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Robert L. Sherman collection of plays
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Held at: University of Pennsylvania: Kislak Center for Special Collections, Rare Books and Manuscripts [Contact Us]3420 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6206
This is a finding aid. It is a description of archival material held at the University of Pennsylvania: Kislak Center for Special Collections, Rare Books and Manuscripts. Unless otherwise noted, the materials described below are physically available in their reading room, and not digitally available through the web.
Overview and metadata sections
Robert L. Sherman, born in 1866, was a playwright and a theater manager. A prolific author, he began writing plays for Alexander Byers and the Chicago Manuscript Company in 1915 and 1916, before volunteering for the United States Navy during World War I. After returning to civilian life, he worked with tent theatres, and in 1922, was the business manager for George Roberson's tent show. At least fifty-two titles are attributed to Sherman. Over the years, Sherman served as president of the Midwest Manager's Association, and a director of the United Manger's Association. He also authored and printed three books: Actors and Authors, Drama Cyclodedia, and History of the Chicago Stage, Vol.1. After Alexander Byers's death, Sherman bought the holdings of the Chicago Manuscript Company, which he tried to sell to University libraries as well as movie studios in Hollywood during the 1930s and 40s.
The Chicago Theater Company (a printing business that sold and rented play scripts to theater companies in the United States from 1895 until 1922) had been owned and managed for many years by Alexander Byers who acquired most of the plays he published by pirating them. According to William Slout, Byers's "stenographers attended hit plays and copied down the dialogue and stage business ... the plays were then mimeographed into manuscripts ... and sold for a fraction of the royalty payments," (Slout, pages 46-47). Apparently, this was not terribly unusual, as the finding aid for the Charles Morton Agency collection of American Popular Drama states:
By the end of the 19th century in America there had developed a fairly large market for playbills and scripts of plays. Theater attendance had increased dramatically through the 19th century and had become progressively more accessible to a wider range of social classes and groups. Not surprisingly, a sort of "play piracy" developed as a consistent problem, particularly since the development of copyright law did not develop extensively until the 20th century. A common form of "play piracy" involved a private company paying an individual, often a stenographer, to go see a popular play at the time and copy down as close to verbatim as possible the dialogue and scenes being presented on stage. The company would then reproduce multiple copies of the script and sell it at a lower price than the playwright's publishing house. This form of piracy apparently reached its peak in the last 15 years of the 19th century. Alternatively, some historians have also pointed out that repertoire theater could not have existed as a low-priced entertainment without play piracy.
In many cases, the plays were changed from the original very minimally.
Works cited:
Charles Morton Agency collection of American Popular Drama finding aid at University of Chicago Library, Special Collections Research Center.
Slout, William. Theatre in a Tent. Wildside Press, 2000.
This collection consists of 139 mimeograph versions of play scripts which were part of the inventory of the Chicago Manuscript Company which were available for rent from the Chicago Manuscript Company, before they were purchased by Sherman. It is possible that many may be pirated versions of plays. A few of the title pages state that the plays are copyrighted by Alex. Byers and are stamped as the property of The Chicago Manuscript Company.
The collection is arranged alphabetically by title.
Purchase, 1933.
- Publisher
- University of Pennsylvania: Kislak Center for Special Collections, Rare Books and Manuscripts
- Finding Aid Date
- 2017 November 8
- Access Restrictions
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This collection is open for research use.
- Use Restrictions
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Copyright restrictions may exist. For most library holdings, the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania do not hold copyright. It is the responsibility of the requester to seek permission from the holder of the copyright to reproduce material from the Kislak Center for Special Collections, Rare Books and Manuscripts.