https://findingaids.library.upenn.edu/records/Peace_SCPC.DG.202
GWEN Project Records
- Creator
- GWEN Project (U.S.)
- Date
- 1985-1994 (inclusive)
- Extent
- 7.2 linear ft. (3 record cartons, 10 document boxes)
- Call Number
- DG.202
Description
Where the collection came from, what's inside, and how you can use it.
Biography/History
GWEN (Ground Wave Emergency Network was a grass roots organization founded in the mid 1980s. Mobilized citizens protested the establishment of a GWEN network, a plan by the U.S. Air Force to build a system of radiotowers around the U.S. for the purpose of maintaining military communications in the event of nuclear war. The GWEN Project was a national organization, headquartered in Amherst, Massachusetts. The co-directors were Nancy Foster and Lois Barber. In 1994, the U.S. Congress refused further funding for GWEN, calling it wasteful and unnecessary.
Scope and Content
This collection contains files of various GWEN projects across the U.S.
Custodial History
The Swarthmore College Peace Collection is the official repository for these records.
Acquisition Information
Gift of Nancy Foster 2001 [Acc. 01A-030]; 2003 [Acc. 03A-027]; Gift of Ronald Fraser 2016 [Acc. 2016-091], [Acc. 2016-105]; 2017 [Acc. 2017-012].
Processing Information
This collection remains partially unprocessed. Those files are listed by the separate accession in which they were donated.
Related Materials
Materials are in English.
Separated Material
Items removed: Photographs; Videorecordings
Rights and citation
- Use
-
None.
- Preferred Citation
- Cite as: [Identification of item], in the GWEN Project Records (DG 202), Swarthmore College Peace Collection.
- Publisher
- Swarthmore College Peace Collection
Subjects and headings
- Creator
- GWEN Project (U.S.)
- Subject
- Ground Wave Emergency Network -- History -- Sources
- Arms control -- Citizen participation -- History -- Sources
- People
- Foster, Nancy E.
- Barber, Lois Jewel
- Organization
- GWEN Project (U.S.)
- Language
- English
Inventory
Everything in this collection, in the order the archivist chose to help you understand it.
Responses at Final Operational Capability (FOC) sites: overview
Sites: Final Operational Capability (FOC)
Cedarville (California): opposition to the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site
Del Norte (Colorado): opposition to the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site
Denmark (Maine): opposition to the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site
Monson (Maine): opposition to the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site
Traverse City (Michigan): opposition to the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site -- Kingsley
Brainerd (Minnesota): opposition to the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site -- Shepard
Hamilton (Montana): opposition to the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site
Livingston (Montana): opposition to the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site
Nevada: opposition to the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site
Denton (North Carolina): opposition to the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site -- CID
Kanab (Utah): opposition to the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site
Nelson County (Virginia): opposition to the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site -- Shipman
Medford (Wisconsin )—opposition to the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site -- Chelsea
Brookston (Indiana): minimal protest against the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site
Rockford (Idaho): minimal protest against the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site
Accident (Maryland): minimal protest against the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site
Missouri: minimal protest against the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site -- Curryville and Dudley
Whitney (Nebraska): minimal protest against the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site
Delaware (Ohio): minimal protest against the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site
Tobyhanna (Pennsylvania): minimal protest against the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site
Dandridge (Tennessee): minimal protest against the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site
Crockett (Virginia): minimal protest against the Final Operational Capability (FOC) site
Air Force announcements of preferred sites in uncontested locations
Other Final Operational Capability (FOC) sites of absent or minimal protest
Lobbying the House of Representatives, 1993
Lobbying the Senate, 1993
Lobbying and congressional action, 1990
Lobbying and congressional action, 1987
Lobbying and congressional action, 1986
Lobbying in Massachusetts
Lobbying: Representative Silvio Conte (Massachusetts), 1985-1991
Lobbying: Sen. Edward Kennedy (Massachusetts)
Lobbying: Sen. John Kerry (Massachusetts), 1985
Lobbying: Richard Bell (aide to Sen. John Kerry)
Lobbying: Representative Barney Frank, 1986-1993
Lobbying: Representative Mavroules (Massachusetts), 1986-1990
Lobbying: Representative Atkins and Representative Boland (Massachusetts)
Lobbying: Representative Studds (Massachusetts)
Lobbying: Other Massachusetts Representatives
Lobbying: Representatives. Machtley, Schneider, St. Germain, 1986-1990
Lobbying: Sens. Pell and Chafee (Rhode Island)
Lobbying: Representative Payne (Virginia), 1990-1993
Lobbying: Representative Sabo (Minnesota), 1993-1994
