Main content
Cliosophic Society Records
Notifications
Held at: Princeton University Library: University Archives [Contact Us]
This is a finding aid. It is a description of archival material held at the Princeton University Library: University Archives. Unless otherwise noted, the materials described below are physically available in their reading room, and not digitally available through the web.
Overview and metadata sections
Consists of records of the Cliosophic Society (1770-1941). The material documents the growth and development of the second-oldest literary and debating society in the United States, from its inception in 1770, through its rivalry with the other campus literary organization, the Whig Society, to its final merger with Whig in 1941. Included in the records are minutes, treasurer's bills, committee documents, attendance rolls, membership lists, constitutions and by-laws, and publications.
The Records of the Cliosophic Society are divided into thirteen series, primarily by the officer or committee who generated the documents. They are:
The contents of the records were acquired in 1941 in an agreement between Princeton University and the Board of Trustees of the American Whig-Cliosophic Society. An attempt was made at organizing the records in 1975, but this report lacked certain archival necessities for organization.
This collection was processed by Douglas Ray in 1992. Finding aid written by Douglas Ray in 1992.
In the process of organizing the Clio records, several items were purposefully discarded. These included the attendance rolls, which were extremely repetitive, bulky, and uninformative. In addition, several checkbooks were discarded since the transactions were recorded in the treasurer's records. Also, several debate itineraries were discarded, while one was kept as a sample, since the information was recorded in the minutes.
Organization
Subject
- Publisher
- University Archives
- Finding Aid Author
- Douglas Ray
- Finding Aid Date
- 1997
- Access Restrictions
-
Collection is open for research use.
- Use Restrictions
-
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. For quotations that are fair use as defined under U. S. Copyright Law, no permission to cite or publish is required. The Trustees of Princeton University hold copyright to all materials generated by Princeton University employees in the course of their work. If copyright is held by Princeton University, researchers will not need to obtain permission, complete any forms, or receive a letter to move forward with non-commercial use of materials from the Mudd Library. For materials where the copyright is not held by the University, researchers are responsible for determining who may hold the copyright and obtaining approval from them. If you have a question about who owns the copyright for an item, you may request clarification by contacting us through the Ask Us! form.
Collection Inventory
Arranged according to subseries.
Physical Description35 boxes
This subseries consists of volumes detailing the activities of the society throughout its history. The final minutes were copied from the rough minutes and present a formal account of the proceedings of each meeting including the topics which were debated and any motions which were passed. The clerk changed several times a year during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and at the end of his term each clerk recorded the names of each undergraduate member of the society and the officers elected for the next term, as well as the amount of money in the treasury. Also, from circa 1840 to circa 1870 each clerk began his term with a title page stating his name and fictional name. Some clerks drew artwork on their title pages. Until 1862 each member is referred to both by his last name and by a fictional name which members were required to assume upon entering the society. The minutes also contain transcriptions of the letters from men who accepted honorary membership in the society, along with their signatures, which were cut out of the letters and pasted into the final minutes. The minutes from the twentieth century are much less detailed, reflecting a decline in the activities of the society.
Arranged chronologically.
Physical Description19 boxes
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
These are the minutes as they were first written, presumably while the meeting was still going on. They are less organized than the final minutes and are not as complete, but they were retained in the collection because they provide a more complete picture of some of the meetings, since they contain details that were expunged from the final minutes. For instance, in many cases they contain motions which were proposed but were defeated and consequently not included in the final minutes. The rough minutes also have the actual letters from men who accepted honorary membership pasted into them, except for the signatures, which were cut out of the letters and pasted into the final minutes. The book in box 39, folder 1, in Series II: Treasurer's Documents, contains rough minutes in the back, but was kept separate from the rest of the documents in this series because it is primarily a treasurer's document.
Arranged chronologically.
Physical Description15 boxes
1 box
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
This subseries contains the letters which were sent to the society. However, letters from honorary members have been left in the minutes where the clerk placed them, and letters to and from committees within the society such as the Clio Hall committee and the Debating committee are in the series which contain the other documents produced by those committees.
Arranged chronologically.
Physical Description1 box
1 folder
6 folders
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
2 folders
4 folders
2 folders
1 folder
These other documents produced by the clerk include several types of lists of members who performed certain Hall activities. Among these materials are the Appointments by Clerk, which is written in a kind of shorthand. One example of this is the notation "Dodd 1.24.D. 2.21.S." which means "Brother Dodd participated in a debate on January twenty-fourth and delivered a speech on February twenty-first". This subseries also contains a Proposition Book, in which, until 1862, members had to write any motions they wanted to propose before they could introduce them on the floor.
Arranged alphabetically by type of material.
Physical Description2 boxes
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
Arranged by subseries.
Physical Description18 boxes
No arrangement action taken or arrangement information not recorded at the time of processing.
Treasurer's Accounts (1810-1814, 1858-1931) - general balance sheets for the assets, income and expenditures of the society.
