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Start Over Subject Peace Movements -- United States -- History -- Sources Year 1950 to 1999

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Devere Allen Papers, 1809-1978 (inclusive) 1910-1955 (bulk)

Extent:
138 linear ft. (138 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Author, editor, journalist and lecturer; advocate of internationalist pacifism; influential member of the Socialist Party in the 1930s; genealogist; recorder of Rhode Island history and lore; named Harold Devere Allen.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Elihu Burritt Papers, 1840-1965 (inclusive) 1841-1878 (bulk)

Extent:
1 linear ft. (1 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Elihu Burritt was born on December 10, 1810, in New Britain, Connecticut, into a working class family. He attended school briefly, but was largely self-educated. Burritt became a blacksmith to support himself, but he continued to study languages at night. Word of his erudition spread; he became known as the "Learned Blacksmith", and was offered opportunities to speak in public. While writing a lecture on "The Anatomy of the Earth", he was so impressed by the interdependency of its parts that he ended with a plea for international peace. This became his lifelong passion. He became acquainted with other social reformers and began his career as a prophet for peace.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Belva Ann Lockwood Papers, 1878-1917, 1984, 1986, 1992 (inclusive)

Extent:
0.5 linear ft. (.5 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Belva Ann McNall Lockwood (1830-1917), was the first woman attorney to practice before the Supreme Court. She personally lobbied members of Congress to pass a special act admitting women to the bar of the Court, and first practiced before the Court in 1879. Lockwood ran for the U.S. presidency in 1884 and 1888, being the first woman to have a complete, national campaign for that office. From the 1870s onward Lockwood was active with the radical peace group, the Universal Peace Union, representing the organization at several international peace congresses.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Mildred Scott Olmsted Papers, 1881-1990 (inclusive) 1907-1990 (bulk)

Extent:
14 linear ft. (28 boxes)
Abstract:
Mildred Scott Olmsted, peace activist and suffragist, was born in Glenolden, Pennsylvania, in 1890. In 1922, Olmsted became Executive Secretary of the Pennsylvania Branch of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF). From 1934 onward she assumed national positions with the organization. In 1946, Olmsted became National Administrative Secretary and held that position (until her retirement in 1966. She remained active as Executive Director Emerita of WILPF and also served on its International Executive Committee from 1937 until 1953. Mildred Scott married Allen S. Olmsted, II, in 1921 and the couple had one child and adopted two more. Mildred Scott Olmsted died in 1990 at the age of 99.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Ellen Starr Brinton Papers, 1895-1980 (inclusive) 1933-1954 (bulk)

Extent:
1.45 linear ft. (1,45 linear feet)
Abstract:
Ellen Starr Brinton (1886-1954), Quaker, feminist and internationalist, served as the first curator of the Jane Addams Peace Collection (later the Swarthmore College Peace Collection) from 1935 until her retirement in 1951.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Katherine Devereux Blake Collected Papers, 1911-1950 (inclusive)

Extent:
0.42 linear ft. (1 box)
Abstract:
Katherine Devereux Blake was a suffragist and peace activist through the first half of the twentieth century. She was a member of the Ford Peace Expedition in 1915-1916, served on the national board of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom and its international executive board, and was the chief speaker for the Disarmament Caravan, which toured 9,000 miles in 1931.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Dorothy Detzer Papers, 1913-1981 (inclusive)

Extent:
3 linear ft. (3 linear feet.)
Abstract:
Dorothy Detzer was a peace activist, writer, and lobbyist. She served as the National Executive Secretary of the U.S. Section of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, 1924-1946.. Detzer influenced a Congressional investigation of the munitions industry, 1934-1936, and later wrote the book Appointment on the Hill, 1948, describing her two decades in Washington, D.C.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, 1915- (inclusive)

Extent:
392 linear ft.
Abstract:
Includes minutes, resolutions and general historical records; anniversary celebrations, committee minutes, literature and releases; office files from the legislative office, the finance and the executive director; includes miscellaneous records from branches, including New Jersey, New York and Pennsylvania, among others; a large correspondence file includes general office correspondence as well as that of the National Organizational Secretary, the Washington Legislative Secretary, and others; also contains approximately 2150 photographs and/or negatives, periodicals, posters, banners, scrapbooks, postcards, graphics, audiovisual material, campaign buttons, lapel ribbons and pins, bumperstickers and other stickers, and other memorabilia.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Edward W. Evans Quaker Concerns Papers, 1920, 1938-1951 (inclusive)

