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Start Over Subject Pacifists -- United States -- History -- Sources Year 1955 to 1959

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Hannah Clothier Hull Papers, 1889-1958 (inclusive)

Extent:
3 linear ft. (3 linear feet.)
Abstract:
Hannah Clothier Hull (1872-1958), was one of the founders of the Woman's Peace Party and the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom. She served as a national officer of the WILPF for nearly forty years. Hull was also active in other social reform movements. A member of a well-to-do Quaker family, Hannah Clothier graduated from Swarthmore College in 1891. She first worked at a Philadelphia settlement house and then entered the graduate program in social work at Bryn Mawr College. In the following year Hannah Clothier married William Isaac Hull, a fellow pacifist and professor of political science at Swarthmore. Hannah Clothier Hull worked in the woman suffrage campaign and women's rights, had some interest in temperance, was a member of the Friends Peace Committee of the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting, and was on the board of the American Friends Service Committee (1928-1947).

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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E. Raymond Wilson Papers, 1914-1987 (inclusive)

Extent:
35.25 linear ft. (35.25 linear ft.)
Abstract:
E. Raymond Wilson (1896-1987), a Quaker peace lobbyist, helped found the Friends Committee on National Legislation in 1943 and served as its Executive Secretary until 1962. He also helped organize the Committee on Militarism in Education in 1925. From 1931 to 1943, he served as Field and Education Secretary of the Peace Section of the American Friends Service Committee. He was the author of two books. The papers of E. Raymond Wilson contain personal and professional correspondence, biographical material, writings including drafts for two books, notes on travel, program of meetings and conferences he attended, a subject file, photographs, scrapbooks, sound tapes, and memorabilia. The papers of his wife Miriam Davidson Wilson (1899-1965) are also in this collection. Correspondents include Horace Alexander, Brent Dow Allinson, Iwao Fred Ayusawa, Roswell P. Barnes, Francis G. Brown, Dorothy Detzer, Harrop A. Freeman, Jeanette Hadley, Ray Newton, James M. Read, Esther B. Rhoads, John...(see more)

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Ann Morrissett Davidon and William C. Davidon Papers, 1949- (inclusive)

Extent:
9 linear ft. (9 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Ann Morrissett Davidon (1925-2004), was a writer, editor, educator, pacifist and peace activist through her entire life. William Cooper Davidon(1927- 2013), was a professor of physics at Haverford College and (retired 1994), pacifist, peace activist. The two were married in 1963 and both continued to be very active in peace, pacifist, anti-Vietnam War, and social justice organizations. They advocated and practiced war-tax resistance. In 1971, William Davidon was named an "unindicted co-conspirator" in a plot to kidnap Henry Kissenger. Ann Davidon remained active in peace issues for her entire life.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Bradford Lyttle Papers, 1954- (inclusive)

Extent:
49.75 linear ft. (49.75 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Bradford [Brad] Lyttle is a long time leading peace activist involved in the promotion of nonviolence for social change and the elimination of war and nuclear weapons. Lyttle was the organizer of the San Francisco to Moscow walk in the 1960-1961, to highlight the message of disarmament and nonviolent resistance and bringing together U.S. and Soviet citizens together during the height of the Cold War. He went on to organize and participate in other marches and protests, including the Quebec - Washington - Guantanamo Walk for Peace, during which he and twenty other marchers were jailed by police in Albany, Georgia. During the Vietnam war Lyttle coordinated many organizations and demonstrations against the war. In 1983 he founded the United States Pacifist Party and ran for president in the 1984 elections. Lyttle continues to work for peace around the world. He has been a war tax resister, worked with peace projects and refugees in Bosnia and Croatia, and has been arrested many...(see more)

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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A.J. Muste Papers, 1920-1967 (inclusive)

