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Julian Scott Photographs for the 11th Census
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Overview and metadata sections
The 11th Census (conducted in 1890) was the first census in which Native Americans were counted at the same time as the general population rather than in a separate Indian Census. Beginning in that year all populations were counted by the Census Office even while the Department of the Interior's Commissioner of Indian Affairs was responsible for Native Americans.
The 1890 Census of Indians Taxed and Not Taxed was to include information about the variety of native lifestyles in addition to population counts: some Native Americans were still nomadic; some had become assimilated and were not on tribal lands or reservations; of those that were on tribal lands or reservations, some were receiving rations of food and farming supplies and some were not, and some were taxed and some were not. Each of these groups was counted separately. The compilation of data included the taking of photographs as a way of reporting on the Native Americans' living conditions.
Therefore, the Census Office hired special agents for the 1890 Indian Census, such as Julian Scott, Walter Shirlaw, Henry R. Poore, Peter Moran and Gilbert Gaul. They were charged with verifying the enumerator's figures, providing illustrative material and submitting a written report with recommendations for future policy.
A chronology of the life of Special Agent Julian Scott provides context for his activity with the 1890 Census:
1846 15 February – Julian Scott born in Johnson, Vermont, the fourth of eight children.
1861 1 June – Scott enlists in the Union Army, gives his age as 16 and his occupation as painter. He became a drummer boy for Company E of the Third Regiment of Vermont Volunteers.
1863 28 April – Scott receives an honorable discharge from the US Army.
1863 November – Scott is a student at the National Academy of Design, New York City; paid for by Henry E. Clark, who also paid Scott's living expenses.
1864 11 May – Scott receives a pass to the war zone so he can sketch the war. He is back in New York in about a month. He continues to study art and travel to former battlefields or to his boyhood home in Vermont until 1867.
1890 22 July – Julian Scott learns of his appointment as Special Agent for 1890 Indian Census.
1890 27 July – Meeting in Philadelphia of all Special Agents for Indian Census. Orders are to "leave immediately." Scott's first post is the Indian Territory.
1890 late July – Scott purchased a No. 2 Kodak camera. It took circular photographs on a 60-exposure roll of celluloid film. The roll was sent to Rochester, New York for development and printing.
This collection consists of 170 albumen photographic prints taken by Julian Scott from August 1890 to August 1891 for the 11th United States Census published in 1893. Locations include Oklahoma and settlements and pueblos in New Mexico and Arizona. Beyond images of Native Americans there are also images of frontiersmen and woman, frontier life, the census party and their camps, and images of United States Calvary men. Notable individuals photographed include General Alexander McDowell McCook, Commissioner of Indian Affairs Thomas Jefferson Morgan, Quanah Parker, and Thomas V. Keam. There is also an elicpsed view of Ben Wittick or Charles F. Lummis, photographers who also photographed the Walpi Snake Dance the same day as Scott.
The last series, Miscellaneous Materials, consists of a single manuscript letter by Julian Scott, and the documentary and digital media included with the collection at the time of purchase.
The images have been numbered 1-170 in a best approximation of chronological order and are arranged in series by location. The images were made with a No. 2 Kodak camera that produced three different style plates. The prints measure 8 x 9 cm on 10 x 12.5 cm board mounts. Image titles are transcribed from manuscript captions written in pencil or ink on either the image side (recto) or the reverse (verso) of the card. The abbreviation "I.T." stands for Indian Territory. Any differences between the title and caption are noted at the item-level. Notes on condition and other physical characteristics of the prints are also included at the item-level.
In-line citations refer to Julian Scott: Artist of the Civil War and Native America by Titterton and Eleventh Census of the United States, 1890: Extra Census Bulletin by Donaldson as listed in the Works Cited.
This collection is arranged into nine series in chronological order.
Donaldson, Thomas. 1893. Eleventh census of the United States, 1890: extra census bulletin. Washington, D.C.: United States Census Print Office. Titterton, Robert J. 1997. Julian Scott: artist of the Civil War and native America. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Co.
Purchased from Andrew Smith Gallery in 2011 (AM2012-22).
For preservation reasons, original analog and digital media may not be read or played back in the reading room. Users may visually inspect physical media but may not remove it from its enclosure. All analog audiovisual media must be digitized to preservation-quality standards prior to use. Audiovisual digitization requests are processed by an approved third-party vendor. Please note, the transfer time required can be as little as several weeks to as long as several months and there may be financial costs associated with the process. Requests should be directed through the Ask Us Form.
This collection was processed by Valerie Addonizio in 2011 November . Finding aid adapted from research and descriptive information provided by Austin Lamont and edited by Valerie Addonizio in 2011 November .
No materials were separated during 2011 processing.
People
- Keam, Thomas V.
