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Addenda to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) Records
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Held at: Science History Institute Archives [Contact Us]315 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106
This is a finding aid. It is a description of archival material held at the Science History Institute Archives. Unless otherwise noted, the materials described below are physically available in their reading room, and not digitally available through the web.
Overview and metadata sections
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), is an international association of bodies (National Adhering Organizations), which represent the chemists of different member countries. IUPAC grew out of an international awareness of the need for standardization in chemistry necessary for the smooth development and growth of international trade and commerce.
The origins of IUPAC date back to 1860, when German chemist August Kekulé organized an international conference with the objective of reaching agreement on the theory of organic chemistry, which would allow the standardization of nomenclature and the writing of chemical formulae. In a like manner, several subsequent international chemistry conferences were held to address the issue of nomenclature standardization. In 1892, the International Chemistry Committee established the Geneva Nomenclature, which set the first international standards for organic chemical nomenclature.
In 1911, the International Association of Chemical Societies (IACS) was formed. At its first meeting in Paris, France in April 1911, IACS delegates produced a set of proposals regarding issues they believed needed to be addressed by the international chemistry community, which included the coordination of nomenclature of organic and inorganic chemistry, and the standardization of atomic weights, physical constants, and formats of publications. A number of other issues of concern to the delegates were also addressed at this meeting, including the editing of tables for the properties of matter, the establishment of a commission for the review of work, and the implementation of measures to prevent the repetition of papers. IACS held two more annual meetings in 1912 and 1913 respectively. The outbreak of World War I in August 1914 prevented further meetings and dealt IACS a blow from which it never recovered.
In April 1919, the Société de Chimie Industrielle organized a conference of chemists from Allied countries in Paris, France. At this conference, the delegates proposed the formation of a new international chemistry organization to replace IACS. The membership of the new organization would be composed of national chemistry organizations. The response to this proposal was a positive one. IACS was formally dissolved at a meeting of the Commission for International Cooperation in Chemistry. In IACS' place, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) was formally established in July 1919. In 1920, French chemist Charles Moreau was named IUPAC's first President.
Currently, IUPAC's objective is to contribute to the advancement of pure and applied chemistry in all its aspects. To achieve this end, it works to foster communication between nations and to encourage the evolution and adoption of standardized chemical nomenclatures and methodologies. IUPAC is best known for being an arbiter on matters of chemical nomenclature. It is also an active sponsor of conferences and symposia held throughout the world.
IUPAC was an active member of the International Research Council (1922-1931) and its successor the International Congress of Scientific Unions (1931-2002). It is currently an active member of the International Congress of Scientific Unions' successor, the International Science Council (2002-Present).
IUPAC is registered in Zurich, Switzerland and its administrative offices are currently based in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. As of January 2022, IUPAC's membership is made up of fifty-five National Adhering Organizations, twenty-nine Associated Organizations, and thirty-two Company Associates. Prior to November 2021, there were a number of Associate National Adhering Organizations (also called Observer Countries) active in IUPAC, but this membership category has been discontinued.
The organizational structure of IUPAC has evolved over the course of its existence. As of January 2022, there are eight Divisions and fourteen Committees within IUPAC. The most up to date IUPAC organizational chart can be viewed on IUPAC's website at https://iupac.org/who-we-are/organizational-chart/.
Sources
Addenda to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) Records, Science History Institute Archives, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Fennell, Roger, History of IUPAC, 1919-1987. Oxford: Blackwell Science, Limited, 1994.
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) Records, Science History Institute Archives, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Old Website. http://old.iupac.org/
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Website. https://iupac.org
The Addenda to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) Records contains the organizational records of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, which mainly cover the period from 1973 to 1995. The records are arranged into the following twenty-one series:
- Council
- Bureau
- Executive Committee
- Finance Committee
- Meetings of Division Presidents and Records of Executive Secretary
- Publications Committee
- Standing Committees
- Physical Chemistry Division (Division I)
- Inorganic Chemistry Division (Division II)
- Organic Chemistry Division (Division III)
- Macromolecular Chemistry Division (Division IV)
- Analytical Chemistry Division (Division V)
- Applied Chemistry Division (Division VI)
- Clinical Chemistry Division (Division VII)
- Medicinal Chemistry Section (III.4)
- National Adhering Organizations
- Company Associates
- Observer Countries
- General Files
- IUPAC Conferences
- Conferences Sponsored by IUPAC
The Addenda to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) Records were deposited at the Science History Institute (formerly the Chemical Heritage Foundation) by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry in 2000.