Extent:
26 linear ft. (64 boxes)
Abstract:
A.J. Muste (1885-1967), was ordained a minister in the Dutch Reformed Church, but later (1917), he became a member of the Society of Friends. During World War I, Muste's refusal to abandon his pacifist position led to his forced resignation from the Central Congregational Church in Newtonville, Massachusetts. Muste's involvement as a labor organizer began in 1919 when he led strikes in the textile mills of Lawrence, Massachusetts. He became the director of the Brookwood Labor College in Katonah, New York, remaining there until 1931. He then served as national chairman of the Fellowship of Reconciliation (FOR) from 1926 to 1929. Muste was director of the Presbyterian Labor Temple from 1937-1940. In 1940 he became executive director of the FOR, a position he held until his retirement in 1953, when he was made director emeritus. From 1948-1953, he served as secretary of the Ohio Peacemakers, a radical pacifist group. He was also a member of the Executive Committee of the War Resisters...(see more)

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Henry Joel Cadbury Papers, 1917-1974 (inclusive)

Extent:
1.25 linear ft. (1.25 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Henry J. Cadbury (1883-1974) was a distinguished Biblical scholar, teacher, and a member of the Society of Friends. Cadbury was one of the founders of the American Friends Service Committee. He served as its chairman from both 1928 to 1934 and again from 1944 to 1960. Cadbury supervised famine relief both in the United States and in Europe.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Jeannette Rankin Collected Papers, 1917-2011 (inclusive)

Extent:
0.42 linear ft. (5 linear in.)
Abstract:
Jeannette Rankin (1880-1973), was the first woman to serve in Congress (1917-1919). She was an active suffragist and later worked in peace organizations such as the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom and the National Council for Prevention of War. Rankin founded the Georgia Peace Society in the 1940s, and led the Jeannette Rankin Brigade, an all-women's protest march against the Vietnam war shortly before her death.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Helen Mears Papers, 1862-1981 (inclusive) 1935-1955 (bulk)

Extent:
0.63 linear ft. (7.5 linear in.)
Abstract:
Helen Mears was a writer and journalist, especially interested in Japan and Asia. Mears first traveled to China in 1925 and ten years later Mears spent nine months in Japan. Out of the trip to Japan she published two books and a series of essays that appeared in The New Yorker. Mears traveled throughout Asia, the Soviet Union, Europe, and parts of South America. After World War II Mears traveled again to Japan served in an official capacity as a member of the U.S. labor advisory committee. From the 1950s through the 1960s Mears wrote occasional articles on southeast Asia, critiquing European and U.S. involvement there. Mears was a board member of the War Resisters League in the 1950s and worked against the H-Bomb. Helen Mears published several books on Japan. These include: Mirror for Americans, Japan, Boston : Houghton Mifflin Co., 1948; Year of the Wild Boar: an American Woman in Japan in 1947.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Albon Man Collected Papers, 1943-1965 (bulk)

Extent:
0.83 linear ft. (10 linear in.)
Abstract:
Albon Platt Man Jr.,was called up for the draft during World War II, but failed to register because of his conscientious objection to war, and was sentenced to three years in prison in March 1943. He was later involvemented with the Committee for Amnesty, the CCCO, the War Resisters League, and other peace groups.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Ward Miles and Alice Calder Miles Collected Papers, 1944-1948, 2003, 2007 (inclusive)

Extent:
0.21 linear ft. (2.5 linear in.)
Abstract:
Includes two oral history interview (4 p., 2007 and 2 p., 2003) of Ward Miles and Alice Calder Miles; information about the Civilian Public Service unit at the Byberry State Hospital in Philadelphia, Pa.; manuscript "Out of Sight Out of Mind" by Ward C. Miles; information about a psychiatric aide training project conducted for the Rockefeller Foundation under the auspices of the Menninger Foundation, Topeka, Kansas in 1948; reference material about mental hospitals and psychiatric aide training, including a manuscript "Sweet Dreams and Stale Delusions" by Leonard Edelstein (1945).