- McCook, Alexander McDowell, 1831-1903
- Morgan, T. J. (Thomas Jefferson), 1839-1902
- Parker, Quanah, 1845?-1911
Organization
Subject
- Publisher
- Manuscripts Division
- Finding Aid Author
- Austin Lamont, Valerie Addonizio
- Finding Aid Date
- 2011
- Access Restrictions
-
The collection is open for research.
- Use Restrictions
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Single copies may be made for research purposes. To cite or publish quotations that fall within Fair Use, as defined under U. S. Copyright Law, no permission is required. For instances beyond Fair Use, it is the responsibility of the researcher to determine whether any permissions related to copyright, privacy, publicity, or any other rights are necessary for their intended use of the Library's materials, and to obtain all required permissions from any existing rights holders, if they have not already done so. Princeton University Library's Special Collections does not charge any permission or use fees for the publication of images of materials from our collections, nor does it require researchers to obtain its permission for said use. The department does request that its collections be properly cited and images credited. More detailed information can be found on the Copyright, Credit and Citations Guidelines page on our website. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact us through the Ask Us! form.
Collection Inventory
The series contains images made in and around Anadarko, Oklahoma. Dates are assigned according to the following chronology:
1890 August 1 – Scott arrives at the Anadarko Indian Agency. His first letters say he took a lot of photographs of old frontiersmen. [Titterton, page 191]
1890 August 9 – Scott goes to Fort Sill, Oklahoma to witness beef ration issue. During his stay in Oklahoma he took many short trips around the Territory. [Titterton, page 191]
1890 September 28 – Scott left the Anadarko Agency for New Mexico. He travelled to Purcell, Oklahoma to catch the train west. [Titterton, page 206]
Not arranged according to any arrangement scheme.
Physical Description1 box
Title from manuscript caption on recto. In the foreground is the edge of a wide, shallow river. In the middleground, across the river, are three dark horses, facing left.
Smudges and dirt in image. Abrasions on back of mount. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Either this image or plate #002 are mentioned in Titterton, page 196. Similar to plate #002. The two photographs were probably taken minutes apart, with this photograph exposed earlier than plate #002. The correct spelling of this river is Washita. The caption for plate #002 spells it correctly.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. In the foreground is the edge of a wide, shallow river. In the middleground, across the river, are three dark horses, facing left. All three of them are drinking from the river. There is a rider on the middle horse. He is wearing a hat, a light shirt and pants. On the left edge of the photograph can be seen the rear legs of another horse. By the bank in the middleground on the right are two more horses, maybe three, facing right.
Very light abrasions on photograph.
Either this image or plate #001 are mentioned in Titterton, page 196. Similar to plate #001. The two photographs were probably taken minutes apart, with this photograph exposed later than plate #001.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A loaded pack horse is in the center of the photograph. On its back are a variety of Native American goods, including a lariat. Attached to its girth are two tipi poles which are dragging on the ground. In the left background is a horse facing left with a Native American woman riding on it, and another Native American woman is walking past it facing left. In the background on the right edge of the photograph is an uncovered wagon facing left with two horses hitched to it.
A scratch in the photograph surface with emulsion damage. Abrasion on print front. Smudges on back of mount.
This is the same setting as plate #004.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A loaded pack horse is in the center of the photograph, facing 3/4 to the left. On its back are a variety of Native American goods, including a lariat and a large package wrapped in canvas. Attached to its girth are two tipi poles which are dragging on the ground. In the right background behind the central horse is a hitching post with a cowboy standing in front of it with his back to the camera. He is wearing a cowboy hat, a light shirt, dark vest and light pants.
Abrasions on photograph, foxing in upper left corner of photograph paper. Smudges on back of mount.
This is the same setting as plate #003.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A Native American man is walking toward the camera on a boardwalk. He has long braided hair, his braids are lying on his chest. He is wearing a light shirt with a bandana around his neck and a dark vest. He has a light blanket around his waist which reaches down to his ankles. He is wearing moccasins. At his waist, he is holding with both hands something made of cloth, possibly a shirt or some other garment. Near the right edge of the photograph there is a large white building with windows, just in front of the line of trees.
Abraisons on front of photograph. Smudges on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. In the foreground, a Native American man, facing right, is playing a flute for a woman. The man has his hair in braids which are hanging down in back of him. He has on a dark shirt with a light floral pattern on it, both of his sleeves are rolled up to above his wrists. The flute he is playing has decorative ribbons or thongs on it. The man has a light-colored blanket around his waist, part of which hangs down to below his knees, another part hangs down to the ground. The woman is wearing a light-colored blanket high up on the back of her head. She is barefoot. Behind the fence on the right side is a large building that appears in plate #032 and plate #033 as Craggs Store.