The Addenda to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) Records was processed by Andrew Mangravite in August 2004.
Subject
- Agricultural chemicals
- Chemical industry
- Chemistry -- Education
- Chemistry--Nomenclature
- Clinical chemistry
- Congresses and conventions
- Electrochemistry
- Factory and trade waste
- Food -- Analysis
- Green chemistry
- Macromolecules
- Mass spectrometry
- Polymers
- Quantum chemistry
- Solid state chemistry
- Surface chemistry
- Thermodynamics
- Toxicology
- Transuranium elements
- Publisher
- Science History Institute Archives
- Finding Aid Author
- Finding aid created by Andrew Mangravite and encoded into EAD by Kenton G. Jaehnig.
- Finding Aid Date
- August 2004
- Access Restrictions
-
There are no access restrictions on the materials for research purposes and the collection is open to the public.
- Use Restrictions
-
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry holds copyright to the Addenda to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) Records. The researcher assumes full responsibility for all copyright, property, and libel laws as they apply.
Collection Inventory
The Council is IUPAC's primary governing body to which the Bureau, Executive Committee, Standing Committees, Divisions, Commissions, and all other IUPAC bodies are responsible. Its membership is composed of Delegations from the National Adhering Organizations (NAOs). Regular meetings of the Council are held every two years as part of the General Assembly.
Arranged in chronological order by date, this series contains IUPAC's Council files regarding the 26th thru 37th Council Meetings, which were held at various locations between 1971 and 1993. The contents of the files in this series consist mainly of correspondence.
The Bureau is the body established by IUPAC's Council to act on its behalf during intervals between Council Meetings. Its membership is composed of IUPAC's President, Vice President, Secretary General, Treasurer, immediate Past-President, and Presidents of Divisions, together with at least ten other members elected by the Council who are known as Elected Members.
Arranged in chronological order by date, this series contains IUPAC's Bureau files. The files in this series mainly document the Bureau's 22nd thru 65th meetings, which were held at various locations between 1968 and 1994. A handful of Bureau business correspondence files are also preserved here.
The contents of the Bureau files consist mainly of correspondence. Smaller, but noticeable, amounts of minutes, agendas, notes, and reports are also found in this series. Small amounts of other miscellaneous materials, including, but not limited to, papers, membership approvals, and membership lists are preserved here as well.
The Executive Committee is the body established by IUPAC's Bureau to ensure the orderly discharge of IUPAC functions between meetings of the Bureau. Its membership is composed of eight members, which include the President, Vice-President, Secretary General, Treasurer, and immediate Past President. Other members are elected by the Bureau from among its Elected Members.
Arranged in chronological order by date, this series contains IUPAC's Executive Committee files. The files in this series mainly document the Executive Committee's 60th thru 121st meetings, which were held between 1968 and 1995. A few files regarding various Executive Committee administrative matters are also preserved here.
The contents of the Executive Committee files consist mainly of correspondence. Smaller, but noticeable, amounts of agendas, notes, and minutes are also found in this series. Small amounts of other miscellaneous materials, including, but not limited to, reports, photographs, and questionnaires are preserved here as well.
The Finance Committee is an Advisory Committee established to oversee IUPAC's finances. Its duties include advising the President and Executive Committee on financial matters, making financial recommendations to the President and/or Executive Committee, reviewing IUPAC's securities, and purchasing and selling securities held by IUPAC. The Committee's membership is composed of a Chair and four Titular Members. In addition, IUPAC's Treasurer and Executive Director serve as non-voting members.
Arranged in its original order (mainly chronological order by date), this series contains IUPAC's Finance Committee files. The files in this series mainly document Finance Committee meetings held between 1967 and 1997. They also document IUPAC's financial dealings between 1965 and 1997 and provide information regarding IUPAC's financial condition during that time period.
The contents of the Finance Committee files consist mainly of correspondence and financial documents, including, but not limited to statements, reports, balance sheets, and budgets. Smaller, but noticeable, amounts of other miscellaneous materials, including minutes, notes, and agendas are preserved here as well.