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Lee Stern Papers, 1936-1992 (bulk)

Extent:
2 linear ft. (2 linear feet.)
Abstract:
Lee Stern (1915-1992), was a Quaker pacifist, conscientious objector to war, involved in peace groups and organizations, and a teacher of nonviolence.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Alice Herz and Helga Herz Collected Papers, 1941-2002 (bulk)

Extent:
0.42 linear ft. (5 linear inches.)
Abstract:
Papers of a German mother and daughter who emigrated to the United States and were peace activists in the Detroit area; mother was the first American to immolate herself in protest of the Vietnam War.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Horace Champney Papers, 1958-1990 (inclusive) 1958-1979 (bulk)

Extent:
8.25 linear ft. (8.25 lin. ft.)
Abstract:
Horace Champney was a pacifist active in various causes from the late 1940s through the 1980s. He was a founder of The Peacemakers Movement in the 1950s and interested in civil rights, war tax refusal, and other social justice causes. Champney was a member A Quaker Action Group and a crew member of the ship the Phoenix, which sailed to North Vietnam with medical supplies, during the Vietnam war.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Kay Camp Papers, 1955-2006 (inclusive)

Extent:
17.5 linear ft. (17.5 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Katherine Lindsley Camp was born in 1918 [1919?], Mt. Kisco New York. She was a graduate of Swarthmore College (Class of 1940). Camp was elected president of the U.S. Section of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom in 1967, and served as international president, 1974-1980. In addition Camp was founder of the Citizens Bi-Racial Study Group; former president of the Pennsylvania Women's Political Caucus; made unsuccessful bid for Congress in 1972 on the Democratic ticket in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania; member of the Society of Friends. Her papers include biographical information, personal correspondence, and involvement with numerous peace groups, as well as political activities.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Charles Schumacher Collected Papers, 1930-2003 (inclusive)

Extent:
1.88 linear ft. (22.5 linear in.)
Abstract:
Charles Schumacher was a chemist, chemical engineer and conscientious objector to World War II. He entered Civilian Public Service in 1944 and served in three CPS camps.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Mennonite Central Committee Collected Records, 1940- (inclusive)

Extent:
0.42 linear ft. (5 linear in.)
Abstract:
Mennonite Central Committee (MCC) was formed when representatives of various Mennonite conferences met July 27-28, 1920, in Elkhart (Indiana), and pledged to aid hungry people, including Mennonites, in Russia and Ukraine.Since then thousands have served with MCC worldwide on relief, peace and development projects.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Charles E. Frantz Collected Papers, 1944-1949, 1978-1980 (bulk)

Extent:
0.42 linear ft. (5 linear inches.)
Abstract:
Collection includes biographical information; letters from Frantz to his parents while he was in Civilian Public Service, 1944-1946, and 1947-1950; information about his refusal to register for the peacetime draft (Selective Service Act of 1948), and subsequent federal court proceedings and his 1949 imprisonment; newspaper clippings about draft refusers at Earlham College, 1949; a copy of Frantz's FBI file and correspondence relating to it, 1978-1980; and Frantz's writings about the Dukhobors, a pacifist sect.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Daniel A. Seeger Collected Papers, 1958-2008 (inclusive)

Extent:
2.9 linear ft. (35 linear in.; 7 boxes)
Abstract:
Seeger is best known for the 1965 Supreme Court court case regarding his conscientious objector claim without belief in a Supreme Being as grounds for C.O. status.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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C. Douglas Hostetter Papers, 1959- (bulk)

Extent:
12.7 linear ft. (12.7 linear feet.)
Abstract:
C. Douglas Hostetter (1944 - ), has been an peace activist since the 1960s. He was a conscientious objector during the Vietnam war and performed alternative service for the Mennonite Central Committee in rural Vietnam.Following his work in Vietnam Hostetter worked for the United Methodist Church at the United Nations on international affairs. From the mid 1980s through the end of the decade Hostetter served as the executive secretary of the American Friends Service Committee in their New England regional office. He served as the Executive Secretary of the Fellowship of Reconcilation from 1987-1993. During the 1990s Hostetter was the international/interfaith secretary of the FOR and directed the Bosnian Student Project for the organization. In 2003 he was ordained as Peace Pastor at the Evanston, Illinois Mennonite Church. Since 2006 Hostetter has been the director of the Mennonite Central Committee at the United Nations. Throughout his life Hostetter has been heavily involved in...(see more)