Abrasions on front of photograph. Smudges on back of mount.
Illustrated in Titterton, page 197.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Two Native American children are racing in the foreground, both are blurred. The child on the left has long hair, is wearing a sleeved tunic, pants, and moccasins which are fringed and beaded. The one on the right has chin-length hair, a dark shirt, a sleeveless tunic, pants, and is barefoot.
A large amount of emulsion is missing from the negative. This shows up as a dark band, the edges of which are grey. The photograph is overexposed in the center of the grassy area. Smudges on back of mount.
The background of this photograph matches the background of plate #008 which may also be a race.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. In the middleground are three boys in a field. Two on the right are walking, one on the left is standing facing right with a bow and two arrows in his left hand. He is wearing a broad-brimmed hat, a medium-colored shirt, long pants and shoes. Around his waist is tied another garment, maybe a coat. The middle boy has long hair and is wearing a tunic or a blanket. He is barefoot. The boy on the right is wearing a striped blanket, lightcolored pants and moccasins.
There is a black area on the right edge of the photograph. There is dirt in the image. There are cracks in the emulsion in three places along the left and bottom edges. Smudges on back of mount.
The background of this photograph matches the background of plate #007.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Two horses and a buggy in front of a hotel. A man in a brimmed hat is in front of them, facing left, holding their reins. Behind the fence is the hotel building faced with vertical logs interrupted by a window and a door, and with a chimney showing above its gable. There is a sign on the roof that reads: ... HOTEL. The top line is illegible. On the left edge of the photograph is another gabled building.
Abrasions on front of photograph, smudges on back of mount.
This is the same location as plate #010.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A woman stands in the dark doorway of a vertical pole log cabin. The vertical logs are heavily chinked. There is a sign on the roof that reads: ... HOTEL. The top line is illegible. Behind the cabin on the right is the silhouette of a larger structure with a stovepipe.
Abrasions on image front, smudge marks on back of mount.
This is the same location as plate #009.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A Native American woman, facing right, is sitting on a platform under a large brush ramada working on something in her lap. She is apparently sewing. The platform the woman is sitting on is supported by a low post at each of its four corners. In the right quarter of the photograph, beyond the edge of the ramada is an L-shaped table with cooking equipment on it. A small cloth bag is hanging from one of the horizontal poles. There are two bags hanging from the right hand large ramada pole. In the background are some buildings, part of another ramada and, on the right, a long low shed.
Abrasions on front of photograph. Light smudges on back of mount.
This photograph was taken just before or just after plate #012, as the central woman is in the same pose.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A Native American woman is sitting in the center of the photograph under a brush ramada, facing the camera. She is sitting on a platform with her head down, working on something in her lap, perhaps a moccasin. The platform is covered with skins or blankets. Behind the small pole is another, smaller ramada, made of very thin poles and with hardly any brush on top of it. Between the central woman and the smaller ramada, in the background, is another woman sitting on the ground. To the left of the large pole is a meat storage platform supported by four poles. On top of it are some storage bags and some stones to hold them down.
Abrasions on front of photograph.
This photograph was taken just before or just after plate #011, as the central woman is in the same pose.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A steer is standing in front of a long shed and looking at the camera. The shed in the background is made of vertical boards and battens and the roof is board and batten style. Behind the steer and alongside the shed are two pieces of farm equipment. Behind the shed is another long building, taller than the shed and with a shingle roof.
Light abrasions on photograph, smudges on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
A steer is standing in the middle of a field, facing left. In the background, at the left edge is a white two-story house with a chimney.
Scratches in emulsion of photograph appear as white lines near the steer's shoulder, other scratches appear below and behind the steer. Abrasions on photograph, smudges on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Just below the horizon about thirty short-horned cattle are walking right to left.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. In the middleground a long line of wagons is moving left and toward the camera. Men on horseback accompany them on either side of the line. Only the first four wagons are clearly visible.
Processing errors visible in three locations in the sky. Scratches on print. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Buildings in background match those in plate #017.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Dozens of Native Americans on horseback are facing a corral, parts of which can be glimpsed in the far middleground. One man is standing on the top rail of the corral, perhaps about to release the live cattle onto the prairie. A man on a white horse with a black tail is prominent in the foreground. To the right of him is a buggy, the passengers of which are holding an opened black umbrella aloft.
Processing stain in the right corner of the sky. Back of mount has grey flower pattern. Buildings in background match those in #016.
Illustrated in Titterton, page 194.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A very dark photograph. These houses are circular with a domed roof. They are made of saplings, placed vertically, bent into a dome shape, tied together at the top; horizontal withes are attached to the uprights, to which the grass covering is tied. In this photograph much of the grass near the ground bas been removed, admitting light into the structure. In the left half of the photograph, just below center is a raised platform, possibly used for storage or for sleeping.
