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The collection of Beulah Hurley Waring and Alston Waring, New Hope, PA

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Held at: Haverford College Quaker & Special Collections [Contact Us]370 Lancaster Ave, Haverford, PA 19041

This is a finding aid. It is a description of archival material held at the Haverford College Quaker & Special Collections. Unless otherwise noted, the materials described below are physically available in their reading room, and not digitally available through the web.

Overview and metadata sections

P. Alston Waring (1895-1978) was a member of Solebury (PA) Monthly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends. Early in his life he traveled in Europe and the Far East. During his travels he met Beulah Hurley and they later married. A soil conservationist, he worked to restore and preserve the farmlands of the valley where he lived. He established a nature education program for school students and teachers. He was the author of books, article, letters to friends and to editors, as well as a fine photographer. (Friends Journal 24 (Aug 1/15 1978): 24) Waring also traveled with his wife to Eastern Europe and India to give aid to the poor and work with the American Friends Service Committee. It is believed that the photographs in the section under his name were taken by Waring. (Internal evidence)

Beulah Hurley Waring (1886-), a Quaker, attended Columbia Teachers College and taught at State Teachers College in Newark. She apparently taught at a Friends School in Philadelphia prior to working for the American Friends Service Committee/ Friends War Victims Relief Committee and Anglo-American Friends Mission/ American Red Cross during and after World War I, especially with the child feeding program. She applied for a position to work as a nurse's aid in Chalon, France in 1917. She was sent to France in 1918 and became the head of the section to provide food and shelter for victims of the war. In 1921, she was among the first American women to enter Russia under the American Relief Administration, though members of the AFSC (Nancy Babb, Miriam West and Murray Kenworthy) entered with her, and, indeed, Anna Haines had come in 1917. (In 1921, Herbert Hoover, then head of the American Relief Administration persuaded Congress to appropriate $20 million for food aid to Russia, a feat when Americans feared a Communist takeover and thousands were arrested on suspicion of being Communists). Hurley, along with Miriam West, carried the entire responsibility for relief of 200,000 starving people. The area in which she worked, Buzuluk, in the heart of the Russian steppe, was demarcated as the Quaker service area. When rations came, by train, they were delivered to a warehouse, then assigned on the basis of population and need. Hurley was made Field Director in 1922. In 1922, Hurley developed typhoid fever. In March 1922, Robert Dunn, a journalist, whose writings also appear in this collection, arrived to take over publicity work. Harry and Rebecca Timbres also arrived that spring. Beulah was made field director in May, after Murray Kenworthy left to return to the States. She m. Alston Waring in 1928, with whom she had children. (Sources: Some Form of Peace / by Marvin R. Weisbord; letter, Sept. 8, 1918; The Friend April 6, 1922; NYTimes, Nov. 25, 1921; Sunday Times Advertiser, Trenton, NJ, Mar. 2, 1969)

The collection is divided into two parts: the work of Beulah Hurley (later Waring) (1896-) primarily conveyed through correspondence, but also some photographs; and the photographs of P. Alston Waring (1895-1978). Although there is no statement by the creator, it is assumed that Waring was the creator.

The correspondence begins in 1918 when Quaker Beulah Hurley went to France to provide relief in war-torn areas, such as Sermaize. Her job consisted of assisting in providing food aid to the starving population under the direction of Friends' War Victims Relief Committee. In 1919, Hurley moved around Europe, including to Austria and Germany, where she was put in charge of equipment, working for the American Friends Service Committee. In 1920, she made note of the Russo-Polish conflict and continued her description of her duties and a conference she attended. In 1921, she continued doing relief work in Poland, and received papers for work to continue in Russia. In 1922, already posted in Russia, in the Buzuluk district of Sorochinskoye, she kept a day book containing precise numbers of people assisted and food, medicine and transportation. She also documented her own living conditions.

Some of Hurley's correspondents were also Quakers in Europe assisting in the post-war relief effort, such as Francis Bacon, Anna Haines and Murray Kenworthy. There is a folder of letters from Alston Waring beginning in 1926-28, spiritual in nature, but also about the relationship with Beulah Hurley, which culminated in their marriage in 1928.

P. Alston Waring (1895-1978) was also a Quaker. The photographs comprising volumes I-XII are assumed to all be by Waring. Some of them are professional, others are snapshots. Each volume consists of photographs from a particular geographic area, and the numbers for each volume are given. Volume I contains photographs of local scenery and architecture taken in Europe in 1922; Volume II contains photographs of scenery and people in the Middle East, Greece and Egypt; Volumes III-V contain photographs of scenery, people, sites, and architecture in India; Volume VI contains photographs of people, scenery, streetscapes, architecture and the Great Wall of China; Volume VII contains photographs of people and sites in Paris, Vienna, Eastern Europe, and Russia, 1918-22, the latter including images of a food caravan; Volume VIII contains photographs of scenery, architecture, and people in California, 1915; Volume IX contains photographs of Central America and California; Volume X contains photographs of India in 1923; Volume XI contains photographs of India and elsewhere; Volume XII contains photographs of India when Beulah Hurley Waring accompanied him in 1952-54, including images of well-digging, tree-planting, Indian daily life, medical clinic, people (including Beulah), ceremonies, projects, the Dalai Lama, and Mohandas Gandhi (1869-1948).