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Lynne Shivers Papers, 1941-2015 (bulk)

Extent:
8 linear ft. (8 linear feet.)
Abstract:
Enid Lynne Shivers was a peace activist and prominent member of Movement for a New Society, for which she organized and wrote informational materials. This collection of her personal materials is primarily composed of journals dating from the 1960s until 2014 and materials from time she spent doing peace work in Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Marjorie Swann and Robert Swann Papers, 1949-1972 (bulk)

Extent:
2.5 linear ft. (30 linear inches.)
Abstract:
The Swanns were Quaker peace activitists who were particularly well known for their part in nonviolent direct action against nuclear weapons testing and deployment in the 1950s-1960s.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Elihu Burritt Papers, 1840-1965 (inclusive) 1841-1878 (bulk)

Extent:
1 linear ft. (1 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Elihu Burritt was born on December 10, 1810, in New Britain, Connecticut, into a working class family. He attended school briefly, but was largely self-educated. Burritt became a blacksmith to support himself, but he continued to study languages at night. Word of his erudition spread; he became known as the "Learned Blacksmith", and was offered opportunities to speak in public. While writing a lecture on "The Anatomy of the Earth", he was so impressed by the interdependency of its parts that he ended with a plea for international peace. This became his lifelong passion. He became acquainted with other social reformers and began his career as a prophet for peace.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Jessie Wallace Hughan Papers, 1870-1998 (inclusive)

Extent:
6.5 linear ft. (6.5 linear feet.)
Abstract:
Jessie Wallace Hughan (December 25, 1875 – April 10, 1955) was an American educator, social activist, and a radical pacifist. During her college days she was one of four co-founders of Alpha Omicron Pi, a national sorority for university women. She also was a founder and the first Secretary of the War Resisters League, established in 1923. For over two decades, she was a perennial candidate for political office on the ticket of the Socialist Party of America in her home state of New York.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Frederick J. and Faith Ward Libby Papers, 1909-1969 (inclusive) 1931-1969 (bulk)

Extent:
9.5 linear ft. (9.5 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Frederick J. Libby (1874-1970) was a pacifist, writer, speaker and fundraiser. He was the founder of the National Council for Prevention of War, 1921-1970. Faith Ward Libby (1902-1984) was also a peace activist and member of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom. The two married in 1932. This collection contains their personal correspondence.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Peace Action Center Records, 1959-1965 (inclusive)

Extent:
6.25 linear ft. (20 boxes)
Abstract:
The Peace Action Center began in 1961 as a continuation of the vigil at Fort Detrick, Md. Peace activists had sponsored a continuous vigil as early as 1959 seeking the abandonment of biological weapons and appealed for the conversion of the fort into a world health center. The Peace Action Center included cooperative living quarters for the staff of religious pacifists, mostly Quakers. PAC staff including Lawrence Scott, director, and Jack L. Bagley, Sarah Bishop, Florence Y. Carpenter, Bertha Faust, William R. Martin, Gelston McNeil, and Patricia Parkman. The PAC disbanded in the fall 1963.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Mildred Scott Olmsted Papers, 1881-1990 (inclusive) 1907-1990 (bulk)

Extent:
14 linear ft. (28 boxes)
Abstract:
Mildred Scott Olmsted, peace activist and suffragist, was born in Glenolden, Pennsylvania, in 1890. In 1922, Olmsted became Executive Secretary of the Pennsylvania Branch of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF). From 1934 onward she assumed national positions with the organization. In 1946, Olmsted became National Administrative Secretary and held that position (until her retirement in 1966. She remained active as Executive Director Emerita of WILPF and also served on its International Executive Committee from 1937 until 1953. Mildred Scott married Allen S. Olmsted, II, in 1921 and the couple had one child and adopted two more. Mildred Scott Olmsted died in 1990 at the age of 99.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Jane Addams Papers, 1838- (inclusive) 1880-1935 (bulk)

