Call Number:

1689

Repository:

Historical Society of Pennsylvania

Extent:

2.0 linear feet (; 5 boxes, 1 volume)

Language:

English

Preferred Citation:

Cite as: [Indicate cited item or series here], Louis H. Hollis collection on the Improved Order of Red Men (Collection 1689), The Historical Society of Pennsylvania.

Date:

1817-1902, undated (bulk, 1842-1887)

Donor:

Hollis, Louis H.

Abstract:

In 1813, at Fort Mifflin, Pennsylvania, a group of men met to form a fraternal organization that they called the Society of Red Men. The name was changed to The Improved Order of Red Men in 1834. This collection, assembled by Louis H. Hollis, documents the creation of the work the History of the Improved Order of Red Men by Morris H. Gorham and William G. Hollis (Philadelphia, 1884). It dates primarily to the early to late 1800s and includes Gorham's manuscripts, minute books of a few East Coast chapters of the order, membership records, account books, a scrapbook, and miscellaneous papers.

In 1813, at Fort Mifflin, Pennsylvania, a group of men met to form a fraternal organization that they called the Society of Red Men. The name was changed to The Improved Order of Red Men in 1834. According to the current organization, the order modeled itself after Iroquois Confederacy. The organization became national in 1847 in Maryland, with the formation of the Grand Council of the United States. The Improved Order of Red Men still exists today, and believes in democracy, free government, the United States of America, and “perpetuating the beautiful legends and traditions of a once-vanishing race and the keeping alive some of the traditional customs, ceremonies, and philosophies” (IORM website - http://www.redmen.org/redmen/info/).

The order uses American Indian-inspired terminology for its structural organization and correspondence. For instance, tye call their chapters “wigwams” and name then after different tribes, such as Tecumseh Tribe, Number One, in Pennsylvania. Their calendar is based on the Columbus's voyages to the New World, with A.D. 1491 being year one of the organization.

Morris H. Gorham wrote the History of the Improved Order of Red Men, which was published in 1884. Gorham appeared to have been a very active member of the order during his lifetime, having attained the high rank of “Great Incohonee” within the Great Council of the United States at 1879 (Lindsay et. al., 1893).

The Louis H. Hollis collection was assembled to write the History of the Improved Order of Red Men by Morris H. Gorham, with additions by William G. Hollis (Philadelphia, 1884). Records of the order were gathered into the collection for research, and they include minute books from chapters in Pennsylvania, Maryland and New York state, member lists, account books, a scrapbook, and a small amount of correspondence, ephemera, and miscellanea. The collection also contains several manuscripts by Gorham that he made in preparation for his book on the history of the order.

The Hollis collection spans five boxes, one volume, and one item. It dates discretely from 1817 to 1902. While Gorham's manuscripts are all undated, they are attributed to the late 1870s to early 1880s. While some scattered information could been gleaned about the Hollis family from a few miscellaneous items, the collection primarily documents the history of the Improved Order of Red Men from its beginnings in 1813 to the 1880s, with scant information available up to 1902 in one of the membership books.