The correct spelling of this tribe is Wichita.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A white man is standing facing left, and looking at two Native Americans seated on the ground. On the extreme right of the photograph is a tree limb and bark ramada. There is a folded blanket and other posessions under the roof. On the left are four small trees, hanging from one of them is a dark basket-like mass with a cinch strap hanging from it.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Two Native American women appear to be cooking over a fire pit. On the ground between them is a cast iron pot. There are other household articles in front of the seated woman.
Developing flaws in lower right of photograph. Abrasions on front of photograph. Smudges on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A group of men are gathered under a tree, some on horseback observing.
A processing stain extends left to right from the middle of the left edge through the tree and irregularly through the sky to the top right edge. Above the edge of the stain the sky and tree are lighter, below it, they are darker. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Two people are walking away from the camera, both carrying burdens. In the background beyond the road are about ten or more buildings.
Dirt in negative or positive. Abrasions on front of photograph. Light smudges on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
No caption. Two Native Americans are standing in front of a white tent. The Native American on the left is wearing a white blanket completely over her body. Her hair is braided and she has a cigarette in her mouth. She is wearing moccasins. The Native American on the right is also wearing a blanket, it is dark with light ribbon edges. Her hair is braided and has on a high tight necklace with vertical dark and light stripes. Behind them is a large white tent. Over the entrance flap is painted a sign: LOOK H ... The woman on the right is blocking the other parts of the sign.
Abrasion on image front. Smudges on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Two Native American men are standing looking at the camera.
Dirt on photograph. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A young Native American girl stands in the foreground looking at the camera. She is shading her eyes with her left hand and forearm. She is wearing a medium colored shirt which reaches to her thighs and under that, a dark skirt hemmed with a light ribbon which reaches to her shins. She is barefoot and standing in a field of medium-height grass. On the left edge of the photograph are the top and two sides of a tipi covered in canvas, painted with a dark triangular area curving around the bottom.
Processing stain in the left top of the sky, and small hair in the negative. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A Native American woman holds a dark horse with a blaze on its face by its reins. The horse is unsaddled. The woman has long braided hair, a light colored blouse, and a light blanket around her waist that reaches to just below her knees. She has on black stockings and moccasins. In the foreground is a low ground cover with pieces of paper, empty buckets and a folded blanket lying on it. In the left background is a small white tent.
Small brown stain in photograph near the top center edge. Light abrasions on photograph. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A Native American family with their canvas tent. A Native American woman with neck-length hair and wearing a patterned cloth blouse with sleeves leans out. Her right arm is steadying a small child at least a year old. The child is wearing an elk's tooth shirt, adult-sized shell necklaces and an oversize fringed skirt which reaches to the ground. She has on moccasins. To the far right is a young Native American man. He's wearing a flat-topped hat, a light-colored shirt and a dark vest. He is wearing dark pants. His legs are bowed, so he is possibly employed as a cowboy. He has loose shoulder-length hair.
Emulsion missing, cracked or dirty in negative at lower left, upper left, upper right center. Smudges on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A Native American sits on a horse. He wears a broad-brimmed grey hat with a feather in it. His hair is wrapped in light-colored cloth, he is wearing a dark hip-length coat, light pants and there is a light-colored bag tied to his saddle behind him. There is a lariat tied to his saddle in front of him. Behind him is a roofed wagon pulled by one dark horse and another man wearing a brimmed hat on a dark horse.
Tears in the negative emulsion. Abraisons on photograph, light smudges on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Two Native American riders mounted on their horses. The rider on the left is wearing a brimmed hat with a feather in it, a light-colored shirt and a dark vest. He is riding a dark horse. The rider on the right is also wearing a brimmed hat with a feather and he has on a dark shirt. His dark pants come to just below his knees, and he is wearing white knee socks.
Considerable cracking in the negative, all confined to the right half of the photograph. There also are two vertical bands in the photograph; the one on the right runs through the large cracked area, the one on the left is just to the right of the left hand hitching post upright.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. Two Native Americans are facing each other in the center of the photograph. The figure to the left has a plaid blanket over his shoulders which comes down to just above his hips. Under it he is wearing patterned cloth pants and undecorated moccasins. Sticking out of the cuffs of his pants are twigs and leaves, possibly insulation. The Native American woman on the right is struggling with her dark blanket in the wind. She is wearing light colored earrings on her left ear. She is wearing a dark blouse or shirt with a darker pattern on it. She is wearing plain moccasins with high tops like boots. There is a child standing very close to her. Sitting on the grass in the foreground is a tin or enamel coffee pot with a lid and a wire handle.
Abrasions on the photograph. Light smudges on back of the mount.
