst Papers, 1920-1975 (inclusive)

Extent:
6.25 linear ft. (6.25 linear ft.)
Abstract:
J. Stuart Innerst was a United Brethren in Christ missionary to China in the 1920s. Innerst and his wife Marion Reachard Innerst left China in 1927 with great concerns about the influence of western imperialism in that country. J. Stuart Innerst served as pastor of several churches and joined the Society of Friends in 1943. In addition to his pastoral work, Innerst also served as the Director of the Quaker Friends in Washington Program (1960-1961, lobbied members of Congress regarding China, disarmament and peace, and other issues. His other involvements included participation in various Friends boards and committees, such as the Executive Committee of the Friends Committee on Legislation, the La Jolla Meeting Peace Committee, and the Friend in the Orient Committee of the Pacific Yearly Meeting. Innerst wrote Bible study helps and devotionals, articles and leaflets, and edited the Understanding China Newsletter, published by the American Friends Service Committee. He co-authored the...(see more)

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Marion Bromley and Ernest Bromley Papers, 1920-1997 (inclusive)

Extent:
20.4 linear ft. (20.4 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Marion Coddington Bromley and Ernest Bromley were active members of the Society of Friends, absolute pacifists, war tax resisters, and worked for racial integration in the United States. They are best remembered as founders of the Peacemakers, and as war tax resisters.

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Papers of Kirby Page from the Honnold Library (Claremont College, California), ca. 1920-1957 (bulk)

Extent:
1 reels (1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm.)
Abstract:
Includes documents about Kirby Page, Reinhold Niebuhr, Sherwood Eddy, the Fellowship for a Christian Social Order, the Fellowship of Reconciliation, the Christian Way, Keep America Out of War, the Emergency Peace Campaign, conscientious objection, the World Court, socialism, and pacifism.

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Duncan Bassett Murphy, Jr. Papers, 1920-2012 (inclusive)

Extent:
14.25 linear ft. (36 boxes)
Abstract:
Duncan Murphy Jr. was greatly concerned for Native American rights, and was an activist against the U.S. war in Central America and the U.S. build-up of a nuclear weapons arsenal.

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Nancy J. Babb Collected Papers, 1921-1949 (bulk)

Extent:
0.21 linear ft. (1 box)
Abstract:
Nancy Babb (1884-1948) was a member of the Society of Friends who served as a field representative for the Red Cross and then as a relief worker in Russia from 1917 to the mid 1920s. On her return to the United States in 1928 Babb lectured about her work in Russia. Babb also volunteered for a number of various women's organizations, including the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom. Babb established the National Circulating Library of Student's Peace Posters, an organization that sponsored annual contests for children and young adults to create posters against war and on peace topics. The NCLSPP offered prizes and art school scholarships to winning posters.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Women's Peace Union: U.S. Branch Records, 1921-1940 (inclusive)

Extent:
11.25 linear ft. (11.25 linear ft.)
Abstract:
The Women's Peace Union was founded in August 1921 to encourage the formation of a peace group to encompass all the women of the western hemisphere, to work for complete disarmament and the abolition of all constitutional and legal sanctions for war. Records in the Swarthmore College Peace Collection are those of the United States branch.

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Philadelphia Peace Council Collected Records, 1924-1931 (inclusive)

Extent:
1 linear ft. (ca. 2 in.)
Abstract:
Includes scattered minutes (1924-1932), scattered correspondence (1924-1928), form letters, statements, membership lists, bulletins (1925-1928) and materials relating to several conferences on the teaching of history, and other records, of the first Philadelphia Peace Council (1922-ca. 1932), earlier known as Philadelphia Council for World Peace. Correspondents include J. Howard Branson, Sophia H. Dulles, Harold Evans, Agnes M. Irwin, Frederick J. Libby, Allen S. Olmsted, and Richard R. Wood.