Chapter 3: "Famine on the Steppe" is about Beulah Hurley's work for the American Friends Service Committee in Russia from late 1921-1922.

Alston Waring's younger brother was a teacher of Bliss' husband, Richard. The donor, Ann Bliss, discovered these papers in her house.

Gift of Ann Bliss, 2010.

Processed by Diana Franzusoff Peterson and Janela Harris.

Publisher
Haverford College Quaker & Special Collections
Finding Aid Author
Diana Franzusoff Peterson and Janela Harris
Access Restrictions

This collection is open for research use.

Use Restrictions

Standard Federal Copyright Law applies (U.S. Title 17)

Copyright restrictions may apply. Please contact the Archives with requests for copying and for authorization to publish, quote or reproduce the material.

Collection Inventory

Container Summary

There is one letter from 1917, but bulk of letters begins in 1918

1918. 1 folders.
Box 1
Scope and Contents

Letters begin in March 1918 primarily to her parents as she sets sail to France to work for the Society of Friends, Friends' War Victims Relief Committee and describe her work and life, including French lessons, and other personnel, as well as occasional descriptions of the area in which she is working and life outside her own work, interspersed with some snapshots and some sketches.

Highlights of the letters include:

1918 4/15. Will be assisting with feeding and finding temporary places for incoming refugees; her destination is Sermaize

1918 4/18. Description of process of distributing food, workforce

1918 5/26. Description of some days' work

1918 7/23. Writing from Troyes describing work to assist English wounded and receiving aid; list of shortages

1918 8/18. One reason for taking on the work was to avoid marrying someone she didn't really love

1918 8/25. Mission has a concern for the effect on them of the merging of the Red Cross Civilian and military forces

1918 9 or 10. Lengthy description of area near Chamounix and a climbing trip

1918 11/16. Description of events after the end of war.

1918 12/2. Pres. Wilson and politics

Physical Description

1 folders

1919. 2 folders.
Box 1
Scope and Contents

A continuation of her work as a member of the Anglo-American Friends Mission/American Red Cross participants of the AFSC, her letters to her parents are dated from Romilly and other locations in France, later Grange, Paris, Dombasle, Ardennes, Vienna, Germany, etc.

Several references to the effects of war, personnel, sightseeing, beginning of Reconstruction work and a sense of the writer's personality and convictions, as well as her take on other relief workers.

Also, a guest book of the AFSC unit, Romilly-sur-Seine, 1918 kept by Dorothy North and Hurley.

Also "Notes on survey made in autumn 1919 by Vincent Nicholson and Beulah Hurley before going home in Dec.: Poland, Austria, Hungary, Czechosovakia" and a diary, March 1918-April 1919.

And the First report on 1919 survey into Central Europe to take back to Philadelphia

Highlights include:

1919 1/19. Description of how the group lives

1919 2/16. Fed and housed over eighty the previous evening

1919 3/2. "The Germans of that sector are much delighted to have our men there rather than the other Allies who have a heavier score to settle..." Encloses bread coupons; situation in Russia; re Dorothy North, delegate of the Women's Peace Party to the Hague Conference and a member of the Mission earlier

1919 5/11. Musings on some provisions of the peace and how they affect Germany

1919 2/19. The answer to war is to find a big constructive piece of work, as big as the destructive one of war

Thomas, L.R. Paris to Beulah Hurley. 1919 3/10. Offering her the position of heading the equipment division

1919 4/6. Reflects on her new job

1919 8/18. Battle over vegetables in the marketplace due to their high price

1919 9/12. Reflections on politics and the use of German prison labor due to a shortage in their own personnel

1919 9/15. Escape of prisoners from 3 camps near Varenne; continuation of some political insight

1919 9/28. Describes the room where she is living

1919 10/5. Has been recommended to work for AFSC in Vienna

1919 10/30. Main weight of work should be to provide emergency relief work in Central Europe; list of all relief the agencies and their responsibilities, and the idea that there should be a pooling of all of them to increase efficiency; detailed description of what she saw while traveling and a great deal of additional commentary

1919 11/11. Comments on specific aspects of providing relief, e.g. coal, food, milk, clothing, medical supplies

Physical Description

2 folders

1920. 1 folders.
Box 1
Scope and Contents

Beginning in July, letters to her parents relate her travel home to the U.S., including stop in London; several snapshots included

Highlights include:

1920 8/9. Information about a man named Sidney who worked with her Mission, but was bent on aiding humanity

1920 10/20. Although no location is given, BH is in Germany and mentions William Albright and locations of several other Friends in Europe

undated, but likely 1920 October. A review of a typical day's events and food; also references to the Russo-Polish War with the Poles attempting to return to an 18th-century boundary and destruction of Minsk; a detailed and long letter

1920 12/19. Traveled to Berlin to attend the Quaker conference; at the Eves met Madame Lomonosov, wife of the head of the Railway Dept. in Soviet Union, who had held the post in Czarist, then Kerensky's and now Soviet times; has seen and assisted Fred Libby

Physical Description

1 folders

1921. 1 folders.
Box 1
Scope and Contents

The letters begin with Hurley's arrival in Vienna and proceed to the earlies days in Russia, but with a great deal of detail about people and places:

Highlights include:

1921 5/8. Wilbur Thomas and Rufus Jones to sail for London, and one thing to be decided will be whether or not to continue commissionership; would like to be posted in Russia, Poland or Austria, and is not sure how valuable is what she personally is providing (not the job itself)

1921 4/5. on Germany: the course of the future of Germany and even Europe is whether France is joined by US to choke Germany or allow it to go to work

1921 4/13. Adolf Schwindt, formerly editor of the German Arts and Crafts magazine was a guest. He had fought in the war, but as it was against his convictions -- much like Barbusse and Romain Rolland -- he resigned his commission, and when he could not be convinced, authorities sent him home, as if mad, where he discovered others in the same situation. He was not imprisoned or shot because, as he stated, he was an officer and was well known. The idea of a future war with France is common among young men who have not seen much service, and of course, the pacifist stance is not popular with them.

