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Start Over Creator Muste, Abraham John, 1885-1967

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Dorothy H. Hutchinson Papers, 1942-1980 (inclusive)

Extent:
5.25 linear ft. (5.25 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Dorothy Hewitt Hutchinson (l905-l984) began to gain influence in the peace movement when her pamphlet A Call to Peace Now was printed by the Friends in l943. That summer, Hutchinson and a small group of people started the Peace Now Movement, using her pamphlet to rally support for the principle of a negotiated settlement rather than unconditional surrender of the Axis powers. This group included George W. Hartmann, a psychology professor at Columbia, and John Collett. Hutchinson also worked to promote the United Nations and helped organize a local chapter of the United World Federalists Hutchinson was active in the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom and became president of the U.S. Section of WILPF in l96l, serving until l965. She then served as chairman of International WILPF from l965 until l968. Hutchinson was an activist in civil rights and civil liberties as well as in the peace movement.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Lawrence Scott Papers, 1955-1965 (inclusive)

Extent:
7.5 linear ft. (7.5 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Lawrence Scott was a construction engineer, Baptist clergyman, and Quaker activist. He worked as an activist against the testing of nuclear weapons and biological weapons research. He was the supervisor for the Friends Mississippi Project, project director of the Appeal and Vigil at Fort Detrick in Maryland, executive secretary of the Peace Action Center and a founder of A Quaker Action Group.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Broomell-Cleghorn-Fisher Papers, 1876-1967 (inclusive)

Extent:
2 linear ft. (4 boxes)
Abstract:
This collection contains material collected by Anna Pettit Broomell and primarily consists of the writings and correspondence of Broomell, Dorothy Canfield Fisher, and Sarah Cleghorn.

Held at: Friends Historical Library of Swarthmore College [Contact Us]

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Committee for Nonviolent Action Records, 1958-1968 (inclusive)

Extent:
18.75 linear ft. (18.75 linear ft.)
Abstract:
CNVA was one of the first American peace groups to focus on nonviolentdirect action including civil disobedience. Its purpose of organizing imaginative and dramatic protest demonstrations on both land and sea attracted radical pacifists and called the attention of the American public to the atrocities of nuclear warfare. CNVA's first protest action was a vigil held outside the atomic weapons test grounds in Las Vegas, Nevada, in 1957. In the second half of its existence CNVA efforts began to focus on Vietnam. The organization allied its resources with other American peace groups. As other American peace groups adopted CNVA's methods of dramatic and nonviolent demonstrations, its own numbers and support waned. In the fall of 1967, CNVA voted to merge with the War Resisters League, which became reality in January 1968.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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J. Stuart Innerst Papers, 1920-1975 (inclusive)

Extent:
6.25 linear ft. (6.25 linear ft.)
Abstract:
J. Stuart Innerst was a United Brethren in Christ missionary to China in the 1920s. Innerst and his wife Marion Reachard Innerst left China in 1927 with great concerns about the influence of western imperialism in that country. J. Stuart Innerst served as pastor of several churches and joined the Society of Friends in 1943. In addition to his pastoral work, Innerst also served as the Director of the Quaker Friends in Washington Program (1960-1961, lobbied members of Congress regarding China, disarmament and peace, and other issues. His other involvements included participation in various Friends boards and committees, such as the Executive Committee of the Friends Committee on Legislation, the La Jolla Meeting Peace Committee, and the Friend in the Orient Committee of the Pacific Yearly Meeting. Innerst wrote Bible study helps and devotionals, articles and leaflets, and edited the Understanding China Newsletter, published by the American Friends Service Committee. He co-authored the...(see more)

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Metropolitan Board for Conscientious Objectors Records, 1940-1980 (inclusive)

Extent:
7.5 linear ft. (7.5 linear ft.)
Abstract:
The Metropolitan Board for Conscientious Objectors was a non-sectarian, free advisory service for conscientious objectors to war and military service. The MBCO was set up to provide counseling and legal aid in metropolitan New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut and established by the United Pacifist Committee in 1940. The group disbanded in 1980.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Devere Allen Papers, 1809-1978 (inclusive) 1910-1955 (bulk)

Extent:
138 linear ft. (138 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Author, editor, journalist and lecturer; advocate of internationalist pacifism; influential member of the Socialist Party in the 1930s; genealogist; recorder of Rhode Island history and lore; named Harold Devere Allen.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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War Resisters League Records, 1923-2013 (inclusive)