The mount appears to be a plain piece of cardboard unlike any of the other mounts. It is 4 x 4 1/8 inches.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. In the center of the photograph a woman is standing on the corner of Cragg's porch, facing the camera and wearing a light-colored dress. Underneath her dress she is wearing dark pants. She is barefoot. Far behind her on the porch is another person, possibly a Native American man wearing a dark shirt with a light-colored blanket around his waist. He is facing the camera. In the foreground is some trash which could be broken crockery. A sign on the building (Cragg's Store) reads: COLLINS AGUE CURE, an advertisement for a medicinal tonic.
There are two tears in the negative. Light abrasions on photograph, smudges on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript captions on recto. Men, horses and a buggy standing in front of a building. A man in a cowboy hat stands to the right of the horse. He has on a light shirt, dark belted pants and he is wearing cowboy boots. To the right of him, still in the middleground, a man is standing facing away from the camera. He has on a flat-topped straw hat with a wide dark band, a light shirt, and dark pants held up by suspenders. In the center of the far middleground are two men in a buggy with two horses harnessed to it. The man closest to the camera is wearing a brimmed hat with a rounded top and a dark vest over a light shirt. On the other side of the buggy seat is another man, leaning forward.
Circular tan stain at bottom edge of print. Abrasions on front of print. Light smudges on back of mount.
Caption written both above and below photograph.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A distant view of two men on horseback and surrounding buildings. The right side of the building in the distance (Cragg's Store) has a board and batten construction. A sign on the building reads: COLLINS AGUE CURE, an advertisement for a medicinal tonic. A pinto dog can be seen entering a hole under the porch.
In the left 1/4 of the photograph are some negative emulsion flaws most easily described as cracks. They are caused by uneven drying of the negative emulsion. They appear as irregular white lines surrounded by dark circles. The white lines are where the emulsion has pulled completely off the acetate base, the black circles are where the emulsion has thickened as it shrunk. Abrasions in center of photograph. Smudges on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. In the left foreground are the back left wheel and roof strut of a buggy. In the middleground just left of center, a horse and rider are moving left to right. In the background is Cragg's store, identified by its distinctive roof. The horse is at a walk, its rider is wearing all light clothing except for a dark vest. There are two or three people and horses around the store, but they have no detail. In the background between the buggy and the horse and rider is another large building.
Developing flaws in the sky and foreground. These take the form of light-colored clouds. Abrasions on photograph.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. The bottom half of this photograph is almost totally dark; the clearest features are those that are silhouetted against the sky. In the left half of the photograph is the roof of Cragg's store. To the right is the silhouette of a man on horseback, facing left. He is wearing a broadbrimmed hat, a light shirt and a dark vest. Between him and the store is a wagon pulled by two horses. In the bed of the wagon are heaped some goods, covered by canvas. The high front seat of the wagon has some more goods on it, and on the far side of the seat is a man, possibly standing on the front right wheel hub. He has on a cowboy hat, a light shirt and a dark vest. Two men are standing on the far side of the two horses.
In the sky are some processing stains and dark spots. Along the right edge is some serious cracking in the negative; these take the form of black areas, grey areas, and white streaks.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on the recto. In the center of the middleground is a mixed-breed black and white dog, facing right, and looking at the camera. In the background are several buildings, including Cragg's store, on the right. In front of the hitching post, at the left corner of the store, a man is standing, looking at the camera. He has on a light shirt and a dark vest and pants.
Abrasions on photograph, light smudges on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Five men are standing in a casual group looking at the camera. The man on the far right is bareheaded, has a handlebar mustache, a bandana around his neck, light colored shirt and coat, and dark striped pants. In his right hand he is holding the curved handle of a cane, in his left his hat. Behind him is the second man wearing a wide-brimmed hat and a medium-colored coat. Behind him and to his right is a third man wearing a cowboy hat and has a thin mustache. He has on a light shirt with a bandana around his neck. He is wearing dark pants. Further to his right is the fourth man wearing a howler hat with a wide headband, a light shirt with a necktie, a dark vest and dark pants. Immediately behind him on his right side is the fifth man wearing a light hat, mustache and a light shirt with a bandana around his neck. Along the left edge of the photograph is a sixth man seated on a bench or chair against the building behind him. He has on a flat-topped straw hat with a wide dark band, a medium shirt, and light pants.
Heavy abrasions on photograph.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Dawn in the corral. The entire foreground is dark. In the middleground are a group of men in front of a horizontal board fence. There are eleven men, mostly in silhouette, all are wearing hats. Some are wearing light colored shirts, some shirts with vests, some are wearing all dark clothes.
Abrasions on photograph. Smudges on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A man is standing in a yard with his left hand over his forehead and looking at the camera. He is wearing a medium-colored shirt and dark pants held up by suspenders. His right hand is behind his back. On the left edge of the photograph is the side of a house with two windows. The photographer's shadow is in the foreground, with the shadow of a man beside him.
