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Cox-Parrish-Wharton papers
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Held at: Historical Society of Pennsylvania [Contact Us]1300 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19107
This is a finding aid. It is a description of archival material held at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. Unless otherwise noted, the materials described below are physically available in their reading room, and not digitally available through the web.
Overview and metadata sections
The Cox family of Burlington County, New Jersey, originated from one John Cox (circa 1641-circa 1724), thought to be from Gloucester, England, who immigrated to Bucks County, Pennsylvania, in the late 1680s. He later settled in Rancocous, New Jersey with his family. Cox's great-great grandson, John Cox (1755-1847), was a member of and preacher for the Society of Friends. Like many Quakers, he devoted much of his time to civil service and was particularly interested in helping maintain peaceful relations with the local Native American tribes. He married Ann Dillwyn (1755-1797) and they lived at a home in Burlington County that Ann had inherited from her father called "Oxmead." John and Ann had one daughter, Susan (or Susannah). John remarried after Ann died in 1797 and had one more daughter, Hannah. Susan Cox (1788-1851) went on to marry Philadelphia physician Dr. Joseph Parrish (1779-1840).
The Parrishes were a prominent Quaker family in Philadelphia, and many members were involved in relief or service organizations, such as the Pennsylvania Abolition Society. Joseph Parrish, son of Isaac Parrish of Baltimore, Maryland, and Sarah Mitchell of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, received a classical education in Philadelphia. He studied medicine under Dr. Caspar Wistar in 1800 and graduated from the University of Pennsylvania with a medical degree in 1805. He worked as a physician and surgeon at a number of local medical institutions and was a member of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia. He was also a member of the Society of Friends, as well as the Pennsylvania Abolition Society, of which he later was named president. He authored several publications on medical topics and contributed to the North American Medical and Surgical Journal.
Joseph and Susan Parrish had a large family of three daughters and eight sons (one of whom died as a child). Among their progeny were Dillwyn Parrish (1809-1889), great-grandfather of celebrated artist Maxfield Parrish; Joseph Parrish (1811-1891), a physician who worked mosly in New Jersey and served with the United States Sanitary Commission during the Civil War; and Edward Parrish (1822-1872) who, most notably, helped establish Swarthmore College. One of their daughters, Susanna Dillwyn Parrish (1827-1915), married into another old Philadelphia family, the Whartons. Her husband, Rodman Wharton (1820-1854), worked as a merchant and for a time was in business with his brother Joseph.
The Cox-Parrish-Wharton papers span two centuries and are housed in nineteen boxes and thirty-two volumes. The collection primarily highlights the religious, humanitarian, social, and economic influence of the Quakers in America during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Included are numerous documents and correspondence pertaining to Indian relations and the abolition of slavery. Of particular interest are the founding documents of the Pennsylvania Abolition Society, which include early minutes of the 1770s that contain details on which members of the community were still holding illegal African-American and Indian slaves and indentured servants. Much of the correspondence is personal in nature and provides some insight into Quaker family life. Papers of the Cox and Parrish families dominate the collection; however, there are also scattered, mainly late nineteenth century letters to and from members of the Wharton family.
The collection is arranged into eight series. The first three series are devoted to papers and correspondence of John Parrish (circa 1689-1745) of Maryland; John and Ann Cox of Oxmead, New Jersey; and Dr. Joseph and Susan (Susannah) Parrish of Philadelphia, respectively. Series 4 is a collection of alphabetically arranged papers and letters, the majority of which are addressed to John Cox or members of the Pemberton family. Series 5 and 6 contain a variety of printed documents, images, old deeds and certificates on parchment, and clippings. Series 7 contains a small assortment of papers from the Friendly Association of Philadelphia. The final series is made up of bound volumes from members of the Cox, Parrish, and Dillwyn families. There are also number of miscellaneous volumes such as school books and scrapbooks on Quaker history.
I. John Parrish, 1704-1807, undated; 2 boxes
II. John and Ann Cox, 1781-1844; 4 boxes
III. Dr. Joseph and Susan Parrish, 1769-circa 1879; 2 boxes
IV. Alphabetical papers, 1700-1900; 7.5 boxes
V. Printed materials, 1738-1864; 0.5 boxes
VI. Graphics, 1764-1899; 1 box
VII. Friendly Association papers, 1751-1776; 1 box
VIII. Volumes; circa 1719-1879; 1 box, 32 volumes (some volumes in box)
Gift of Mrs. Rodman Wharton and Miss Susan Wharton, 1914.
