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Start Over Repository Swarthmore College Peace Collection Subject Conscientious Objectors -- United States -- History -- Sources Year 1945

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Igal Roodenko Papers, 1935-1991 (inclusive)

Extent:
3.3 linear ft. ((8 boxes))
Abstract:
Igal Roodenko was a pacifist, peace and civil rights activist, and advocate of nonviolence. He was a member of the War Resisters League Executive Committee, served on boards of A.J. Muste Memorial Institute and Consortium on Peace Research and Development (COPRED), and was active in Men of All Colors Together.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Bennett W. Andrews and Florence N. Andrews Papers, 1940-1950, 1979-1980 (inclusive)

Extent:
1.67 linear ft. (20 linear in.)
Abstract:
Bennett Andrews was an absolutist conscientious objector during World War II. He served a five year sentence Danbury Prison, a federal penitentiary, in Connecticut. There he worked in a number of positions in the prison. Bennett Andrews was released from prison on July 11, 1946 and received amnesty from President Truman in 1947. Florence Andrews (born in 1913) married Bennett on July 22, 1938. She was also a strong pacifist, who fully supported her husband's C.O. stance.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Harold Barton Collected Papers, 1944-1949 (bulk)

Extent:
1.2 linear ft. (15 linear inches)
Abstract:
In the early 1940s National Mental Health Foundation originated in 1944-1945 when Harold Barton and three associates, serving at Byberry State Hospital in Philadelphia (Pennsylvania), announced plans for a national campaign to improve the conditions in mental hospitals. The exposure of these conditions through the efforts of men serving in CPS, and their efforts to be a nonviolent presence in mental institutions, began a new movement in mental health care in the U.S. The National Mental Health Foundation still exists today as the National Mental Health Association.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Denny Wilcher Collected Papers, 1941-1946 (inclusive)

Extent:
1.29 linear ft. (15.5 linear in.)
Abstract:
This collection documents the experiences of Wilcher (and his friends), while in Civilian Public Service, and after he left CPS and was imprisoned at McNeil Island Federal Prison Camp.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Joseph C. Osborn Collected Papers, 1936-1986 (bulk)

Extent:
0.29 linear ft. (3.5 linear inches.)
Abstract:
Collection includes biographical information, correspondence, information about Osborn's academic work at Purdue University, 1936-1942, and about his draft orders and conscientious objection status; and information about Osborn's time in Civilian Public Service and CPS reunions in 1983 and 1986.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Raymond Binford and Helen Binford Collected Papers, 1941-1946 (inclusive)

Extent:
0.42 linear ft. (1 box)
Abstract:
Raymond Binford served as President of Guilford College, High Point, North Carolina, for 16 years before taking a leave of absence to become the director of Civilian Public Service Camp #19 (Buck Creek Camp, Marion, North Carolina) during World War II.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Norman J. Whitney Papers, 1938-1967 (inclusive)

Extent:
7.5 linear feet (7.5 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Norman Jehiel Whitney (1891-1967) was a Quaker teacher, writer and devoted peace worker. From 1919-1957 he helped establish, and directed for many years, the Syracuse Peace Council. He left Syracuse in 1957 to work for the American Friends Service Committee (AFSC) in peace education. Whitney's major peace work was in the area of counseling conscientious objectors to war (COs), particularly those in Civilian Public Service (CPS) camps. In 1941 he helped establish the New York State Board for Civilian Public Service, which attempted to counsel and assist Conscientious Objectors in New York state.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Civilian Public Service Union Records, 1944-1946 (inclusive)

Extent:
3.5 linear ft. (3.5 linear ft.)
Abstract:
The Civilian Public Service Union was organized at the beginning of 1944 in the CPS camp at Big Flats, New York. Men at other camps and units quickly joined the group. CPSU, a union for "drafted workers conscientiously opposed to war," was formed to provide an organized means of communication and group action among men in all sections of CPS and to combat the waste and injustice of the CPS system itself. Ralph C. Rudd served as chairman from late 1944 until CPSU was dissolved in early 1946.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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Civilian Public Service Personal Papers and Collected Materials, 1939- (inclusive)

Extent:
14 linear ft. (14 linear ft.)
Abstract:
Chiefly the personal papers of conscientious objectors assigned to Civilian Public Service (CPS) camps during World War II, such as correspondence, writings, memoirs, and reference material about CPS. Also included are records of or about various CPS camps and projects.

Held at: Swarthmore College Peace Collection [Contact Us]

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