Tears in negative emulsion in upper left of photograph which appear as large black areas with some white edges. Abrasion on front of photograph. Light smudges on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Three men are looking at a brush shelter or wickiup. One man has a small bag hanging on a strap from his right shoulder. It could the camera bag for Scott's camera. The wickiup is in the center of the photograph. Behind the wickiup is a wagon, the wheels of it are visible through the wickiup. To the right of the wickiup and slightly in front of it is a canvas tent, the side that is visible is staked to the ground with two stakes. Lying next to the tent on the ground is a tipi pole.
Abrasions on front of photograph. Smudges on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Four men, two mules and a buggy are posing for the camera. Three men are standing to the left of the buggy and facing it. The man on the left has on a cowboy hat, a light shirt and dark pants. The man in the center moved his upper body during the exposure, so his head is a blur. He is wearing dark clothes. The man on the right is wearing a cowboy hat, a light shirt, a medium-colored vest and dark pants. The photographer's shadow is in the bottom of the photograph.
This photograph is very dark and is purplish-brown. Abrasions on front of photograph.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A man is standing to the left of two horses hitched to a buggy. The man has on a light western hat, a white shirt, a light vest, dark pants and low-heeled shoes. Someone is sitting in the buggy's front seat, all that can be seen of him/her is the bottom of a left shoe and the bottom of a dress or coat covering his/her knee. The photographer's shadow can be seen at the bottom, to the left is the shadow of someone standing on the photographer's left.
Abrasions on photograph.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Two riders on horses walk (the exposure is not blurred so the speed must be slow) across the frame. The man on the lead horse has on a light-colored round-top hat with a broad brim, a bandana around his neck, a light colored shirt, dark pants and high boots. The man on the following horse is wearing a dark hat with a broad brim, a light shirt and medium colored pants. There is a wago behind them.
Light abrasions on photograph. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A horse and rider are moving left in the middleground. The rider is wearing a western hat with a curved brim, a light-colored shirt, a dark vest, dark pants and cowboy boots that come almost to his knees. He has a long barrel six shooter in a holster near his left waist. He has a short lariat lashed to the front of his saddle. A Native American man can be seen behind the horse wearing a colorful blanket to his shins, pants trimmed with ribbon and beaded moccasins. It is possible that Scott was about to take a photograph of the Native American and Jones rode his horse between the man and the camera.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A Native American man is standing in the center of the photograph in front of a wooden building identified as Brown's trading store. He has two braids wrapped in ribbon, dark skin, a blanket around his waist and is wearing moccasins. He has on a bowler hat, a light shirt and dark vest. He is wiping something on his blanket, or perhaps he has an apron over the blanket. He has an elastic around his right arm above the elbow. Brown's trading store is two stories high, with a low front porch. The building is made of horizontal logs, the shed is made of board and batten and both have factory made windows.
Abrasions on front of photograph, smudges on back of mount.
Mentioned in Titterton, page 204. This is the same location as plates #046 and #047.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Three people on a shadowed porch (Brown's trading store) with a horse in the right background. In the background on the right edge of the photograph is a large white building with what looks like a steeple in front of it, the side away from the camera.
Processing flaws running from bottom center to top center. Abrasions in image. Light smudges on back of mount.
This is the same location as plates #045 and #047.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A Native American man is standing outside of a grated window at Brown's trading store. The man is wearing a derby hat and three rings. He is wearing a light shirt, a dark vest and has a medium-colored blanket around his waist which reaches to his shins and wearing moccasins. The window is a large, and inside can be seen the side of a roll-top desk. The wall the window is set into is made of horizontal logs roughly squared off, the adze marks can still be seen.
Light abrasion on photograph. Smudges on back of mount. This is the same location as plates #045 and #046.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A barn and outbuildings in the left middleground. The barn is low and very large with a sway-back gable roof. A large shed building extends out from the barn towards the right. One or two telegraph poles can be seen behind the board fence.
Missing emulsion in negative at top edge, dirt on paper and image right edge. Minor abrasions on photograph surface. Smudges and ink stains on mount back.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. The interior of a tent which has a large "skylight" in it. Light shining through the skylight highlights the side of the tent below while the rest of the image is darker. In the immediate left foreground is a flat board or a low box, with some small objects laid out to the left of it. Bottles of various sizes are lined up across the image.
There are developing flaws in the form of light swirls in the dark areas. There are also two half-moon shaped dark vertical areas on both sides of the photograph, these also have developing flaws superimposed on them. Abrasions on front of mount. Smudges on back of mount.