Lobbying: Sen. Hatfield (Oregon)
Lobbying: Senators Levin and Riegle (Michigan)
Lobbying: Other Representatives and Senators
Help from Peace Groups: Appeals and/or news releases to or by peace groups
Help from Peace Groups: Monday Lobby Group, 1990, 1993
Help from Peace Groups: Lobbying by local groups and individuals, 1990
Help from Peace Groups: Citizens for Participation in Political Action (Massachusetts)
Help from Peace Groups: Natural Resources Defense Council
Help from Peace Groups: Lobbying by peace organizations, 1987-1988
Help from Peace Groups: Physicians for Social Responsibility
Help from Peace Groups: 20/20 Vision
Help from Peace Groups: Misc. peace groups
Air Force: Communication with Air Force Public Affairs and Director of GWEN Program
Air Force: Air Force documents
Air Force: Air Force documents: background
Thin Line Environmental Assessment and Finding of No Significant Impact, 1985
Thin Line Environmental Assessment and Finding of No Significant Impact, 1982
Environmental Assessment: Air Force's withholding of information
Air Force Scoping Meeting, Washington (DC), 31680
Documentation for Foster statement at Scoping Meeting
Scoping submissions, Fall 1986
Hearing: Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) re: Final Operational Capability (FOC), 31936
Preparation for hearing on Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) re: Final Operational Capability (FOC), 31936
Written submissions for hearing on Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS), 1987 (June)
Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) hearings in other cities, 1987
Final Environmental Impact Statement on Final Operational Capability (FOC): Excerpts
Thin Line sites
Shrinking GWEN network
Precise location of Thin Line sites
Air Force notification of Tower Sites: process and problems
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests: help from National Security Archives
Documents secured under Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) by Institute for Policy Studies
Documents secured under Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) by GWEN Project
Department of Defense documents
Department of Defense: Franklin Miller's defense of GWEN
Philosophy Behind GWEN: Protracted war strategy, through 1983
Philosophy Behind GWEN: Protracted war strategy, 1984-1990
Philosophy Behind GWEN: Critiques of protracted war strategy
Philosophy Behind GWEN: Federal environmental regulations
Philosophy Behind GWEN: C-Cubed: articles and bibliography
Philosophy Behind GWEN: Shift in U.S. targeting strategy (Los Angeles Times), 1989 (July)
Documents for reference, 1990-1994
Documents for reference, 1987-1989
Documents for reference, 1986
Documents for reference, thru 1985
Hearings, votes, and statements by local and state governmental bodies
Size of network
Funding for GWEN
Foster article in "Bulletin of Atomic Scientists", 1988 (November)
Follow-up articles on GWEN in "Bulletin of Atomic Scientists", 1994 (January-February)
Contacts with editors in "Bulletin of Atomic Scientists"
Institute for Policy Studies: Bill Arkin and Kathleen Clark
Center for Defense Information: Admiral Carroll and Captain Bush
Center for Defense Information: Ronald Fraser
Approach to other Defense Analysts: Supportive Defense Analyst Michael Klare
Approach to other Defense Analysts: Supportive Defense Analyst Adm. Noel Gaylor Ret.
Approach to other Defense Analysts: Supportive Defense Analyst Allan Krass
Approach to other Defense Analysts: Supportive Defense Analyst Peter Hayes
Approach to other Defense Analysts: Letters to defense analysts
Approach to Defense Analyst Robert Aldridge
Approach to Defense Analyst Desmond Ball
Approach to Defense Analyst Bruce Blair
Approach to Defense Analyst Paul Bracken
Approach to Defense Analyst Ashton Carter
Approach to Defense Analyst Daniel Ford
Approach to Defense Analyst Thomas Powers
Approach to Defense Analyst John Pike, James Rubin
Approach to Defense Analyst John Steinbruner
Approach to Defense Analyst Jonathan Tucker
Gwen Project Documents, Newsletters, Updates: GWEN Project documents, 1990-1994
Gwen Project Documents, Newsletters, Updates: GWEN Project documents, 1987-1989
Gwen Project Documents, Newsletters, Updates: GWEN Project documents, 1986
Gwen Project Documents, Newsletters, Updates: GWEN Project documents, 1985
Gwen Project Documents, Newsletters, Updates: No-GWEN News and Updates to Activists
Gwen Project Documents, Newsletters, Updates: Information packets, 1985
Gwen Project Documents, Newsletters, Updates: Mailing lists
Gwen Project Documents, Newsletters, Updates: Oral presentations on GWEN
Gwen Project Documents, Newsletters, Updates: Lois Barber's Letters to the Editor; op-ed pieces by GWEN opponents
Gwen Project Documents, Newsletters, Updates: Questions on GWEN developed by GWEN Project
Gwen Project Documents, Newsletters, Updates: Mainstream press and wire stories, 1983-1994
Gwen Project Documents, Newsletters, Updates: Editorials re: GWEN
Gwen Project Documents, Newsletters, Updates: GWEN Project's press releases
Gwen Project Documents, Newsletters, Updates: Background information for the press; national press contacts
Gwen Project Documents, Newsletters, Updates: Press contacts (mostly initiated by reporters at tower sites)
Gwen Project Documents, Newsletters, Updates: Peace-oriented press
Gwen Project Documents, Newsletters, Updates: REColoradoN 1 (project censored)
Gwen Project Documents, Newsletters, Updates: REColoradoN 2
