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Ewart E. Turner Papers
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Held at: Temple University Libraries: Special Collections Research Center [Contact Us]
This is a finding aid. It is a description of archival material held at the Temple University Libraries: Special Collections Research Center. Unless otherwise noted, the materials described below are physically available in their reading room, and not digitally available through the web.
Overview and metadata sections
Ewart E. Turner (1904-1987) was born in East Smithfield, Pennsylvania, to W. Cleon B. and Madge Spurr Turner. In 1929, he married Martha Provine Leach. Turner was graduated from Cazenovia Seminary in 1922, Ohio Wesleyan University in 1926, and Boston University School of Theology in 1929. He received a doctorate in divinity in 1962 from Ohio Wesleyan University.
Turner spent a total of ten years in Europe around the time of World War II. From 1930 to 1934, he served as pastor of the American Church in Berlin. He reported on conditions under Hitler, 1935-1939, was in Germany at the outbreak of war, and returned as a correspondent for the Religious News Service and the Christian Century after the war to cover the Nuremberg trials. Turner interviewed many of Berlin's Jews after Germany's surrender and reported on re-education and religion in that country. Turner also did extensive research in South America during the war years to investigate Nazi penetration. He returned to the United States in January 1946.
During his time in Berlin, Turner became friends with Pastor Martin Niemöller (1892-1984), who had been imprisoned by the Nazis in the concentration camps at Sachsenhausen and Dachau. After the war, Niemöller became one of the leaders of the Evangelical Church in Germany and later joined the World Peace Movement. Speaking out on many worldwide political and social issues, Niemöller traveled in the United States on a speaking tour organized by Turner, around 1946-1947.
The Ewart E. Turner Papers contain materials created and collected by Turner over the course of his career. His papers contain research material from his work as a journalist, as well as correspondence and his own published work. This collection also contains a significant amount of material about Martin Niemöller, including records related to his tour of the United States, which was organized and managed by Turner. Related to this collection is a collection of books owned by Turner, also held by and cataloged separately in the Special Collections Research Center.
The collection is arranged into 4 series as follows:
- Series 1: Correspondence and research files, 1930-1988, undated
- Subseries 1.1: Correspondence, 1932-1988, undated
- Subseries 1.2: Research and writing, 1930-1980, undated
- Subseries 1.3: Subject files, 1932-1984, undated
- Subseries 1.4: Newspapers, 1934-1954, undated
- Series 2: Martin Niemöller files, 1915-1969, undated
- Subseries 2.1: Speeches by Martin Niemöller, 1943-1948, undated
- Subseries 2.2: United States trip, 1939-1964, undated
- Subseries 2.3: Reference files, 1915-1985, undated
- Series 3: Nazi ephemera and publications, 1941-1945, undated
Included in Marcia Sachs Littell's donation of the Franklin H. Littell Papers, 2010. Autograph Book given to Turner signed by his former congregation donated by the Quaint Book Shop, 2020.
Original audiovisual materials, as well as preservation and duplicating masters, may not be played. Researchers must consult use copies, or if none exist must pay for a use copy. Please contact the Special Collections Research Center for more information.
This collection acquired as part of the Franklin H. Littell Papers. Prior to arrival at the Special Collections Research Center, the Turner papers were used and reorganized by Littell. SCRC staff have generally maintained the arrangement of records as they arrived at the repository. Collection processed and finding aid prepared in November 2014 by Meredith DuVal Thomas, Student Worker. Additions to the collection made and finding aid updated in July 2018 by Katy Rawdon, Coordinator of Technical Services.
People
Organization
Subject
Place
- Publisher
- Temple University Libraries: Special Collections Research Center
- Finding Aid Author
- Machine-readable finding aid created by: Rajkumar Natarajan, Sky Global Services India (P) Ltd.
- Finding Aid Date
- December 2023
- Access Restrictions
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Collection is open for research.
- Use Restrictions
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The Ewart E. Turner Papers are the physical property of the Special Collections Research Center, Temple University Libraries. Intellectual property rights, including copyright, belong to the authors or their legal heirs and assigns. Researchers are responsible for determining the identity of rights holders and obtaining their permission for publication and for other purposes where stated.