1921 4/26. Description of areas near the Rhine, followed by a conference and political inclinations of France, in the same way that it took Morocco

1921 5/12. Differences in the way English and Americans think could lead to problems and America needs a fair-minded man as ambassador to England -- and Harvey is not such a man. Wilson's 14-point peace plan was just a ruse to get us disarmed; the Germans "will not be cured by the treatment [steep penalties] they are getting

1921 5/25 and 5/31. Detailed reports attached

Vienna, 1921 10/17. The American Relief Commission is feeding several thousand school- age children, but not tiny ones. The former prosperous middle class is wiped out and there remain the rich, including profiteers. The government is conservative and too weak to carry out decrees, but the socialists are strong enough to put through measures. Exchange worsening all the time. British Food Mission doing excellent work in feeding some groups; 500 children had been sent to Sweden and Switzerland (for improved living conditions?)

1921 11/17. AFSC certification for Beulah Hurley to transfer her work to Russia with an accompanying testimonial acknowledging she would continue her work and had the right to purchase train tickets and receive appropriate assistance in Russia

1921 12/26- 1922 1/3. A digest of activities for the week

Physical Description

1 folders

Scope and Contents

This folder refers to the time Beulah Hurley was in Russia detailing efforts to provide food and other relief. Her letters continue to be historical and descriptive documents.

Highlights include:

1922 1/19. Food for relief came from Tashkent; description of train ride to and from Buzuluk and Sorochinskoye and various other relief workers

1922 1/21. Description of a typical day, including of some of the relief workers

1922 telegram to William Hurley reporting that Hurley has typhus, though by 8 April, she writes herself proclaiming herself well, and reporting again on food and other shortages

1922 7/15. Describes visit to Moscow, including cultural events and then relief efforts and statistics

1922 5/1. In Moscow during May Day festivities. On Red Square, army reviews and Trotski commended their efforts and successes; then came groups of factory workers, clubs, Cossacks, Anarchists, Communists

1922 5/12. Lenin inquired about one of their relief workers who had typhus

1922 5/19. Expect to be feeding 150,000 a month soon

1922 7/15. Report on the feeding effort by Field Director Beulah Hurley

1922 9/-. Proposed agreement between AFSC and Russian government for continuing work in Russia, with specifics outlines

1922 9/15. Continuing famine and need for continued relief efforts, but with work from recipients in return

1922? Copy of a translation of a memorandum concerning the future work of all foreign relief organizations in Russia (including AFSC) written by K. Lander, the acting representative plenipotentiary RSFSR

Physical Description

1 folders

Sorochinskoye Day book, June 23-Sept 2, 1922. 1 folders.
Scope and Contents

Precise numbers of people assisted and food, medicine and transportation, in addition to details of other events

Physical Description

1 folders

Postcards from Austria, France, Germany, Russia and Switzerland. 2 folders.
Box 2
Scope and Contents

Post cards are often in numbered sets written by Beulah Hurley from the various places where she was posted. The greatest number is from Germany. In addition, there are postcards from Hurley's colleagues to Hurley and several blank cards

Physical Description

2 folders

Photographs from Germany, Hungary and Austria, 1920-1921. 1 folders.
Box 2
Scope and Contents

Primarily snapshots of people, presumably with whom Hurley worked

Physical Description

1 folders

Essays by Robert A. Dunn and Beulah Hurley. 1 folders.
Box 3
Scope and Contents

These essays were written while Hurley was in Russia, as they were in a folder with her letters from Russia in 1922, but most of them were written by Robert A. Dunn.

Titles include:

Samara, August 1922

News from Novo-Sergeevskaya

The Harvest of Grass

Buying Horses for Buzuluk

The Winter in Kluchevskaya

From a Car Window

The Gleaners

Driftwood

A Tartar Church

A Tartar Village

"Who Gives Himself..."

A Russian Garden

Spring Cleaning in Russia

From the Office Window

Physical Description

1 folders

Letters to Beulah Hurley from others in the field in Russia or about Russian work. 1 folders.
Box 3
Scope and Contents

Letter writers include: American Friends Service Committee (Francis Bacon and Wilbur Thomas), Anna Haines, Moscow [AFSC] workers, Russian Reconstruction Farms, Inc., Till?

Also includes: ticket allowing access to Red Square for the 1st May celebration, ca. 1922

Highlights include:

AFSC (F. Bacon). Berlin, 1922 1/10. According to a Dr. Dickinson, despite what the liberal media has written, no one within Russia believes in the idealistic intentions of the new government, and even Lenin is subject to the dictation of the N.G.P.U. Of course, when times are difficult, powers that be are generally unpopular.