Note - Materials dealing with the earlier years of the Finance Committee (1919-1950) are found in Box 196 Folders 3-6 and Box 197 Folders 1-3.
This series contains records documenting meetings of IUPAC's Division Presidents and records maintained by IUPAC's Executive Secretary. The contents of these records are arranged into the following two sub-series:
- Records of Executive Secretary
- Meetings of Division Presidents
Arranged in reverse chronological order by date, this sub-series contains the records of IUPAC's Executive Secretary. These records are contained in information binders prepared for and maintained by Dr. Maurice Williams, who served as IUPAC's Executive Secretary from 1968 to 1997. Part of Dr. Williams' job was to compile digests of pertinent information for meetings of IUPAC's Council, Bureau, Executive Committee, and Finance Committee. Taken as a whole, the Records of the Executive Secretary provide an overview of the operations and concerns of IUPAC.
The materials in this sub-series mainly regard meetings of IUPAC's Council, Bureau, Executive Committee, and Finance Committee. Smaller, but noticeable, amounts of materials concerning meetings of IUPAC's Publications Committee, Officers, and Division Presidents are also present in this sub-series. Small amounts of materials regarding a handful of other IUPAC bodies, including CHEMRAWN (Committee on Chemical Research Applied to World Needs) and the Pulp and Paper Section, are also preserved here.
The contents of the Records of Executive Secretary files consist mainly of correspondence. A variety of other miscellaneous materials, including, but not limited to, minutes, proposals, memoranda, member lists, financial documents, publications, and reports are preserved here as well.
Arranged in chronological order by date, this sub-series contains two files regarding meetings of IUPAC's Division Presidents held between 1979 and 1987. The contents of this sub-series consist mainly of correspondence and minutes. Drafts of the "Duties of Officers" pamphlet and the document "How to Get IUPAC Sponsorship for an International Conference That You Would Like to Stage" are also preserved here.
The Publications Committee was a Standing Committee formed to oversee the production of IUPAC's various publications. Established in 1969, its duties included advising on the design and implementation of publications, data sharing, and standards of promoting the exchange of chemical information. Due to the advent of electronic information media, the Publications Committee was later renamed the Committee on Printed and Electronic Publications. This committee is currently called the Committee on Publications and Cheminformatics Data Standards.
Arranged in chronological order by date, this series contains IUPAC's Publications Committee files. The files in this series document the activities of the Publications Committee between 1970 and 1986. Topics discussed in these files include the appointment of a new official IUPAC publisher and the replacement of IUPAC's Scientific Editor (See also Boxes 206-207).
The contents of the Publications Committee consist mainly of correspondence. Meeting minutes, reports, and a few manuscripts are also preserved here.
Arranged in its original order, this series contains IUPAC's Standing Committees files. The files in this series document the activities of thirteen IUPAC Standing Committees, including, but not limited to, CHEMRAWN (Committee on Chemical Research Applied to World Needs),the Committee on Teaching of Chemistry (CTC), the Committee on Chemistry and Industry (COCI), and the Interdivisional Committee on Nomenclature and Symbols (IDCNS).
The contents of the Standing Committees files consist mainly of correspondence. A variety of other miscellaneous materials, including, but not limited to, papers, legal documents, reports, minutes, and manuscripts are preserved here as well.
Note - Materials in Boxes 69-77 created by the Archives of the Committee on Teaching of Chemistry (CTC) were damaged in a fire. A number of fire damaged files were subsequently discarded, hence the large gaps in the numbering. Traces of fire-retardant chemicals may remain on the files in Boxes 69-77 that were preserved.
Contains a 3.5 inch diskette and a floppy disk for this program.
See also Box 204 Folders 3-4.
See also Boxes 88-89.
This series contains the files of IUPAC's Physical Chemistry Division. Established in 1949, it worked to promote international collaboration between scientists in physical chemistry and related fields. The Physical Chemistry Division was renamed the Physical and Biophysical Chemistry Division in September 2000.
Arranged in its original order, the Physical Chemistry Division files document the activities of a number of bodies that were either formed or placed under the Physical Chemistry Division's oversight. The bodies represented in this series include, but are not limited to, the Commission on Thermodynamics, the Commission on Electrochemistry, and the Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy.
Correspondence makes up the bulk of the materials found in the Physical Chemistry Division files. A variety of other miscellaneous materials, including, but not limited to, reports, tables, minutes, reprints, and manuscripts are preserved here as well.