Lawsuits: Conservation Law Foundation and State of Rhode Island
Lawsuits: Conservation Law Foundation
Lawsuits: Approach to Massachusetts Attorney General
Lawsuit: Lane County (Oregon)
Lawsuit: township[?] of Little Egg Harbor (New Jersey)
Protest in Amherst: Amherst Selectboard
Protest in Amherst: Amherst town meeting
Protest in Amherst: Hampshire County commissioners hearings, 1985 (February.-April)
Protest in Amherst: Contacts with county commissioners
Protest in Amherst: Questions for the military at county commissioners hearings
Protest in Amherst: Hearing: William Arkin, Institute for Policy Studies transcript, 31090
Protest in Amherst: Hearing: Lt Col Dale Condit, U.S. Air Force transcript, 31132
Protest in Amherst: Hearing: Franklin Miller, Director, Strategic Forces Policy -- DOD transcript, 31153
Protest in Amherst: Initial response to news of tower, 1984 (November-December)
Protest in Amherst: Organizing against tower, 1985 (January)
Protest in Amherst: Opposition to tower, 1985 (February)
Protest in Amherst: Opposition to tower, 1985 (March)
Protest in Amherst: Opposition to tower, Amherst (Massachusetts), 1985 (April-October)
Protest in Amherst: Local support for GWEN Project
Protest in Amherst: News reports: Amherst area press
Protest in Amherst: Letters to the Editor and op ed pieces: Amherst area press
Funding, Grants, Expenses: Peace Development Fund
Funding, Grants, Expenses: Haymarket People's Fund
Funding, Grants, Expenses: CS Fund: funding exchange
Funding, Grants, Expenses: Winston Foundation
Funding, Grants, Expenses: Testimonials for funding sources
Funding, Grants, Expenses: Budgets for grants
Funding, Grants, Expenses: Expenses of Director (Foster)
Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) Concerns about GWEN's Groundwave
National Academy of Sciences Report on Electromagnetic Radiation
Louis Slesin of Microwave News on Electromagnetic Radiation
Opposition at Thin Line sites
Cape Cod (Massachusetts) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
S.E. Massachusetts opposition, including ACUSHNET to/at Thin Line site/s
Newsclippings re: S.E. Massachusetts opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
Little Compton (Rhode Island) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
Newsclippings re: Little Compton (Rhode Island) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
Westport (Massachusetts) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
Barre (Massachusetts) opposition (North Central, Massachusetts) to/at Thin Line site/s
Hubbardston (Massachusetts) opposition (North Central, Massachusetts) to/at Thin Line site/s
Gardner (Massachusetts) opposition (North Central, Massachusetts) to/at Thin Line site/s
Hardwick (Massachusetts) opposition (North Central, Massachusetts) to/at Thin Line site/s
North Brookfield (Massachusetts) Opposition (North Central, Massachusetts) to/at Thin Line site/s
Westminster (Massachusetts) Opposition (North Central, Massachusetts) to/at Thin Line site/s
Other North Central Massachusetts opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
Castine (Maine) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
Penobscot (Maine) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
Sherman (Maine) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
California Opposition to/at Thin Line site/s: Chico and Bakersfield
Rocky Flats (Colorado) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
Mechanicsvilled (IA) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
Maryland opposition to/at Thin Line site/s: Hagerstown, Waldorf and Crownsville
Onondaga (Holt, Michigan) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
Polson (Montana) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
Lacey (New Jersey) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
Egg Harbor/ Little Egg Harbor (New Jersey) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
Elmira (New York) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
New Bern (North Carolina) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
Eugene (Oregon) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
Gettysburg (Pennsylvania) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
Harbor Creek (Pennsylvania) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
Mequon (Wisconsin) opposition to/at Thin Line site/s
Actions at Thin Line tower sites (includes civil disobedience)
Sites with minimal protest opposing Thin Line
Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis on GWEN
Recommendations to Massachusetts Governor Dukakis by Governor's Advisory Council
GWEN as issue in Massachusetts Governor Dukakis' presidential campaign, 1988
Congressional hearings, 1987-1989
Congressional hearings, through 1986
Reports to Congress
Congressional Documents: Castine-Maine Opposition Thin Line
Congressional Documents: Penobscot, Maine Opposition Thin Line
Congressional Documents: Sherman, Maine Opposition Thin Line
California Opposition-ThinLine Chico and Bakersfield
Rocky Flats, CO Opposition Thin Line
Mechanicsville, IA Opposition Thin Line
Maryland Opposition - Thin Line, Hagerstown, Waldorf and Crownsville
Accession 03A-027
Accession 2017-012
Contact
These materials are held by Swarthmore College Peace Collection. Contact them to schedule a visit or ask about your research.
- Address
- 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081-1399
- specialcollections@swarthmore.edu
- Website
- https://resolver.tricolib.brynmawr.edu/ark:/37966/s189c9b1fa-b471-48dc-abed-4ac0901d83e5