AFSC (W. Thomas). Philadelphia, 1925 4/20. Apparently in response to Hurley's interest in returning to Russia

Haines, Anna. Russia, 1921-26. Many details of life and work.

Kenworthy, Murray. Riga, Latvia [ca. December 1921?]. Copy. Details of crossing the border between Latvia and Russia; while some have noted that the hardships are too great in Russia for women, there are already AFSC women in place in Russia.

Physical Description

1 folders

Letters to Beulah Hurley not from Russia. 2 folders.
Box 3
Scope and Contents

Letter writers include:

Blanche, Chester, Ed, Lydia, C. Burwell Olds, Ethel Potts, Harry Timbres, Pierre/Peter A./Alston Waring, Charles Waring and David Waring.

Note: There are a few letters directed to Alston Waring in 1928 relating to his marriage to Beulah and one from "Bob" to "Folks." The preponderance of letters is from Pierre or Peter, which are names Alston Waring uses, written in 1926 and 1928. His letters are greatly about spirituality and the need to be guided by God as well as a wide reading of books and touch on the issue of depression which afflicts them both, as well as love.

Highlights include:

Pierre/Peter A./Alston Waring, 1926-1928; 1940. 1 folder:

1928 8/29. need to discover meaning of life through religion

1928 8/31. proposes that they go to the Midi (France) together

1928 8/30. the good life is not just economic equality and social justice, but "Christianizing the social order"

1928 9/12. discussion of their marriage ceremony

1942 2/9. refers to an injury she has sustained which broke her nose

Physical Description

2 folders

Letters to Beulah from father, William Hurley, 1935. 1 folders.
Box 3
Scope and Contents

Letters were all written in 1935 from various places, including travel in Alaska

Physical Description

1 folders

Letters to Beulah from father, William Hurley, 1937- 1940, 1942. 1 folders.
Box 3
Physical Description

1 foldersWritten from Denver, Colorado

Miscellaneous material. 1 folders.
Box 3
Scope and Contents

Diary entries for 1938 or later and thoughts based on the work of Einstein and Z.N. Hurston / by Beulah H. Waring. Letters to Alston Waring on the occasion of his marriage to Beulah Hurley

Physical Description

1 folders

Scope and Contents

This series includes boxed and foldered photographs that are mostly conserved in plastic sheets, although some are in envelopes. If there were notes originally with the photos or albums, they are also included in the folders, although some were written directly onto the old albums, and were not kept.

Complete descriptions of the contents of each volume, as well as transcriptions of all the notes, are included in the box with that volume.

All of the item extents are approximations.

Physical Description

1 boxes

Volume I: Europe. 200 items.
Box 4 Folder 1-2
Arrangement

This album was originally titled "The Journey of my Youth - 1922 and 1923. Europe, the Middle East, and India and China." There were blank pages after sheets 16 and 33.

Scope and Contents

This album/volume contains c. 200 unidentified photos, mostly of local scenery, architecture, and some candid shots of people in the streets.

There is also one note, which is no longer entirely accurate, but reads:

My friend Melvin Brorby and I left Paris in the summer of 1922 to explore Germany and the countries of central Europe. We attended the second Assembly of the League of Nations in Geneva, went to the Saar Valley while it was under the government of the League; were present at the great economic conference at Rapallo, stayed quite a while in Florence and generally discovered Italy. Took a cargo boat down the Dalmatian coast to Athens. There followed a whole wonderful discovery of Greece, Constantinople at the very end of the Turkish-Greek war, the coast of Asia Minor, and so to Damascus and Palestine, then under British Mandate Egypt, and by cargo boat on which we stowed away from Post Said to Bombay. In India we remained a full year, a year too full to relate here, but some notion of this can be had from the three books of photographs in this collection. Finally, we left India in January 1924 to return to America by way of Burma, Singapore, China and Japan. The pictures of this part of our adventures are in one volume altogether.

[This same note also specified that the photographs were in Six Volumes, which is no longer true as there are twelve volumes, but gave the titles of the volumes as: "Europe 1922," "The Middle East and Greece, Egypt," 3 volumes titled "India," and "Burma, Singapore, China and Japan."]

Physical Description

200 items

Volume II: The Middle East, Greece, Egypt. 330 items.
Box 4 Folder 3-4
Arrangement

This volume is a combination of two physical albums. The first one is now the first 29 pages, the second is now pages 30-54.

Scope and Contents

The first album in this volume contained c. 170 photos, and had the following description:

Egypt: sphinxes, people Greece Shipboard (no identifications)

These photos are mainly of scenery, including sphinxes and architecture, as well as people, candid and portraits; there are also many pictures taken on a steamboat, the S.S. Nile. The last 3 pages appear to be after a return home, not located in Egypt at all.

The second album held c. 160 photos, and had the following description:

Snapshots in Middle East: views and people (no identifications)

This half contains many of the same subjects: scenery, including ancient Egyptian sites, people, and local architecture.

Physical Description

330 items

Volume III: India. 290 items.
Box 4 Folder 5-6
Arrangement

This album was originally named "Brahmaputra in Himalayas." It was separated into six parts, each part introduced by a note about the location at which the following photos were taken.

Scope and Contents

Each part to this album began with a note about the location where the photos in that part were taken.

Part A contains c. 60 unidentified photos, mostly of scenery and people.