This photograph may be the inside of a photographer's tent, with an array of his developing equipment set out.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. This photograph is seriously damaged. In the center a Native American on horseback is looking at the camera wearing a flat-topped broad brimmed hat, his hair in braids. He has on a light colored shirt and a dark vest. He has a dark blanket around his waist, he is wearing white stockings and moccasins. He has a lariat tied to his saddle. A part of the center part of the photograph has been torn off. On the left, behind the central horseman are other Native Americans on horseback.
A triangular area on the right of the photograph, about 1 1/2 inches by 2 1/2 inches by 2 1/4 inches has been torn off the mount, including the top layer of the mount. The right edge of the mount is also torn from the top to about half way down. On the back of the mount, along the same edge - now the left edge - paper has been torn off the surface of the mount and in the upper left hand corner is a big pool of a congealed liquid, possibly glue, possibly food. Other flaws in the image include a crackled area at the top of the photograph and developing flaws in the left half of the photograph. Back of mount has grey flower pattern, with stains in the top right corner.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Possibly a farmyard with a large building on the left and stray poultry in the yard. The large building may be a warehouse with a loading dock. At the corner of the building is a small white sign, it is too small to read. Near the center of the farmyard is a goose, facing left, looking for food. Behind the goose, closer to the right edge of the photograph are two other foraging geese, plus two that appear to be sitting in shallow holes in the ground.
Two of the photographer's fingers extend into the image area from the right. Missing emulsion in negative at top of photograph. Abrasions on photograph. Light smudges on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. This photograph may be a double exposure. In the foreground are two ghostly Native American women standing in front of what may be a large tree trunk. In the near background, at a diagonal, is a large log building with a window in its side. The roof line of the building is a steep diagonal line from the top of the photograph to left of the centerpoint. To the left of the corner of the eave is an open vertical board gate.
The bottom 1/4 of the photograph is a grey blur, a small section at the top of the photograph has missing emulsion in the negative. Abrasions on front of photograph. Smudges on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. This photograph is a double exposure.
A. The clearer of the two exposures: Standing in the center foreground is a Native American man, woman and child. The man is at the left of the group, facing right, but his torso and head is turned towards the camera. He is wearing a brimmed hat, a light colored shirt, light colored pants and moccasins. His right side is toward the camera and he is holding a piece of cloth under his right arm. To the right is a Native American woman, facing right. She is wearing what looks like a stiff thin cloth over her shoulders and underneath it, reaching to her shins, is a black dress or apron. Further to the right is a Native American child wearing an elk tooth shirt. Her lower body is not visible. In the distant left background is a large building with dark sides and a medium colored roof.
B. The dimmer of the two exposures: Standing in the right foreground is the ghostly image of a Native American man. He can be seen only from the waist down. On the extreme left of the photograph is a small ghostly tent with a big box in front of it. On the right edge is a small part of the background that is at a different height than the rest of the background in exposure A.
A large piece of the negative emulsion is missing at the very top of the photograph. Just to the right of the tree stump is a pea-sized area where emulsion is missing from the negative. Abrasions on photograph. Light smudges on back of mount.
These Native Americans do not appear to be the same Native Americans as in plate #027. This may even be a triple exposure.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. This photograph is overexposed and there is not much detail. A steer with its head lowered is in the left center of the photograph, looking at the camera. Directly behind the steer is a small shed in the background. There may be other steers and two men in the photograph.
Abrasions on the photograph. Light smudges on back of the mount.
Physical Description1 item
The series contains images made in and around Oklahoma. Some captions in this series date the images to October 1890, while the chronology below indicates Scott had already left Oklahoma by this time. However, Scott traveled through Oklahoma in order to reach his next destination, and thus these dates may be accurate and have been assigned to other images through context. Dates are assigned according to the following chronology:
1890 August 1 – Scott arrives at the Anadarko Indian Agency. His first letters say he took a lot of photographs of old frontiersmen. [Titterton, page 191]
1890 August 9 – Scott goes to Fort Sill, Oklahoma to witness beef ration issue. During his stay in Oklahoma he took many short trips around the Territory. [Titterton, page 191]
1890 September 28 – Scott left the Anadarko Agency for New Mexico. He travelled to Purcell, Oklahoma to catch the train west. [Titterton, page 206]
[1890 September 29 - October 2 - Travel from Oklahoma to New Mexico]
Not arranged according to any arrangement scheme.
Physical Description1 box
Title from manuscript caption on verso. A wagon pulled by two white horses is facing left. Five men are present. In the background are three store buildings. The man closest to the camera has on a high-topped brimmed hat, a light colored coat, dark pants and low boots. Another man is sitting on the seat of the wagon, facing the camera. He has on a broad-brimmed hat, a shirt, a bandana around his neck, and a coat. Three other people, one possibly a woman, are on the far side of the wagon. In the background are three stores. The building on the left has a great deal of merchandise on the sidewalk which appears to be hardware. There are two shovels on display. The building on the right has horse collars hanging in front of it. Above the doorway is a two line sign that appears to say AUC.YEOKER HARNESS MAKER. All three buildings have false fronts.