Extent:
35.4 linear ft. (series a = 37 boxes and 15.22 linear feet; series b = 49 boxes and 20.22 linear feet)
Abstract:
The War Resisters League is a pacifist organization whose members are against all war. Witnessing the establishment of the War Resisters' International in Europe in 1921, and sensing a need for a similar organization in the United States, Dr. Jessie Wallace Hughan established the War Resisters League as an independent organization. The War Resisters League membership pledge, which has remained essentially unchanged since its inception, reads: "The War Resisters League affirms that war is a crime against humanity. We therefore are determined not to support any kind of war, international or civil, and to strive non-violently for the removal of all causes of war." The League seeks to end war and social injustice through pacifist and nonviolent tactics.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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SCI International Voluntary Service (U.S.) Records, 1954-1976 (inclusive)

Extent:
10.1 linear ft. (10.1 linear ft.)
Abstract:
This organization was stablished around 1956 by Robert Stowell and others as an American affiliate of Service Civil International with the goals of voluntary service, self-discipline, and international friendship. The group operated approximately 87 workcamps between 1954 and 1974. SCI provided placements and alternative service for conscientious objectors. SCI suspended operation in the mid-1970s, but was revived in the mid-1980s by a group of former SCI volunteers.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Mohandas K. Gandhi Collected Papers, 1919- (bulk)

Extent:
0.25 linear ft. (3 inches)
Abstract:
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born in 1869 in Porbandar in Gujarat, India. He trained as a barrister and worked in Durban, South Africa. Influenced primarily by Hinduism, but also by elements of Jainism and Christianity as well as writers including Tolstoy and Thoreau, Gandhi developed the satyagraha ('devotion to truth'), a new nonviolent way to redress wrongs. Gandhi returned to India and in 1919, he announced a new satyagraha which attracted millions of followers. By 1920, Gandhi was a dominant figure in Indian politics. He transformed the Indian National Congress, and his program of peaceful non-cooperation with the British included boycotts of British goods and institutions, leading to arrests of thousands. For the next 20 years he led nonviolent protests against British policies and colonial power in India. In 1945, the British government began negotiations which culminated in the Mountbatten Plan of June 1947, and the formation of the two new independent states of India and...(see more)

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Friends' Publishing Corporation, 1959-2005 (inclusive)

Extent:
1.5 linear ft. (1 box and 3 volumes)
Abstract:
The primary activity of the Friends' Publishing Corporation is Friends Journal, a Quaker periodical. The latter was the successor to The Friend, the serial published by the Orthodox Quakers (1827-1955) and Friends Intelligencer, published by the Hicksite Quakers (1844-1955). It was established as a result of the merger of the two Philadelphia Yearly Meetings, and the first consolidated issue was dated July 2, 1955. Originally published weekly and then bi-weekly, it became a monthly periodical in 1988.

Held at: Friends Historical Library of Swarthmore College [Contact Us]

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Consultative Peace Council Collected Records, 1930-1969 (bulk)

Extent:
0.83 linear ft. (10 linear in.)
Abstract:
Includes correspondence, reports, financial records, administrative files, minutes of meetings, publicity materials, brochures, newspaper clippings. Correspondents include: Devere Allen, Dorothy Detzer, Alfred Hassler, Jessie Wallace Hughan, Abe Kaufman, Frederick J. Libby, A.J. Muste, Ray Newton, Mildred Scott Olmsted, John Swomley, E. Raymond Wilson, and M.R. Zigler.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Marjorie Swann and Robert Swann Papers, 1949-1972 (bulk)

Extent:
2.5 linear ft. (30 linear inches.)
Abstract:
The Swanns were Quaker peace activitists who were particularly well known for their part in nonviolent direct action against nuclear weapons testing and deployment in the 1950s-1960s.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Julien D. Cornell Papers, 1940-1947 (inclusive)

Extent:
3.25 linear ft. (3.25 linear feet.)
Abstract:
Julien Cornell (1910-1994) practiced law in New York City, with a special interest in civil liberties. During World War II, he handled many cases for conscientious objectors, as well as advising many other COs about their various problems with the legal system. He was considered an expert on legal issues regarding conscientious objection and Civilian Public Service, and was consulted by many lawyers throughout the country for his opinions.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Emily Greene Balch Papers, 1842-1961 (inclusive) 1875-1961 (bulk)