Physical Description2 boxes
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
These are individual accounts showing money paid by and paid to each member of the society. These frequently overlap in starting and ending dates because the treasurers usually tried to keep the entire account for each person in one book, so that seniors and juniors might be at the end of an old book, while a new book had to be started for the freshmen and sophomores.
Arranged chronologically.
Physical Description8 boxes
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 box
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 box
1 folder
No arrangement action taken or arrangement information not recorded at the time of processing.
Miscellaneous Records (1894-1908) - This subseries contains several different types of financial records, including the salaries paid to the officers of the society, the pool fund, and the library fund.
Physical Description1 box
1 folder
These are lists of the fines incurred by each member of the society. The Fine Lists are free sheets of paper, while the Fine Books are bound volumes.
Arranged chronologically.
Physical Description6 boxes
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
No arrangement action taken or arrangement information not recorded at the time of processing.
A record of the bills which the President of the Society ordered the treasurer to pay.
Physical Description1 box
1 folder
The receipts for cash transactions of the society were pasted into these books. They were retained in the collection because they provide the only financial information in regard to the Society for certain periods, particularly the 1840s and early 1850s. In addition, since many of the receipts are from the newspapers which the society ordered, they provide some idea of what the members were reading.
Arranged chronologically.
Physical Description2 boxes
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 box
This series contains the records produced by the undergraduate librarian of the society. During much of the nineteenth century the libraries of Whig and Clio were larger and more accessible to students than that of the College. The documents in the series include the financial and administrative records of the librarian, who was responsible for assessing the needs and desires of the members and determining what books and periodicals to order. The society periodically published a list of the holdings of the library, and these can be found in series XI - Publications. In addition, some of the financial records of the library during the periods 1894-1896 and 1900-1902 can be found in series II - Treasurer's Documents, in the subseries Miscellaneous Documents.
Arranged alphabetically by type of material.
Physical Description2 boxes
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
No arrangement action taken or arrangement information not recorded at the time of processing.
Series 4: Court of Appeals Documents (1877-1913) - arranged according to subseries. The court of appeals was a committee established by Clio in the last quarter of the nineteenth century and active until the early part of the twentieth century. It was responsible for maintaining order and dealing with discipline problems within the society, such as infractions of the rules of procedure, and in particular, dealing with absences. The subseries are:
Physical Description4 boxes
No arrangement action taken or arrangement information not recorded at the time of processing.
Attendance Rolls (1888) - The society printed up lists of its members which were used by the officers of the court of appeals to record who was present and who was not at each meeting. Since these were highly repetitive and not very informative, most of the rolls were removed from the collection and only one was retained as an example.
Physical Description1 box
1 folder
This subseries contains the books in which a member was required to write the reason that he would be absent from a meeting and a request that he be excused. The court would then read the requests and mark each of them Ap. (Appear) or Ex. (Excused).
arranged chronologically.
Physical Description2 boxes
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
These are the same types of materials which the clerk kept earlier in the nineteenth century: lists of those who delivered speeches and participated in debates.
Arranged chronologically.
Physical Description2 boxes
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
No arrangement action taken or arrangement information not recorded at the time of processing.
This book contains the minutes of the court, which consist primarily of the decisions of the cases which came before it.
Physical Description1 box
1 box
This series consists of a history of the society up to 1822 and the annual reports presented by the historian every year after that at the annual meeting of the hall. Some annual reports, particularly from 1890 onwards, either were never presented or were never copied into the Historian's records.
Arranged chronologically.
Physical Description3 boxes
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
This series contains the documents produced by the Clio Hall Committee, which was a committee of alumni members of the society responsible for constructing and furnishing a new building for the society in the 1890s. The majority of the material in this series is correspondence between the members of the committee and the contractors, other alumni of Clio, and among themselves. It also includes the minutes of the committee and their financial records among other items.
Arranged alphabetically.
Physical Description2 boxes
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
2 folders
1 folder
1 folder
9 folders
10 folders
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
Until the 1920s, the society did not have a board of trustees, but instead depended upon the active involvement of alumni on the faculty and at the annual meetings to provide stability and guidance for the society. By the 1920s it was obvious the society needed permanent guidance, so a board of trustees was organized. The records in this series reflect the period of the society's history when Whig and Clio merged into one undergraduate body but still maintained two separate graduate boards.
Arranged chronologically.
Physical Description1 box
6 folders
6 folders
1 folder
This series contains the documents generated by committees within Clio that did not last more than a few years and produced very little material.
Arranged alphabetically.
Physical Description1 box
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
This series contains the documents and other materials, such as ephemera, which did not fit into any other series. Among the documents in the subseries are resolutions passed by the society but not entered in the minutes and a partial key to the Clio Secret Cipher, which was a code for writing letters about Hall matters.
Arranged alphabetically.
Physical Description3 boxes
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 box
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 box
Arranged according to subseries.
Physical Description16 boxes
Membership lists are, as the name implies, lists of the members of the society during the specified period. The membership registers fulfill the same purpose, however these volumes contain the signatures of the members themselves, rather than a list prepared by one of the authors. The class lists are lists of members of individual classes prepared by one of the officers, and the class registers bear the same relationship to these as the membership registers bear to the membership lists.