This series contains the files of IUPAC's Inorganic Chemistry Division. Established in 1949, it concerns itself with matters regarding inorganic chemistry, including isotopes, atomic weights, and the periodic table.
Arranged in its original order, the Inorganic Chemistry Division files document the activities of several bodies that were either formed or placed under the Inorganic Chemistry Division's oversight. The bodies represented in this series include, but are not limited to, the Commission on Physiochemical Symbols, Terminology and Units, the Commission on Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, and the Commission on High Temperature Materials and Solid State Chemistry.
Correspondence makes up the bulk of the materials found in the Inorganic Chemistry Division files. Small amounts of other miscellaneous materials, including manuscripts and papers are preserved here as well.
See also Boxes 202-204.
See also Boxes 202-204.
"Correspondence" routinely includes draft versions of rules under discussion. See also Box 134 for more material relating to the CEE.
"Correspondence" routinely includes draft versions of rules under discussion. See also Box 134 for more material relating to the CEE.
See also Box 202 Folders 1-6.
This series contains the files of IUPAC's Organic Chemistry Division. Established in 1949, it worked to promote the goals of IUPAC in the field of organic chemistry. The Organic Chemistry Division was renamed the Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Division in 1999.
Arranged in its original order, the Organic Chemistry Division files document the activities of several bodies that were either formed or placed under the Organic Chemistry Division's oversight. The bodies represented in this series include the Commission on Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry and the Commission on Physical Organic Chemistry. Two files regarding the Organic Chemistry Division Archives are also present here.
Correspondence makes up the bulk of the materials found in the Organic Chemistry Division files. Preprints, papers, and draft versions of rules are preserved in this series as well.
See also Box 124 Folders 4-5.
This series contains the files of IUPAC's Macromolecular Division. Founded in 1967, this division concerned itself with the science and technology of macromolecules and polymers. The Macromolecular Division was renamed the Polymer Division in 2004.
Arranged in its original order, the Macromolecular Chemistry Division files mainly document the activities of several bodies that were either formed or placed under the Macromolecular Chemistry Division's oversight. The bodies represented in this series include the division's Committee, the Commission on Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry, and several Working Parties. Three files regarding reports published in Pure Applied Chemistry are also present here.
Correspondence makes up the bulk of the materials found in the Macromolecular Chemistry Division files. Report manuscripts are preserved here as well.
Includes the following documents: - "Source-Based Nomenclature for Nonlinear Polymers and Polymer Blends" - 4th Draft (August 1988) - "Classification and Definitions of Polymerization Reactions" - 4th Draft (August 1988) - "Structure-Based Nomenclature for Irregular Polymers" (July 1988 and June 1988) - "Liquid Crystals" - Manuscript (1988) - "Nomenclature of Regular Double-Strand Organic Polymers" - Draft 3 (July 1988) - "Basic Classification of Polymer Reactions" (September 1987)
Includes correspondence to and from Herman Mark, some of which concerns the establishment of benchmark measurements for styrene. Mostly written in French.
This series contains the files of IUPAC's Analytical Chemistry Division. Established in 1949, it concerns itself with the general aspects of analytical chemistry, including separation methods, spectrochemical methods, electrochemical methods, nuclear chemistry methods, and applications to human health and the environment.
Arranged in its original order, the Analytical Chemistry Division files mainly document the activities of several bodies that were either formed or placed under the Analytical Chemistry Division's oversight. The bodies represented in this series include the division's Committee, the Commission on General Aspects of Analytical Chemistry, the Commission on Microchemical Techniques and Trace Analyses, and the Commission on Electroanalytical Chemistry. Several files regarding reports circulated to the Analytical Chemistry Division's Committee members, which concern various topics, are also preserved here.
Correspondence makes up the bulk of the materials found in the Analytical Chemistry Division files. A significant number of reports are also found in this series. Small amounts of other miscellaneous materials, including publications and papers, are preserved here as well.
Note - For material on the Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature, produced by the Analytical Chemistry Division in 1976, see Box 199 Folders 1-3.
Together with the Inorganic Chemistry Division, the Analytical Chemistry Division undertook a series of contracts for the European Common Market to determine exact methods for determining composition of compounds. See also Boxes 106-111 for material relating to the CEE project.