Extent:
7 linear ft. (14 boxes and 1 volume)
Abstract:
Edward W. Evans (1882-1976) was a Quaker leader and lawyer active in the educational and peace concerns of the Society of Friends. The collection primarily contains papers compiled by Edward W. Evans during his time as Secretary of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting (Orthodox), from 1938-1946. Of particular interest are the materials concerning Civilian Public Service. The collection is significant in its documentation of pacifist attitudes and the ways in which the Society of Friends was active during the Second World War.

Held at: Friends Historical Library of Swarthmore College [Contact Us]

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A.J. Muste Papers, 1920-1967 (inclusive)

Extent:
26 linear ft. (64 boxes)
Abstract:
A.J. Muste (1885-1967), was ordained a minister in the Dutch Reformed Church, but later (1917), he became a member of the Society of Friends. During World War I, Muste's refusal to abandon his pacifist position led to his forced resignation from the Central Congregational Church in Newtonville, Massachusetts. Muste's involvement as a labor organizer began in 1919 when he led strikes in the textile mills of Lawrence, Massachusetts. He became the director of the Brookwood Labor College in Katonah, New York, remaining there until 1931. He then served as national chairman of the Fellowship of Reconciliation (FOR) from 1926 to 1929. Muste was director of the Presbyterian Labor Temple from 1937-1940. In 1940 he became executive director of the FOR, a position he held until his retirement in 1953, when he was made director emeritus. From 1948-1953, he served as secretary of the Ohio Peacemakers, a radical pacifist group. He was also a member of the Executive Committee of the War Resisters...(see more)

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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War Resisters League Records, 1923-2013 (inclusive)

Extent:
35.4 linear ft. (series a = 37 boxes and 15.22 linear feet; series b = 49 boxes and 20.22 linear feet)
Abstract:
The War Resisters League is a pacifist organization whose members are against all war. Witnessing the establishment of the War Resisters' International in Europe in 1921, and sensing a need for a similar organization in the United States, Dr. Jessie Wallace Hughan established the War Resisters League as an independent organization. The War Resisters League membership pledge, which has remained essentially unchanged since its inception, reads: "The War Resisters League affirms that war is a crime against humanity. We therefore are determined not to support any kind of war, international or civil, and to strive non-violently for the removal of all causes of war." The League seeks to end war and social injustice through pacifist and nonviolent tactics.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Edward P. Gottlieb Papers, 1929-2000 (inclusive)

Extent:
10.83 linear ft. (10.83 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Edward Gottlieb was an educator, civil rights activist, peace activist, and poet. He was the chairman of the War Resisters in the 1960s.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Homer A. Jack Papers, 1930-1995 (inclusive)

Extent:
85 linear ft. (85 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Homer A. Jack (1916-1993) was a Unitarian Universalist clergyman and denominational official who sought to apply religious values to national and international affairs. Jack was executive secretary of the Chicago Council Against Racial and Religious Discrimination (1943-1948), executive director of SANE (1960-1964), and secretary general of the World Conference on Religion and Peace (1970-1983). He had been minister of churches in Lawrence, Kansas (1942-1943), Evanston, Illinois (1948-1959), and Winnetka, Illinois (1984-1987) and served as director of the Division of Social Responsibility of the Unitarian Universalist Association (1964-1970). Jack also chaired the NGO Committee on Disarmament (at UN Headquarters) from 1973-1984. Homer Jack "retired" to Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, in Januaryuary 1987. He published a history of the World Conference on Religion and Peace in 1993, and continued to be active in various peace and human rights organizations, speaking and traveling...(see more)

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Consultative Peace Council Collected Records, 1930-1969 (bulk)