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Institute of Politics (Williamstown) Collected Records, 1922-1931 (bulk)

Extent:
0.83 linear ft. (10 linear inches.)
Abstract:
Collection consists of printed materials: Reports of the Round Tables nos. 6-10 (1926-1930) and information related to them and the Institute in general: correspondence, pamphlets, publicity materials and newspaper clippings.

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No More War Movement Collected Records, 1922-1936 (bulk)

Extent:
0.42 linear ft. (5 linear in.)
Abstract:
Collection includes printed correspondence, pamphlets, leaflets, and the periodicals New World and No More War; constitution and membership information; one photographic plate, lapel button, post card, and paper banner.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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War Resisters' International Records, 1923-1976 (inclusive)

Extent:
3.25 linear ft. (3.25 linear ft.)
Abstract:
The War Resisters' International was founded at Bilthoven, Netherlands, in 1921 by representative pacifists from that country, Germany, Austria and Great Britain. The War Resisters' International was never more than a coordinating body in its relationship to affiliated groups.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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War Resisters League Records, 1923-2013 (inclusive)

Extent:
35.4 linear ft. (series a = 37 boxes and 15.22 linear feet; series b = 49 boxes and 20.22 linear feet)
Abstract:
The War Resisters League is a pacifist organization whose members are against all war. Witnessing the establishment of the War Resisters' International in Europe in 1921, and sensing a need for a similar organization in the United States, Dr. Jessie Wallace Hughan established the War Resisters League as an independent organization. The War Resisters League membership pledge, which has remained essentially unchanged since its inception, reads: "The War Resisters League affirms that war is a crime against humanity. We therefore are determined not to support any kind of war, international or civil, and to strive non-violently for the removal of all causes of war." The League seeks to end war and social injustice through pacifist and nonviolent tactics.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Committee on Militarism in Education Records, 1925-1940 (inclusive)

Extent:
48.25 linear ft. (48.25 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Includes minutes of the executive committee, annual reports, correspondence (1925-1940), financial records, form letters, articles and manuscripts, pamphlets, CME periodicals and other publications, photographs, and newspaper clippings. Subject files provide state-by-state coverage of the U.S. Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC), Citizens Military Training Corps (CMTC) and Civilian Conservation Corps, and congressional anti-conscription campaigns. Correspondents include Devere Allen, Eunice B. Armstrong, Henry A. Atkinson, Roger N. Baldwin, Charles F. Boss, Jr., Ellen Starr Brinton, Dorothy Dunbar Bromley, Carrie Chapman Catt, George A. Coe, Dorothy Detzer, Rose Dabney Forbes, Edwin C. Johnson, William Heard Kirkpatrick, Winthrop D. Lane, Frederick J. Libby, Alfred D. Moore, Laura Puffer Morgan, Ray Newton, Mildred Scott Olmsted, Kirby Page, Florence M. Pharo, Jeannette Rankin, Norman Thomas, Wellington H. Tinker, Walter W. Van Kirk, Oswald Garrison Villard, Kenneth E. Walser, E....(see more)

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Reginald Reynolds Collected Papers, 1925-1955 (inclusive)

Extent:
.28 linear ft. (1 box)
Abstract:
A British Quaker, author, journalist, field secretary for the Friends Service Committee, associate of Mohandas K. Gandhi, and conscientious objector during World War II.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Laura Puffer Morgan Collected Papers, 1926-1962 (inclusive)

Extent:
0.25 linear ft. (3 linear in.)
Abstract:
Laura Puffer Morgan, throughout her lifetime, worked for organizations and movements that promoted peace, disarmament, world order and international understanding. She was an important analyst and writer on these issues for many periodicals.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Muriel Lester Collected Papers, 1926-1968 (inclusive)

Extent:
0.42 linear ft. (5 linear in.)
Abstract:
Muriel Lester and her sister Doris created Kingsley Hall, in 1914 as a community center for the area residents. For 20 years, Muriel made Kingsley Hall the center of her work. In 1934 she became Ambassador-At-Large and later Traveling Secretary for the International Fellowship of Reconciliation [IFOR].

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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