Extent:
130 linear ft.
Abstract:
A world-famous social reformer; co-founded the first settlement house in America in 1889; championed many causes on behalf of the urban poor, such as protection of immigrants, child labor laws, industrial safety, juvenile courts, and recognition of labor unions; a leading figure in the movement for international peace; awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Charles C. Walker Papers, 1940-2000 (inclusive)

Extent:
25.67 linear ft. (21 record cartons and 1 flat box)
Abstract:
Minutes, reports, writings, notes, photographs, and printed material from Walker's work as an activist and nonviolent resistance trainer. Materials have been place in series based on how the subjects were identified in their original boxes.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Peace Pilgrim Papers, 1908-1986 (inclusive)

Extent:
3.75 linear ft. (9 boxes)
Abstract:
Peace Pilgrim was born Mildred Lisette Norman in 1908. Between 1953 and l964, she had walked 25,000 miles across the U.S. for peace. Peace Pilgrim eventually made seven pilgrimages, crossing North America. She was killed in an automobile accident on July 7, 1981, at the age of 71.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Bent Andresen Collected Papers, 1928-1991 (inclusive)

Extent:
0.04 linear ft. (.5 linear in.)
Abstract:
Bent Andresen registered as a conscientious objector (CO) during World War Two and was sent to a Civilian Public Service in 1944. Andresen participated in a guinea pig project in which he and several other COs lived in a refrigerated room for three months to test the impact of a high-protein diet on cold-weather conditions. He went AWOL in 1945 and was sentenced to two years in prison. Andreson was involved in various peace and justice groups throughout his lifetime.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Episcopal Peace Fellowship Records, 1936-2009 (inclusive) 1936-2009 (bulk)

Extent:
28 linear ft. (28 linear ft.)
Abstract:
The Episcopal Peace Fellowship (EPF), was founded November 1939 as an association of pacifist members of the Protestant Episcopal Church. The organization sought to discover and unite pacifists within the church and to influence its membership regarding Christianity and peace. The EPF has sponsored educational projects (publications, lectures, workshops, conferences), provided counseling and financial support for conscientious objectors, and contributed to pacifist projects in other countries.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Devere Allen Papers, 1809-1978 (inclusive) 1910-1955 (bulk)

Extent:
138 linear ft. (138 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Author, editor, journalist and lecturer; advocate of internationalist pacifism; influential member of the Socialist Party in the 1930s; genealogist; recorder of Rhode Island history and lore; named Harold Devere Allen.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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War Resisters League Records, 1923-2013 (inclusive)

Extent:
35.4 linear ft. (series a = 37 boxes and 15.22 linear feet; series b = 49 boxes and 20.22 linear feet)
Abstract:
The War Resisters League is a pacifist organization whose members are against all war. Witnessing the establishment of the War Resisters' International in Europe in 1921, and sensing a need for a similar organization in the United States, Dr. Jessie Wallace Hughan established the War Resisters League as an independent organization. The War Resisters League membership pledge, which has remained essentially unchanged since its inception, reads: "The War Resisters League affirms that war is a crime against humanity. We therefore are determined not to support any kind of war, international or civil, and to strive non-violently for the removal of all causes of war." The League seeks to end war and social injustice through pacifist and nonviolent tactics.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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George Willoughby and Lillian Willoughby Papers, 1931-2010 (inclusive)

Extent:
2.1 linear ft. (25.25 linear in.)
Abstract:
George Willoughby (December 9, 1914 - January 5, 2010) and Lillian Willoughby (c. 1916 - January 15, 2009) were Quaker activists who took part in nonviolent protests against war, conducted nonviolence trainings in India and other countries, and advocated for preservation of land in New Jersey and elsewhere.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Igal Roodenko Papers, 1935-1991 (inclusive)

Extent:
3.3 linear ft. ((8 boxes))
Abstract:
Igal Roodenko was a pacifist, peace and civil rights activist, and advocate of nonviolence. He was a member of the War Resisters League Executive Committee, served on boards of A.J. Muste Memorial Institute and Consortium on Peace Research and Development (COPRED), and was active in Men of All Colors Together.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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