Note: A. The Valley of the Brahmaputra Out of the high Himalayas the Brahmaputra sweeps into Assam, giving it life and sustenance. Along its banks, from Dibrugarh to Goalundo, rice and jute and tea are grown to be sent to the far corners of the world, and thatch gatherers sit in the late evening singing their songs. Tiny boats of every description drift by hundreds on the broad bosom of the river, and the countless folk who live in thatched houses and raise their little plots of mustard, are chiefly busy with thoughts of crops and thoughts of babies, with the realities of life. The Temple of Kamakhya, where the goddess Kali is worshipped, looks down from its high hill upon a beautiful city of Gauhati, the City of Eastern Astrology, where now there is a University. Here is the center of the intellectual life of the province. The valley of the Brahmaputra is broad and very flat. During flood season the river often reaches a width of nine to ten miles, while in the winter it recedes and becomes very shallow. In modern days there is a good steamboat service all the way to Calcutta, and a railroad connects the very northeast corner with Bengal and the outside world. The peoples of Assam are of varied origin, being chiefly of Indo-Chinese stock. There has been, however, an incoming of Aryan Hindus from the south, and these have given the language spoken in the plains, Assamese, which is derived from the Sanskrit.

Part B contains c. 40 photos, mostly of people performing what is assumed to be every-day tasks, although the photos are unidentified.

Note: B. The Nagas. The hilly tract east of the Brahmaputra valley is inhabited by tribes known collectively as the Nagas, which in the Assamese means 'naked '. They belong to the second wave of emigration into Assam, that of the Tibeto-Burmans, from the traditional cradle of the Indo-Chinese race inNorth [sic] Western China. There are six chief tribes, the Angamis, the Aos, the Lhotas, the Rengmas, the Kachas, and the Semas. Generally speaking they are tall, fine looking people, especially the Angamis, and being a hill-top folk they have precerved [sic] a certain air of freedom and distinction. They grow rice as their staple food, and the Angamis have the art of terracing the hill sides. The Lhotas are cotton growers, and all the tribes are meat eaters and drinkers of what the Angamis call 'zu', a liquor made from rice. In 1866 the British took possession of the village of Kohima and spread its control throughout the whole territory. Before their coming the Nagas were a head hunting race, but this has been changed during the last years, although frontier tribes still practice the art of taking their enemy's scalp. The Nagas are a genial folk and extremely hospitable though below their rather happy exterior there is a melancholy which arises from a rather profound realization of the brevity of life, and from the fear of death.

Part C has c. 10 photos, which are unidentified but clearly show the Durga Puja (festival), and one photo of a waterfall.

Note: C. The Durga Puja. The word Puja in Hindi means festival. Each year the greatest of all the pujas is a land of continuous festivals is that held in honor of the goddess Durga. In the Hindu pantheon Durga is the Shakti or wife of the god, Siva, the Destroyer. In Shillong, the capital of Assam, the Gurka troops of the Bristish-India army stationed there, held a great puja, for they are Napalese and most devout. Great crowds gathered in an amphitheater-like place near the city where the sacrifice took place; there was dancing by those specially trained; and after the dao had been blessed by the priests, the mantras said, and all made ready, twnety [sic] buffalo were offered to the goddess. The costumes of the women were brilliant for the Napalese like much color, and each one appeared with all of her jewelry upon her. Surely the goddess must have been pleased by so great a display of devotion, by so great a sign of joy.

Part D consists of c. 10 photos, all unidentified and somewhat distant shots of people, a few of scenery.

Note: D. Manipur. Manipur is the only large feuditory [sic] state in Assam. It is ruled over by a Maharaja at the will of the British Government, and a political agent, residing at Imphal, is the representative. A military force is kept within the frontier. The Manipuries are Indo-Chinese folk, though there is a certain fusion of Aryan Hindu blood. They, like many of the peoples who have lately come into India, have only recently been brought into the Hindu fold. And because they are recent converts they are particularly bigoted. The women are fine looking, with high, firm, almost Athenian brests [sic]. They carry their burdens on the head as plains people do, for Manupur is a plateau land, and each day one sees long lines of white clad folk streaming toward Imphal, the capital, to buy and sell in the great bazaar. And this bazaar is wonderful with its many colors, its different types of people, and its varied sights and smells. Often there is dancing, for Manipur is famous for its dancing girls; and sometimes there is polo for this is the traditional home of that sport of Maharajas and Raj Kumars.

Part E contains c. 15 unidentified photos of people and scenery.

Note: E. Shillong. Up in the dry Khasi Hills of the Assam Shillong has become the capital of the province. It is a beautiful place with its pine forests and its surrounding hills, and here to come many people from the plains to escape the frightful heat of the dry season and oppression of the late monsoon. For Shillong is five thousand feet high and thus is termed as India's Hill Stations. Her Highness the Maharani Mourbhanj has her summer home in this cold retreat. She likes its quiet, she likes its cold, running streams in the pine jungles, to which she escapes on crist [sic] autumn mornings to paddle and feel the nearness of the trees, and stones, and birds. She is altogether Indian in her love of nature, and she could altogether the example of Indian womanhood at its best.

Part F contains c. 55 unidentified photos, of one or several gatherings with a crowd of seated people, small groups lounging or working in front of buildings, and scenery, including mountain horizons.