Extent:
0.83 linear ft. (10 linear in.)
Abstract:
Includes correspondence, reports, financial records, administrative files, minutes of meetings, publicity materials, brochures, newspaper clippings. Correspondents include: Devere Allen, Dorothy Detzer, Alfred Hassler, Jessie Wallace Hughan, Abe Kaufman, Frederick J. Libby, A.J. Muste, Ray Newton, Mildred Scott Olmsted, John Swomley, E. Raymond Wilson, and M.R. Zigler.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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National Peace Conference (U.S.) Records, 1933-1951 (inclusive)

Extent:
6.25 linear ft. (17 boxes)
Abstract:
The National Peace Conference was formed in 1933 to unify and coordinate the efforts of various organizations interested in world justice and peace. The organization was active until 1951.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Peoples Mandate Committee Records, 1935-1975 (inclusive) 1935-1956 (bulk)

Extent:
17.5 linear ft. (17.5 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Peoples Mandate to Governments to End War was an international campaign begun on September 6, 1935, by the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom to express such overwhelming opposition to war that governments would not dare resort to it as a means of solving disputes between nations. By the end of the decade the Peoples Mandate became an independent organization, headed by Mabel Vernon, and focused on peace and connections between women and women's organizations in the Americas.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Lynne Shivers Papers, 1941-2015 (bulk)

Extent:
8 linear ft. (8 linear feet.)
Abstract:
Enid Lynne Shivers was a peace activist and prominent member of Movement for a New Society, for which she organized and wrote informational materials. This collection of her personal materials is primarily composed of journals dating from the 1960s until 2014 and materials from time she spent doing peace work in Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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David McReynolds Papers, 1943- (inclusive)

Extent:
30.5 linear ft. (30.5 linear ft.)
Abstract:
David McReynolds (1929-2018), was an activist with the War Resisters League, the Socialist Party USA and the Democratic Socialists of America. He was an editor of Liberation magazine in the 1950s and a leader of the WRL from the 1950s until his retirement in 1999. McReynolds ran for Congress twice and for President of the U.S. twice, including a run in 2000. McReynolds has attempted to integrate anti-war and pacifist philosophy with Socialist economics. David McReynolds was openly gay and had written about this topic as well.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Édouard Theis Collected Papers, 1947-1965 (bulk)

Extent:
0.21 linear ft. (2.5 linear in.)
Abstract:
Édouard Theis was a missionary and teacher in Madagascar and the Cameroons, before joining the theology faculty at the University of Paris. As a pacifist and conscientious objector to war Theis resisted Nazi violence and racism during World War II. Along with André and Magda Trocmé, Theis and his wife, Mildred, co-founded the Collège Cévenol in 1938. Theis taught French, German, and Greek, and his wife taught there as well. Theis also served as the college's first [second?] director until his retirement in 1963.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Promoting Enduring Peace Records, 1949- (inclusive)

Extent:
49 linear ft. (49 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Promoting Enduring Peace was founded in 1952, with headquarters in Woodmont, Connecticut. Principles of the organization included: peace with freedom and justice for all, support for the United Nations, and belief in religion as the fundamental force for righteousness. Today PEP's mission is to conduct peace education promoting the advent of a harmonious planetary commonwealth through the convergence of the worldwide movements for disarmament, social justice, and environmental stewardship as the foundation of sustainable peace; through education and citizen diplomacy. The PEP established the Gandhi Peace Award.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Ann Morrissett Davidon and William C. Davidon Papers, 1949- (inclusive)

Extent:
9 linear ft. (9 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Ann Morrissett Davidon (1925-2004), was a writer, editor, educator, pacifist and peace activist through her entire life. William Cooper Davidon(1927- 2013), was a professor of physics at Haverford College and (retired 1994), pacifist, peace activist. The two were married in 1963 and both continued to be very active in peace, pacifist, anti-Vietnam War, and social justice organizations. They advocated and practiced war-tax resistance. In 1971, William Davidon was named an "unindicted co-conspirator" in a plot to kidnap Henry Kissenger. Ann Davidon remained active in peace issues for her entire life.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Marjorie Swann and Robert Swann Papers, 1949-1972 (bulk)