Arranged chronologically.
Physical Description5 boxes
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
9 folders
3 folders
7 folders
2 folders
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
No arrangement action taken or arrangement information not recorded at the time of processing.
Constitutions and By-laws (1809-1938) - those volumes which are small enough to fit in a Hollinger box are arranged chronologically in those boxes, while volumes which were too large to fit in boxes are arranged chronologically separately from them. The constitutions and by-laws provided the structure and operating rules of the Society. The minutes record frequent minor amendments to the constitution made during the normal business meetings of the Society. These frequent amendments made it necessary to document the current version of the constitution. This subseries contains these formal recordings of the various versions of the constitution. Two versions of the constitution are in other series and subseries. The first is a constitution from 1824 in the Record Book subseries of General Documents. The second is a simplified constitution which was published in 1923 but was never adopted. Since it was never an active constitution it was put in the Publications series rather than here.
Physical Description10 boxes
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 box
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
No arrangement action taken or arrangement information not recorded at the time of processing.
This volume contains several different types of records including:
- A list of those Clios who received prizes from the college from 1828 to 1837, compiled in 1837.
- A list of the grades and class rank of the members of the class of 1839, compiled in 1839.
- A list of those who received honors from the society from 1782 to 1857, compiled from 1822 to 1857.
- A list of those who were honorably mentioned at the examinations of college from 1807 to 1843 compiled from 1822 to 1843. This list includes all students who received honors and indicates whether they were Whigs or Clios.
- A list of people who made donations of cash or books to the society from 1781 to 1839, compiled from 1819 to 1839.
- A Constitution and By-laws from 1824.
- A treaty, adopted in 1820 and amended in 1823.
- A list of the members of the Society from the classes of 1789 to 1846, compiled from 1825 to 1843. The list of members appears to have extended back to even earlier classes, but the first pages of the book appear to have been lost.
The source of the information in this book about events prior to 1802 is unknown, since it is believed that almost all the society's records were lost in the fire of that year.
Physical Description1 box
1 box
This series contains material documenting the activities between Whig and Clio before their de facto merger in 1928. Activities undertaken together between 1928 and 1941, when the merger became official are in the Records of the American Whig-Cliosophic Society, AC #11.
Arranged according to subseries.
Physical Description5 boxes
These documents regulated the relationships between the Halls and deal especially with the subjects of secrecy and recruitment of new members. The 1882 treaty can be found in oversized folder 89.
Arranged chronologically.
Physical Description1 box
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
These committees were appointed from time to time by the societies to investigate violations of the treaties between the societies and also to recommend amendments to the treaties. In the twentieth century, these committees also investigated possible changes in the roles of the Halls on the changing campus.
Arranged chronologically.
Physical Description1 box
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
The societies regularly jointly invited men of prominence to address joint sessions of the Halls. If they were particularly impressed with the speeches, they would request copies of the texts from the speakers and then would have them printed as pamphlets at their own expense. This subseries contains those pamphlets.
arranged chronologically
Physical Description2 boxes
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
This subseries contains the pamphlets and letters which the societies printed up in order to help the freshmen decide which society to join. They did this together so as to avoid electioneering by either society, which was prohibited in their treaties.
arranged chronologically
Physical Description1 box
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
15 folders
3 folders
1 folder
This subseries contains the programs from the prize debates and oratorical contests between the societies. These contests continued after the societies merged, and more programs can be found in the Records of the American Whig-Cliosophic Society.
arranged alphabetically
Physical Description2 boxes
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
20 folders
12 folders
This interhall committee was responsible for all intercollegiate debating for Princeton. This subseries consists mainly of the programs from the debates and the committee's financial records and correspondence.
Arranged alphabetically.
Physical Description3 boxes
1 folder
1 folder
7 folders
2 folders
7 folders
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
15 folders
2 folders
This series contains the materials published solely by the Cliosophic Society. Materials which were published jointly by Whig and Clio prior to 1928 can be found in Series XI: Joint Documents with Whig.
Arranged according to subseries.
Physical Description2 boxes
This subseries contains the lists of members of the Society which Clio periodically published. They contain all the members of the Society from 1765 to the date of publication. The 1896 catalogue has an index of all the members of the society listed in that catalogue.
Arranged chronologically.
Physical Description1 box
13 folders
This subseries contains the published lists of what was in the Hall library. The catalogues contain letter and number codes for each book which presumably formed some sort of location guide.
Arranged chronologically.
Physical Description1 box
8 folders
This subseries consists of the documents published by the Society for the purposes of commemorating significant events in its history and also for fund-raising.
Arranged chronologically.
Physical Description1 box
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
This subseries contains some of the diplomas issued to Clios when they graduated from the college. The diplomas from the eighteenth century are hand written. At the beginning of the nineteenth century the Society began to have the diplomas printed.
Arranged chronologically.
Physical Description1 folder
1 folder
1 folder
No arrangement action taken or arrangement information not recorded at the time of processing.
Physical Description1 folder
1 folder