The Quaker scrapbooks (Volume 27, numbers 1-3) were formerly catalogued under the number Am .12780.
Some folder titles in the lists that follow contain references to the "A. A. Guide" -- these numbers correlate to those found in the guide Afro-Americana, 1553-1906: author catalog of the Library Company of Philadelphia and the Historical Society of Pennsylvania (call number INDEX Z 1361.N39 P48 1973), copies of which are available in HSP's library.
People
- Bacon, Job, b. 1768.
- Barclay, David.
- Bringhurst, John, d. 1795.
- Cox, Ann.
- Cox, John, 1758-1832.
- Dillwyn family.
- Emlen, Samuel, 1789-1828.
- Fothergill, John, 1712-1780.
- Hill, Hannah Lloyd Delaval, b. ca. 1674.
- Lightfoot, Benjamin, 1726-1777.
- Logan, William.
- Madison, Dolley, 1768-1849.
- Mifflin, George, d. 1785.
- Mitchell family.
- Parrish, Isaac, 1735-1826.
- Parrish, John, 1729-1807.
- Parrish, Susannah Cox, 1788-1851.
- Pemberton, Israel, 1715-1779.
- Pemberton, James, 1723-1809.
- Pemberton, John., 1727-1795
- Penn, William, 1644-1718.
- Rodman, John.
- Vaux, Roberts, 1786-1836.
- Wharton family.
- Wilkinson, Thomas.
Organization
Subject
- Indians, Treatment of--North America
- Meteorology--Observations
- Quakers--Pennsylvania--18th century
- Slavery
- Weather
Place
- Publisher
- Historical Society of Pennsylvania
- Finding Aid Author
- Finding aid prepared by Cary Majewicz.
- Finding Aid Date
- ; 2011
- Sponsor
- Processing made possible by generous donations from Shelia Bodine, Mary Dugan, and Donna J. Rilling.
- Access Restrictions
-
The collection is open for research.
Collection Inventory
This first series contains correspondence and writings primarily concerning John Parrish's work among the Indians. There is a contemporary copy of "An Indian's answer to a Swedish missionary, 1704" (Box 1, Folder 1), as well as an 1805 address to slaveholders in America (Box 2, Folder 5). There is a folder of prose and poetry from one Richard Nesbit (Box 1, Folder 20), and the rest of the material consists of correspondence and other documents. Prominent correspondents include George Churchman; John Forman; Isaac Foster; Samuel and Gerard Hopkins; the Nesbit family; Edward, George, and Isaac Parrish; John Pemberton; James Simpson; and Robert Willis.
This small series contains the papers and correspondence of John and Ann Cox of Oxmead, Burlington County, New Jersey. The vast majority of the letters are between the Coxes and son-in-law and daughter Dr. Joseph and Susan Cox Parrish of Philadelphia, but there is also correspondence between John and Ann, and between the Coxes and other family members and friends. The papers are mostly personal in nature with occasional references to business or current events.
The papers and letters of Dr. Joseph Parrish and his wife Susan (Susannah) Cox Parrish span from the 1760s to the 1840s. Many of Dr. Parrish's letters concern his medical practice and theories and incoming ones are often from people asking for advice on particular ailments or treatments. In addition to correspondence, there are also testimonials and tributes to Dr. Parrish (Box 18, Folders 12 and 18). The letters of Susan Parrish are in the mixed correspondence files (most of Boxes 7 and 8) and they mainly concern family matters.
This series of collected papers is akin to an autograph collection except that the papers appears to have been collected for their subject matter rather than their signatures. Each item or group of items is arranged alphabetically by author. ("Anonymous" or "miscellaneous" papers are filed alphebtically under those titles.) Recipients that could easily be identified are noted in the box and folder list below. Overall, the papers tend to be correspondence, however there are also bills, receipts, wills, legal documents, lists, essays, and notes. Note that some folder titles contain references to the A. A. Guide -- these numbers correlate to those found in the guide Afro-Americana, 1553-1906 (call number INDEX Z 1361.N39 P48 1973), copies of which are available in HSP's library.