Extent:
2.5 linear ft. (30 linear inches.)
Abstract:
The Swanns were Quaker peace activitists who were particularly well known for their part in nonviolent direct action against nuclear weapons testing and deployment in the 1950s-1960s.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Edward F. Snyder Papers, 1950- (bulk)

Extent:
3 linear ft. (3 linear feet.)
Abstract:
Edward Furnas Snyder is a Quaker lobbyist for peace, civil rights, and economic justice. He joined staff of Friends Committee on National Legislation in 1955 and retired in 1990 as Executive Secretary of the FCNL Snyder argued against legislation for a U.S. military draft and excessive military spending; worked for cultural and scientific exchanges between Soviet and U.S. citizens to lessen tensions of the Cold War. Edward and Dorothy Snyder have long been tax resisters arguing that the government was using taxpayers' money illegally to fund war in Vietnam, El Salvador, and Nicaragua.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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John Beer Collected Papers, 1954-1985 (bulk)

Extent:
2.08 linear ft. (25 linear in.)
Abstract:
John Beer was a professor of the history of science and chemistry, as well as a Quaker peace and antinuclear activist.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Bradford Lyttle Papers, 1954- (inclusive)

Extent:
49.75 linear ft. (49.75 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Bradford [Brad] Lyttle is a long time leading peace activist involved in the promotion of nonviolence for social change and the elimination of war and nuclear weapons. Lyttle was the organizer of the San Francisco to Moscow walk in the 1960-1961, to highlight the message of disarmament and nonviolent resistance and bringing together U.S. and Soviet citizens together during the height of the Cold War. He went on to organize and participate in other marches and protests, including the Quebec - Washington - Guantanamo Walk for Peace, during which he and twenty other marchers were jailed by police in Albany, Georgia. During the Vietnam war Lyttle coordinated many organizations and demonstrations against the war. In 1983 he founded the United States Pacifist Party and ran for president in the 1984 elections. Lyttle continues to work for peace around the world. He has been a war tax resister, worked with peace projects and refugees in Bosnia and Croatia, and has been arrested many...(see more)

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Lawrence Scott Papers, 1955-1965 (inclusive)

Extent:
7.5 linear ft. (7.5 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Lawrence Scott was a construction engineer, Baptist clergyman, and Quaker activist. He worked as an activist against the testing of nuclear weapons and biological weapons research. He was the supervisor for the Friends Mississippi Project, project director of the Appeal and Vigil at Fort Detrick in Maryland, executive secretary of the Peace Action Center and a founder of A Quaker Action Group.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Kay Camp Papers, 1955-2006 (inclusive)

Extent:
17.5 linear ft. (17.5 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Katherine Lindsley Camp was born in 1918 [1919?], Mt. Kisco New York. She was a graduate of Swarthmore College (Class of 1940). Camp was elected president of the U.S. Section of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom in 1967, and served as international president, 1974-1980. In addition Camp was founder of the Citizens Bi-Racial Study Group; former president of the Pennsylvania Women's Political Caucus; made unsuccessful bid for Congress in 1972 on the Democratic ticket in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania; member of the Society of Friends. Her papers include biographical information, personal correspondence, and involvement with numerous peace groups, as well as political activities.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Robin Harper Collected Papers, 1957-1967 (bulk)

Extent:
0.42 linear ft. (5 linear in.)
Abstract:
Robin Harper is active in the peace movement. During the 1950s and 1960s he protested nuclear weapons and missile defense systems. The papers in this collection reflect that involvement.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Committee for Nonviolent Action Records, 1958-1968 (inclusive)

Extent:
18.75 linear ft. (18.75 linear ft.)
Abstract:
CNVA was one of the first American peace groups to focus on nonviolentdirect action including civil disobedience. Its purpose of organizing imaginative and dramatic protest demonstrations on both land and sea attracted radical pacifists and called the attention of the American public to the atrocities of nuclear warfare. CNVA's first protest action was a vigil held outside the atomic weapons test grounds in Las Vegas, Nevada, in 1957. In the second half of its existence CNVA efforts began to focus on Vietnam. The organization allied its resources with other American peace groups. As other American peace groups adopted CNVA's methods of dramatic and nonviolent demonstrations, its own numbers and support waned. In the fall of 1967, CNVA voted to merge with the War Resisters League, which became reality in January 1968.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Student Peace Union Records, 1959-1967 (inclusive)