Note: F. The Khasis Up in the pine forests of the Khasi and Jaintia Hills southeast of the great Brahmaputra valley, there live a folk whose chief claim to distinction is that the basis of society is the reverse of ordinary humanity's way of life. Their's [sic] is a matriarchate of which there are but few other examples in the word: women inherit, women are the heads of homes, clans take their names from the female ancestors, and in the mythology of the land women are the dominant theme. The Khasis are probably the most advances in modern culture of all the hill tribes of Assam, far surpassing the Nagas to the east, and their neighbors, the Garos, to the west. Christian missionaries and the British government at Shillong have been the chief causes of this. One wonders is the coming of European customs and prejudices along with the simple teachings of Christ is not causing too great a loss of the native, naive qualities of a primitive people.

Physical Description

290 items

Physical Description

1 boxes

Volume IV: India. 130 items.
Box 5 Folder 2
Arrangement

This album was originally titled "India." It was separated into four parts, each part introduced by a note about the location at which the following photos were taken.

Scope and Contents

Each part to this album began with a note about the location where the photos in that part were taken.

Part A contains c. 45 photos, all unidentified but some clearly showing scenes from the Ganga Sagor Mela, and some taken on a (western) ship.

Note: A. The Ganga Sagor Mela. On the waste island of Sagor, which lies at the very spot where the Holy river Ganges flows into the sea, thousands of Hindus yearly come to hold here a great religious mela or festival. The Puranas tell of how the Goddess Ganges flowed out of the high Himalayas in the north to wash the great plain of India, and of how one man, through his supplication and renunciation, had persuaded her to lave [sic] the ashes of his sixty brethren [sic] upon this very island, that their souls should be set free from sin. Sadhus of every sect come by hundreds with the pilgrims, and these holy men can be seen performing ascetic feats along the bazaas [sic] and upon the water front. The great moment of the festival, however, is on the day when the sun makes its passage from the constellation of Sagittarius to that or Capricorn. Then all go into the sacred river to bathe and wash themselves of their sins. This is an act of devotion and through it one gains much merit.

Part B contains c. 20 unidentified photos, mostly of people including some participating in a ceremony, and some of local scenes, presumably the Ashram school building.

Note: B. Santiniketan. On the great plains of north Bengal the poet of India, Rabindranath Tagore, has created an Ashram or school, which is at once a revolt against the stultifying atmosphere of the Government schools and colleges, and an attempt to build an education in India for Indians which will be based on the finest things of both the East and the West. It is essentially synthetic. The material side of Santiniketan is not at all developed so that classes are held in the shade of the sal and palm trees or in the thatched houses of the ashram during the rains of the monsoon. The very practical side of the work is carried on by what is known as the Village Reconstruction Department where agriculture is taught and a real contact is made between the theoretical and cultural training and life as it is lived in the countless tiny villages of the surrounding country.

Part C contains c. 30 unidentified photos, of people and a few of animals, and of local scenes.

Note: C. Tea Gardens of the Duars. In north Bengal, under the Bhutan hills, there is a flat country cut across by the many rivers which flow out of the mountains. Here are many tea gardens, and in the jungles which hedge in on all sides are tiger and elephant, leopard and wild boar. This is one of Indias [sic] choice hunting grounds, and besides the Maharaja of Cooch Behar, who comes with a great retinue upon elephants to hold a beat, the planters of the district getin [sic] their own shikkar and have many tiger to their credit. During the monsoon the most terrific thunderstorms sweep the country, and at night as the black clouds climb up into the Bhutan hills and the peals of thunder grow faint there breaks through the growing hush the distracted cry of the Make-more-Pecoe Bird and an answer from his mate in some far off recess of the jungle, faint but reassuring. There is something gloriously beautiful in these symphonies of the large out of doors, their tremendous climaxes, their simple notes of romance which bring peace out of storms.

Part D contains c. 40 unidentified photos, mostly of people, candid and full portraits, and some of scenery, and notes.

Note: D. Darjeeling. It is said that Darjeeling is one of the beauty spots of the world, and no doubt it is. Seven thousand feet up from the plains it looks out upon the towering snow-capped peaks of the Himalayas which pinnacle to Mt.Everest [sic]. It is beautiful, and moreover it is most interesting. For here gather in its great bazaar the hill's folk from from [sic] Bhutan, Napal [sic], Thibet [sic]; and here come men from Bengal and Assam. The summer Capital of Bengal is likewise at Darjeeling, and this brings with the Governor General the English society of Calcutta to deck the cheifest of all hill stations next to Simla. The hill's people are as a rule very fond of color and of decorating their women folk with as much jewelry as possible. The wealth of a family is carried about a woman's neck or hanging from her ears there being only one danger of a bank failure, the ever and great possibility of her eloping with another man.

Note:

Calcutta 1922 There were among the friends [Mil?] and I made while in Calcutta, [Barhim] Mukerji et al Barhim we saw again in 1952 - Beulah + I when we visited Calcutta from [Barpali].

Physical Description

130 items

Volume V: India. 150 items.
Box 2 Folder 2
Arrangement

This album was originally titled "India." There were blank pages after sheets 14, 18 and 24.

Scope and Contents

This volume contains c. 150 unidentified photos, largely of sites, architecture, and people; mostly candid, although there are some posed portraits as well.

Physical Description

150 items

Volume VI: Burma, Singapore, China and Japan. 135 items.
Box 5 Folder 3
Arrangement

This volume has been labeled both "Volume IV" and "Volume VI Malasia [sic]." It is assumed that this is "6: Burma, Singapore, China and Japan," which is referred to in the opening note (located with Volume I). There were originally blank pages after sheets 11 and 23.