While individual letters make up much of the series, many of which are written to John Cox of Oxmead or members of the Pemberton family, there are larger groups of correspondence for several people including George and Ann Dillwyn (Box 10, Folders 33-36), Susan (Susanna) Emlen (Box 10, Folders 54-64), Ann(e) Parrish (Box 13, Folders 18-22), Dillwyn Parrish (Box 13, Folders 24-28), Isaac Parrish (Box 13, Folders 33-35), and Susanna Vaux (Box 15, Folders 60-62). Additionally, there is a significant group of papers from the Pennsylvania Abolition Society (Box 14, Folders 22-26), as well as petitions concerning slavery that were brought before Congress (Box 15, Folders 52-54). While there is some personal correspondence throughout, overwhelmingly the papers in this series concern the Society of Friends and their interests in the abolition of slavery and Indian relations.
Box 14, folder 22: List of vessles cleared out from Rhode Island to Africa, 1784 [A. A. Guide #3270]
Box 14, folder 23: Papers, 1794-1795 [including A. A. Guide #3311, 3314]
Box 14, folder 24: Papers, 1796 [including A. A. Guide #3317, 3318, 3319]
Box 14, folder 25: Papers, 1797 [including A. A. Guide #3321]
Box 14, folder 26: Papers, undated
Taking up the remainder of Box 16 is this small series of printed items, including mainly broadsides and pamphlets, as well as a few miscellaneous receipts and maps. Most of the materials pertain to issues regarding the Society of Friends and the abolition of slavery. Items include a broadside entitled "Contraband Slave Trade" (Box 16, folder 45), a 1755 printed list of the Company of Merchants Trading to Africa (Box 16, Folder 48), several pamphlets on slavery including one from England (Box 16, Folder 58), and a bill put before the U. S. Congress to amend an act pertaining to fugitive slaves from 1801 (Box 16, folder 60).
The prints and photographs in this series include those of prominent Quakers, local buildings and scenes, and cartoons and caricatures of Quakers. Among some of the prints are also a few original documents. While the prints of portraits (Box 17, Folder 3-5) tend to show identified subjects, the photographs of portraits (Box 17, Folder 8) are a mix of indentified and unidentified people. Some of the Quaker caricatures (Box 17, Folder 2) are in German (translations provided in folder) and most depict members of the faith in an unfavorable light. The remaining three folders (Box 17, folders 9-11) in the series contain a miscellaneous selection of certificates and deeds on parchment, a few images of and related to North American Indians, and clippings.
The papers of the Friends Association of Philadelphia, also called the "Friendly Association," take up the contents of Box 18. At fourteen folders it is a small series that is nonetheless rich with information about the Quakers and their concern for the welfare of Native Americans. There are letters (Box 18, Folder 3), minutes of the organization (Box 18, Folders 10-11), and lists of contributors (Box 18, Folders 5-9). Other interesting documents include a petition concerning peace measures with the Native Americans (Box 18, Folder 2) and a list of good supplied to them (Box 1, Folder 13).
Richard Peters to Committee of Friendly Association (25 January 1757)
Lord Loudoun to Governor Derry (5 May 1757)
Susannah Wright to Dr. Reiger (1764)
Sir William Johnson to Joseph Galloway (22 January 1768)
The volumes in the collection are an assortment of personal and financial items, most of which belonged to members of the Parrish, Dillwyn, or Cox families. There are bound notes from John Parrish regarding the Society of Friends (Volume 4) and his thoughts on African Americans (Volume 5). Several volumes are commonplace or sentiment books from Dillwyn Parrish (Volume 12), Susanna Parrish (Volume 13), and Sukey Dillwyn (Volume 22). Also included are diaries from John Cox (Volume 23, Numbers 1-4) that include detailed weather observations, presumably from the Oxmead, New Jersey, area from the years 1808 to 1846. One volume is a medical notebook from Dr. Joseph Parrish (Volume 9) that contains his thoughts and discourses on physiology. There are also several volumes that are not attributed to a particular individual, such as school notebooks (Volume 25, Numbers 1-3), a "medley on religous subjects" (Volume 26), and a volume of "anecdotes, witticisms, etc. of members of the Society of Friends" (Volume 32). The scrapbooks on Quaker history (Volume 27, numbers 1-3), which may have been compiled by Samuel Parrish, are particularly unique and contain numerous images, clippings, and original documents from Friends as well as notable individuals of the time, such as William Penn.