Extent:
5 linear ft. (5 linear feet.)
Abstract:
The Student Peace Union was founded at the University of Chicago in 1959. It was an intercollegiate student group whose members believed that neither war nor the threat of war could any longer be successfully used to settle international disputes.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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C. Douglas Hostetter Papers, 1959- (bulk)

Extent:
12.7 linear ft. (12.7 linear feet.)
Abstract:
C. Douglas Hostetter (1944 - ), has been an peace activist since the 1960s. He was a conscientious objector during the Vietnam war and performed alternative service for the Mennonite Central Committee in rural Vietnam.Following his work in Vietnam Hostetter worked for the United Methodist Church at the United Nations on international affairs. From the mid 1980s through the end of the decade Hostetter served as the executive secretary of the American Friends Service Committee in their New England regional office. He served as the Executive Secretary of the Fellowship of Reconcilation from 1987-1993. During the 1990s Hostetter was the international/interfaith secretary of the FOR and directed the Bosnian Student Project for the organization. In 2003 he was ordained as Peace Pastor at the Evanston, Illinois Mennonite Church. Since 2006 Hostetter has been the director of the Mennonite Central Committee at the United Nations. Throughout his life Hostetter has been heavily involved in...(see more)

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Washington Peace Center Records, 1960-2013 (bulk)

Extent:
8.75 linear ft. (8.75 linear feet.)
Abstract:
The Washington Peace Center was formed in 1963 upon the dissolution of the Peace Action Center of Washington, D.C. The organization seeks to educate the public on peace issues through youth programs, conscientious objector/draft counseling, film screenings, speakers, workshops on peace topics, discussions, and the publication of a newsletter. Its mission statement as of 2013 includes : "The Washington Peace Center is an anti-racist, grassroots, multi-issue organization working for peace, justice, and nonviolent social change in the metropolitan Washington DC area."

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Robert Wallace Gilmore Papers, 1960-1982 (bulk)

Extent:
11.25 linear ft. (11.25 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Robert W. Gilmore was a Quaker pacifist who was involved in a number of peace groups, either as a staffperson or as a Board member. His papers reflect these involvements through correspondence and other materials.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Committee for a Quaker Peace Witness Collected Records, 1960-1961 (bulk)

Extent:
1.25 linear ft. (15 linear in.)
Abstract:
Committee for a Quaker Peace Witness; organized the November 1960 Washington Pilgrimage and two-day vigil at the Pentagon; chaired by Henry J. Cadbury; also called the Quaker Peace Witness Committee; work was continued by the Friends Witness for World Order

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Women Strike for Peace Records, 1961-1996 (inclusive)

Extent:
45 linear ft. (45 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Women Strike for Peace came into existence on November 1, 1961, as a protest against atmospheric nuclear tests by the U.S. and the Soviet Union. By the late 1980s the national WSP office in Philadelphia closed, but the WSP legislative office and various WSP branches around the U.S. remained active through the 1990s.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Turn Toward Peace Collected Records, 1961-1970 (inclusive)

Extent:
2.7 linear ft. (2.7 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Turn Toward Peace was founded in 1961 as a cooperative national effort of about 60 peace and liberal internationalist organizations; Norman Thomas was Chairman of TTP, and Robert Gilmore was the Executive Director. There eventually were offices in several large cities and 38 national organizations were affiliated with the organization. But by 1963, serious discord divided TTP and several years later a group split off to became the World Without War Council; some regional offices retained the name of "Turn Toward Peace."

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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World Without War Council-Midwest Records, 1961-2005 (bulk)

Extent:
26.25 linear ft. (26.25 linear feet.)
Abstract:
The World Without War Council-Midwest developed about 1970. It was affiliated with the World With War Council national office, but functioned independently in terms of programming and operations. The WWWC-Midwest worked with leaders of NGOs, business, labor, religious bodies, professional organizations, and education, for the nonviolent resolution of international conflict and constructive global change.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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