3 of the photos and the postcard from this album were not originally glued in, but had been placed between pages. Those have been added after the pages they were placed with, preserving order.

Scope and Contents

This album contains c. 135 unidentified photographs of people, candid and portrait, local scenery including waterfronts (buildings on stilts, fleets of small boats), streetscapes, architecture, wooded and mountain landscapes including the Great Wall of China, and a few concluding photos of a western steamship. There was one postcard included.

Physical Description

135 items

Physical Description

1 boxes

Volume VII: Europe, including Russia. 580 items.
Box 6 Folder 1-3
Arrangement

This volume had different titles, but for the sake of consistency it is now Volume VII. There were blank pages after 23, between 34 front and back, after 58, (two blank pages) after 71, after 74, and 80. Folder 1 includes sheets 1-30. Folder 2 includes sheets 31-60. Folder 3 includes sheets 61-86.

Scope and Contents

The photos in this album were taken in Europe, 1918-1922. Some of the information for this album includes:

Paris, 1918. These photos are mostly taken of tourist sites, including Notre Dame, Champs-Elysées, Cathedral of Sacre-Coeur, Luxembourg Gardens, and Chartre.

Vienna, 1919. These photos are of sites, including the largest market Vienna, Belvedere Palace, warehouses, and Meidling Hospital, St. Stephen's Cathedral, Ruins at Schönbrunn, the old Kaisers summer home, the Parliament Building.

Eastern and southern Poland, Hungary, Germany (Frankfurt, Berlin and Hindelberg).

Russia, 1922. These photos concentrate on a food caravan, which went from Alexievka to Matvievsky (or Matveivska). Other locations include, Sorotchinskoe, Gerasimovka [Gerasimova], Buzuluk, Totskoe. Some names include M.E.W., Morosky Mucha André, P.K.A., Lampson, Poilya, Douchya, D. North, Ervina, and Tartar.

There is a section titled "Société des amis [Society of Friends] - Troyes," which includes charity work and portraits and candid photos of people, which are largly labeled with names. Names include: Matilde, Agnes, Macfarlane, Mme. Gallois, Canby, Dorothy [Wright], Paul Mauger.

There is a section which includes pictures of "a 100 mi. trip," which included scaling Mont Blanc. This section, too, includes labeled pictures of people. Names include: Weston, Nell Connah, Mary Kelsey, Ted Tawell, and B.I. Macalpine, Therese, Travis, T.E. Harvey, Dr. Earp, Steve, and Dick [Kilby].

Names from other parts of the album include: Chandlee [or Chandler?], Li Hammer, F.E. Bates, Mme. [Edith] Moon, Herbert P. Hol[ure], Thomas H. Philips, J.H.S., W[al]ter, Margaret Louise [Hackecle] (a child: neice?), J. Borlow, R. Clark, Mabel Evans, E. Montford, May Hargrave, [Juna] and Will Eves, Mac Corwell, Bob Taylor, E.G.G., Mrs. Horst, Caroline, Alfred G. Scattergood, L. Ebert, Mary Norton Allen, Edmund Cooper, and Murray Kentworthy, R. Walts.

Physical Description

580 items

Volume VIII: Travel to San Francisco. 140 items.
Box 6 Folder 4
Arrangement

This volume was originally named California. There were no blank pages.

Scope and Contents

This album was made in 1915, when Alston Waring traveled to San Francisco for a Convention with the Kappa Sigma Fraternity.

This album contains c. 140 photographs, and two notes. The photos are identified, and some descriptions include The Rocky Mountains, San Francisco Bay, Golden Gate Bridge, "The Garden of the Gods," Courtyard Inside Inn, Avenue of Palms, Tower of Jewels, Glenwood Springs, Palmur Lake, Avenue of Palms, Palace of Fine Arts Court of Palms, Exposition by night, Arch of the Eastern [Nations?], Virginia Building, Court of the Universe, Lagoon in front of Fine Arts Palace, Court of Four Seasons, Battleship Oregon, Pracidio [sic] of San Francisco, Liberty Bell (at the fair), Fountain of Energy, South Gardens, State Buildings, Canadian Building, Redwood tree trunks, Fine Arts, Machinery, Exposition, University of California including the Kappa Sigma House there.

The people pictured (and identified) include Clarkson (Georgia Tech.), Skih Cougers (Georgia), Wilmore (Alabama), Froggy Morrison (Georgia Tech.), Williams (W of Georgia), and Mr. McCormack and Mr. Boyd (Founders of the Kappa Sigma Fraternity).

Physical Description

140 items

Volume IX: Central America and California. 25 items.
Box 6 Folder 5
Scope and Contents

This album contains c. 25 photographs, from Panama (La Boca, the Pacific-Entrance-Canal), Costa Rica (Punta Arenes), Nicaragua (San Juan del Sur and Corinto), Honduras (Amapala), [El] Salvador (La Union, Do Libertad and Acajutla), Guatemala (San Jose and Champerico), Mexico (Acapulco, San Blas, Bay Mountain and Mazatlan) and California (Cape St. Lucas).

None of the people pictured are identified.