Collection Inventory
Series 1: Correspondence and research files, contains materials created and collected by Turner. This series is arranged into four subseries: Subseries 1.1: Correspondence; Subseries 1.2: Research and writing; Subseries 1.3: Subject files; and Subseries 1.4: Newspapers.
Subseries 1.1: Correspondence, contains letters between Turner and various individuals primarily regarding his own written works. Additionally, this subseries contains extensive correspondence with both Martin and Else Niemöller, who commonly refer to themselves as "Vati" and "Mutti" Other correspondents include Samuel McCrea Cavert, as well as Eleanor Kent Browne and Henry Smith Leiper, both from the Universal Christian Council. While the majority of Turner's correspondence is concerning his own work and life, there is some discussion of Niemöller's accounts with correspondents, including with Paul Hutchinson in regard to Niemöller's conversion to Catholicism. This subseries is arranged alphabetically by correspondent's last name. Letters from unidentified correspondents can be found at the end of the series.
Subseries 1.2: Research and writing, contains Turner's writings and research notes. Included are copies of his published articles on the German church, Christianity in Germany, Adolf Hitler, Martin Niemöller, and the future of Germany after the war. Aside from his own work, this collection also includes pieces written by others with Turner's own reference notes. Additionally, there is a small number of photographic postcards collected during Turner's visits to Hitler "shrines." This subseries is arranged by title or description of item.
Subseries 1.3: Subject files, contains reference material collected by Turner over the course of his career. Materials include articles, clippings, carbon copies, and newsletters. This subseries also contains a collection of Otto Dieblius' writings, sermons, correspondence, and clippings pertaining to his work. This series is arranged alphabetically by the subject title.
vol. 3
Subseries 1.4: Newspapers, contains entire issues of newspapers from Germany, Britain, France, and the United States. Clippings can be found in Subseries 1.3, and Nazi-produced newspapers can be found in Series 3: Nazi ephemera and publications.
Series 2: Martin Niemöller files, contains materials primarily related to Niemöller's trip to the United States. This series is arranged into three subseries: Subseries 2.1: Speeches by Martin Niemöller, Subseries 2.2: United States trip, and Subseries 2.3: Reference files.
Subseries 2.1: Speeches by Martin Niemöller, contains copies of various speeches and addresses made by Niemöller during his tour in the United States. In addition to his speeches, this collection also contains copies of introductions delivered before Niemöller's addresses, as well as several copies of speeches given by his first wife, Else Niemöller. This subseries is arranged alphabetically by the title of each speech.
Subseries 2.2: United States trip, contains materials from the preparation for Niemöller's tour, as well as some materials collected during his tour. Document types include itineraries, trip finances, bulletins and promotional materials for Niemöller's addresses, news clippings, press comments, check sheets, and notes written during the tour. There is also a brief collection of correspondence regarding Niemöller's arrangements and schedule. In addition, there is a small section of stenographic reports of press conferences with Niemöller in Atlanta, New York, and Cleveland. This subseries is arranged alphabetically by type of document.
Subseries 2.3: Reference files contain materials not directly related to Niemöller's tour in the United States. These contents cover the time before and after the tour. Included are various articles and clippings that highlighting Niemöller. Some clippings featured include Newsweek, Time, and New York Herald Tribune. Topics covered in these articles range from the discussion of his farewell message to American people, to the relationship between Eleanor Roosevelt and Niemöller. Additionally, there clippings, articles, and obituaries from Niemöller's death in 1984. Aside from published material, this subseries also contains a small assortment of Niemöller's personal photographs. This subseries is arranged alphabetically by the description of contents.
Series 3: Nazi ephemera and publications, contains a group of "Winterhilfswerk badges" that were a part of an annual drive, Winterhilfswerk (WHW), run by the Nationalsozialistche Volkswohlfahrt (National Socialist People's Welfare Organization). Organized each winter to help finance charitable work, the badges were purchased by contributors to show that they had donated to the winter relief. The badges included in this subseries are crafted in metal, plastic, wood, and resin materials. Other materials in this series are Nazi-produced newspapers and ephemera, as well as an Adler Luftwaffenspiel World War II-era board game.