See also Box 137 Folder 1 for correspondence.
See also Box 136 Folder 3 for report.
See also Box 148.
See also Box 148.
These reports are all dated 1989-1990 and were addressed to Ann Troughton, Deputy Executive Secretary, IUPAC.
This series contains the files of IUPAC's Applied Chemistry Division. Established in 1949, it concerned itself with a number of areas of applied chemistry, including food preservation, fermentation, oils and fats, industrial hygiene, wood products, and pollution chemistry. The Applied Chemistry Division was reconstituted and renamed the Chemistry and the Environment Division in 1996.
Arranged in its original order, the Applied Chemistry Division files mainly document the activities of several bodies that were either formed or placed under the Applied Chemistry Division's oversight. The bodies represented in this series include the division's Committee, the Commission of Food Chemistry, the Oil and Fat Section, the Commission on Atmospheric Environment, and the Pesticides Section.
Correspondence makes up the bulk of the materials found in the Applied Chemistry Division files. Other miscellaneous materials, including reports, papers, manuscripts, minutes, and glossaries are preserved in this series as well.
Note - Commission on Food Chemistry records from January 1983 to August 1985 are missing and presumed lost.
These files labeled "Archives" are actually older correspondence files containing the usual mix of correspondence, reports, and official documents. The material is mostly in French.
After February 1977, the Oils and Fats Section of the Applied Chemistry Division became the Commission on Oils, Fats and Derivatives.
Initially the Pesticides Section of IUPAC consisted of two separate commissions: the Commission on Residue Analysis (VI.5.1) and the Commission on Terminal Residue (VI.5.2). In 1975, the Pesticides Section was re-named the Commission on Pesticides and their designations were subsequently changed to VI.6 and VI.7 respectively. The two commissions were amalgamated in 1980 and the Commission on Pesticides was renamed the Commission on Agrochemicals in 1987.
This series contains the files of IUPAC's Clinical Chemistry Division. Established in 1979, it concerned itself with matters regarding clinical chemistry. In 1997, the Clinical Chemistry Division merged with the Medicinal Chemistry Section to form the Chemistry and Human Health Division.
Arranged in its original order, the Clinical Chemistry Division files mainly document the activities of several bodies that were either formed or placed under the Clinical Chemistry Division's oversight. The bodies represented in this series include the division's Committee, the Commission on Quantities and Units, and the Commission on Toxicology. A few files regarding dissolved subcommittees formerly under the Clinical Chemistry Division's oversight are also present here.
Correspondence makes up the bulk of the materials found in the Clinical Chemistry Division files. Reprints are preserved in this series as well.
The Subcommittees on Aluminum, Cadmium, and Selenium were incorporated into new Subcommittees on Analytical Methods, Risk Assessment, Harmonization and Quality Assurance, and Nickel.
This series contains IUPAC's Medicinal Chemistry Section files. This section concerned itself with matters regarding medicinal chemistry. In 1997, the Medicinal Chemistry Section merged with the Clinical Chemistry Division to form the Chemistry and Human Health Division.
Arranged in its original order, the Medicinal Chemistry Section files provide documentation of the Medicinal Chemistry Section's activities between 1971 and 1995. The contents of the files in this series consist of correspondence.
National Adhering Organizations (NAOs) are the national chemistry organizations that represent countries who are members of IUPAC. They play an active role in IUPAC's governance. Each individual member country is represented by a single National Adhering Organization. A National Adhering Organization can be a national chemical council, a national chemical society, a national academy of science, or any other institution or association of institutions representative of national chemical interest.
Arranged in its original order (mainly chronological by date), this series contains IUPAC's National Adhering Organizations files. The files in this series provide documentation of IUPAC's dealings with its National Adhering Organizations. Boxes 188 and 189 concern IUPAC's relations with various National Adhering Organizations throughout the world between 1968 and 1993. The files in Box 190 concern IUPAC's relations with its National Adhering Organization in the United States, the National Research Council, between 1921 and 1944.
Correspondence makes up the bulk of the materials found in the National Adhering Organizations files. Small amounts of other miscellaneous materials are preserved here as well.
Box 190 Folders 1-14 contains correspondence (much of it in French) covering the years 1921 through 1934 with a scattering of later correspondence. Topics discussed include dues, levels of American participation, and the International Research Council.
Company A