Physical Description

25 items

Volume X: India, Italy, Israel. 50 items.
Box 6 Folder 6
Arrangement

This volume was originally titled "Professional photos (enlarged) taken by Alston Waring in India, Italy, Israel 1924."

This collection of photographs and notes were not originally one album. They have been combined into one volume, and the material remains in its original order.

Scope and Contents

This volume contains c. 45 photos, of the Angami Nagas people of Northeast India, the Brahmaputra River in Bengal and Assam, Religious pilgrim at a festival at Sagar at the mouth of the Ganges, streetscape in South Italy, Assisi Italy (the home of St. Francis), David's Gate and streetscape in Jerusalem, Gateway at Buddhist Stupa, Sawehi in Central India, an old Buddhist woman near Darjeeling India, a caravan coming into Peshawar India from Central Asia, Pathans (People) of India, Diwani-Am [sic: Diwaniam] -Agra and Diwani-Khas [sic: Diwan-e-Khas] -Agra, India and the coastline of Burma along the Bay of Bengal.

One note reads: These photographs were made by P. Alston Waring while on a trip around the world in his youth 1923. The enlargements were made for me by Melvin Brorby, my friend and companion on this journey of adventure and exploration...

Physical Description

50 items

Physical Description

1 boxes

Volume XI: India. 450 items.
Box 7 Folder 1
Arrangement

This volume was originally titled "India."

A note included with this volume states that there are two albums. It is assumed that both albums were combined to make Volume XI, and while it is possible that the second album is, in fact, Volume XII, that seems less likely.

Scope and Contents

This volume contains one note, one post card, and c. 450 small photographs. The photos include the Taj Mahal, U.S.S. Seattle, and many unidentified photos, mostly of people.

Physical Description

450 items

Volume XII: India. 340 items.
Box 7 Folder 2-6
Arrangement

This volume was divided into five parts. The first four are called "Part" 1-4, the fifth is called "Other." Each part is introduced with a note about the included photos.

Part 1 has c. 70 photos, Part 2 has c. 105, Part 3 has c. 50, Part 4 has c. 85, and "Other" has c. 5. They all also have notes.

Scope and Contents

This volume is a product of Alston Waring and Beulah Hurley's work with the people of Orissa, India. They were there with the Barpali Community Development Project of the American Friends Service Committee, 1952-1954.

Subject of the photos in Part 1 include: well digging, tree planting, Indian daily life, village workers for the project, the project's medical Clinic, farming and the project's agricultural fair, project conferences, local schools, the project's "center Building."

People pictured include: Beulah Hurley, Nitu and Parish Chandra, Indubushan ("Indu") Misra, Dr. Ed Abbott, Brushadhoja (all workers for the project), Khasanath Sahu, Bhagavan Meher, and the Principal of the Village School.

Subject of the photos in Part 2 include: stick dancing, ceremonies, elephants, village school (build with encouragement from the project), the Project Center, Holi celebrations, Project ceremonies and fairs, screen making, flooding river, village children, project workers, latrine and building construction, well digging.

People pictured include: Beulah Hurley, Amanda, Ananta Ram, Parish ("Pari") Chandra Das Gupta, Haimanti (all project workers), Nitu and his wife Ranga, Indu and his wife Kamala, Bela Bannerji, Dr. Vivien Abbott, Kashanath Sahu, Niranjan and Haidan, Debendranath Nath Pradhan, Gorisham, Bonomali, Bhavani, Dharami and Probaka, Brushadwaja, Shaym Sundar, Madhu, Arakkit Munipali, Hurshi, Chiknapali, Dulal, Dasha, Chamuru, Guridal Malik, Marjorie Sykes, Stanley and Peg Myers, Dr. Singh (all part of the project), and The Chief Minister of Orissa.

Subjects of the photos in Part 3 include: Car Festival (Rhort Jarta), spinning, latrine construction, the guesthouse they stayed in, the great Mogul tombs and mosques including the Taj Mahal and the Dewan-y-Am (Diwan-i-aam) and other temples.

People pictured include: Bubeneswar, Nirmal Bose, the young Maharaja of Puri, Fakir Khan and his wife, and Nitu.

Subjects of the photos in Part 4 include: elephants, project work, schools, celebrations, plowing, sowing, harrowing, thrashing, village bazaars, coconut tree climbing, the Nile with small boats.

People pictured include: Beulah Hurley, Nitu and Ranga, Fakir Khan, Gurdial Malik, Aden and his family, Ramendranath ("Ramen") Chakravarty, the Maharani of Mourbhanj (Suchuru Devi, "Ma"), Mohandas Gandhi and his personal assistant Mahadev Desai, Nripen Ghose, and Bankim.

"Other" contains some photos: of Tse Ten Tashi, headdresses, a wedding gift from Beulah Hurley and Alston Waring to "Fred," the Dalai Lama and Lama dance.

The folder also includes a page from a newspaper (an article titled "India is its villages," from The Christian Science Monitor, 1973), and several notes about people met it India.

Physical Description

340 items

Material Specific Details

Part 4 of this volume contains a photograph taken by Alston Waring of Mohandas Gandhi. The photo is a candid shot of Gandhi walking through a gate, followed by his personal assistant, Mahadev Desai. The photo is undated, but on the back is the note: "[After] cutting vegetables Gandhiji goes for his morning walk about a mile. While walking he usually talks with someone and goes to visit the sick. There is his secretary Mahadev Desai with him."

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