Extent:
25.75 linear ft. (58 boxes)
Abstract:
Emily Greene Balch (1867-1961) was the second U.S. woman to have won the Nobel Peace Prize. Balch embarked on her academic career in the economics and sociology department at Wellesley College. Balch's extracurricular work with the Women's Trade Union League and opposition to World War I resulted in dismissal from Wellesley, and thereafter she helped lead the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom. Called a "Citizen of the World," Balch worked for peace throughout her life--through disarmament; internationalization of important waterways, aviation, and the polar regions; drug control; and the elimination of the causes of discontent and conflict among peoples.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Helene Stöcker Papers, 1897-1994 (inclusive) 1913-1943 (bulk)

Extent:
4 linear ft. (4 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Dr. Helene Stöcker (1869-1943) was one of the first woman students to enter a German University. In the 1920s she helped found Germany's first woman suffrage organization, and later the Bund für Mutterschutz (Protection of Motherhood). Dr. Stöcker immigrated to the United States in 1941 under the sponsorship of friends and colleagues in the peace movement.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Church Peace Mission Records, 1950-1967 (inclusive) 1959-1965 (bulk)

Extent:
5.4 linear ft. (5.4 linear ft.)
Abstract:
The Church Peace Mission began as an outgrowth of a conference on the "Church and War," held in Detroit in May 1950, with its purpose being to disseminate the findings of the conference to as many churches and seminaries as possible in the next six months. Its objective was to challenge the various peace groups "to face anew their responsibility to Christ, to his Church, and to mankind," by appealing to Christians not to make or use weapons of war and to "devote their energies to the removal of the social, economic and moral causes of . . . war." Established religious peace groups, such as the Fellowship of Reconciliation was instrumental in the creation and continuation of the CPM. Affiliated groups included the American Friends Service Committee, the Brethren Service Committee, the Baptist Pacifist Fellowship, the Episcopal Peace Fellowship, the Fellowship of Reconciliation, and the Friends General Conference. The CPM disbanded in 1967.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam Records, 1966-1969 (inclusive)

Extent:
4.16 linear ft. (10 boxes)
Abstract:
The National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam was a conference of groups opposed to the United States' involvement in Vietnam. This groups in1966 and its first major undertaking at that time was to organize a mass rally on April 15, 1967, both in New York City and in San Francisco. The Mobe's chief aim was to mobilize public opinion against the Vietnamese War and against such other injustices of society as black inequality. It sought to weld a coalition of existing peace groups and to spark the formation of new action groups across the country.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Peace Action Center Records, 1959-1965 (inclusive)

Extent:
6.25 linear ft. (20 boxes)
Abstract:
The Peace Action Center began in 1961 as a continuation of the vigil at Fort Detrick, Md. Peace activists had sponsored a continuous vigil as early as 1959 seeking the abandonment of biological weapons and appealed for the conversion of the fort into a world health center. The Peace Action Center included cooperative living quarters for the staff of religious pacifists, mostly Quakers. PAC staff including Lawrence Scott, director, and Jack L. Bagley, Sarah Bishop, Florence Y. Carpenter, Bertha Faust, William R. Martin, Gelston McNeil, and Patricia Parkman. The PAC disbanded in the fall 1963.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America Records, 1941-1946 (inclusive)

Extent:
3.75 linear ft. (3.75 linear ft.)
Abstract:
The Federal Council of Churches organized its Committee on the Conscientious Objector under its Department of International Justice and Goodwill in 1941. The Committee was interested in all aspects of conscientious objection, especially religious life in Civilian Public Service camps. Among the Committee's projects was the organizing of a program of visitation to CPS camps.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Women's Committee to Oppose Conscription Records, 1942-1948 (inclusive)

Extent:
7.25 linear ft. (7.25 linear ft.)
Abstract:
This group was originally named the Committee to Oppose the Conscription of Women [WCOC], and then the National Committee to Oppose the Conscription of Women. It was formed in 1942 to protest the Austin-Wadsworth legislative bills and similar measures, which proposed that American women be drated into a civilian workforce for the duration of World War II. When the immediate threat of drafting women had passed, the group changed its name again, this time to the Women's Committee to Oppose Conscription, reflecting its stand against any conscription. Mildred Scott Olmsted served as Director, A.J. Muste as Treasurer, and Grace Rhoads as secretary. The Committee was headed by Katherine Pierce and Frances Chalmers of New York City.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Charles C. Walker Papers, 1940-2000 (inclusive)

Extent:
25.67 linear ft. (21 record cartons and 1 flat box)
Abstract:
Minutes, reports, writings, notes, photographs, and printed material from Walker's work as an activist and nonviolent resistance trainer. Materials have been place in series based on how the subjects were identified in their original boxes.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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