Abrasions on photograph. Smudges on front and back of mount.
Mentioned in Titterton, page 196.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Scene in a small town. Three men are gathered around a covered wagon On the ground are scattered papers and debris. In the background is a diagonal row of one-story stores with signs over their porches. From left to right the signs read: A. M. BURCH / ... ALE & FEED STABLE / ... [WA]GON YARD; WILL[LAM] PENNINGTON / [GRO]CERIES / QUE ... & GLASSWARE. The inferred or missing parts of the signs are concealed behind the post. A mule is hitched to a wagon which reads: PENNINGTON & CO; The wagon may be a delivery vehicle, and is loaded with goods covered by canvas.
Hair in upper left edge of photograph. Abrasions on surface of photograph, smudges on back of mount.
Mentioned in Titterton, page 196. Date assigned from context in related images.
Physical Description1 box
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A storefront with men sitting and standing in the shade under an awning. There are four men in the photograph, two of which are standing in the doorway in the center of the photograph. Inside the doorway is the vague figure of another person - possibly a woman - wearing a light-colored blouse, sitting on a stool, facing the doorway. Sitting on a bench to the right of the doorway are two African-American men. The left one has a dark hat, vest and pants, and a white shirt. He has a medium-colored bandana around his neck. The rightmost man is wearing a dark hat, suspenders and pants, and a white shirt.
Light abrasions on photograph, smudges on back of mount.
Date assigned from context in related images.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. A diagonal view of cotton scales with nine men posing for the camera. A man, or boy, is sitting on the top of the scales with his left hand holding his hat on. Seven men are standing on the ground near the scales. One man holds a handle that is attached to a chain leading to the top of the scales. Extending diagonally from the left edge of the photograph up to the scales are four bales of cotton wrapped in burlap. On the ground are pieces of cotton waste.
Abrasions on front of photograph. Photograph is not totally glued down on mount; there are bubbles of air under the print. Smudges on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. Six men are sitting or leaning on cotton bales, many of whom are also pictured in plate #058. The scales are in the background. There are two bales on either side of the row of men, and the tops of two bales in the left foreground. Cotton waste is on the ground.
Light abrasions on front of photograph. Light smudges on back of mount.
Date assigned from context in related images.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. A wagon carrying one bale of cotton is pulled by two mules at the cotton yard. The wagon driver is leaning against the back of his seat looking at the camera. On the left edge of the photograph is the scales and three people looking at the camera. In the background, just to left of center is a man standing on another wagon. On the right in the background are two wooden buildings.
Light abrasions on front of photograph. Smudges on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso.
A man in a grey military coat is standing in a garden behind a two story house. He is facing right and looking at the ground. He is wearing a light shirt with an open collar and dark pants. He has grey hair and a large mustache.
Mentioned in Titterton, page 196.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A dark image of a man standing in front of buildings. He is wearing a hat, a shirt and suspenders stands facing the camera. In his left hand he's holding his coat. Behind, him left to right is a telephone pole, a short stretch of road, a large building (perhaps a barn) and a small elongated building, like a series of sheds. Nothing in the foreground, except the top part of the man, is discernable.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A buggy pulled by two horses contains Quanah Parker and a companion. Quanah Parker is wearing braids, a white shirt with a bandana. He is holding the reins. Seated next to him is a woman with a medium-colored blouse. She has a large white cloth in her lap.
Abrasions on front of photograph.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A Native American man sit astride a horse at Fort Sill, Oklahoma. There are structures in the distance.
Many processing errors on photograph, most noticable in the sky area. Foxing on upper left corner of photograph and front of mount. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. A saddled horse, facing left, is tied to an upright post that is leaning left. In the middleground is a one-room log cabin with a shed attached to its right side. Further to the right is a one-horse buggy with a canvas top.
Smudges on image and on back of mount.
Same location as plate #066.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption. A small boy is standing in middle distance in the center of the photograph. He looks to be about eight years old. He is bare headed, he has on a checked shirt with a chest of a different material, and pants down to his shins. He is barefoot. In the background directly behind him is a one-room one-story house with a shed on its right side made of wide horizontal boards with mud between the boards. It has a shingle roof. It has a factory-made window and door. At the left edge of the photograph is an adult person with her back to the second building. This person is wearing a light-colored hat and a medium-colored coat. The photographer's shadow is in the foreground.
Stains, smudges and abrasions on photograph. Possible moisture damage at the left side of the photograph where the paper has rippled. Smudges on back of mount.
Same location as plate #065.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. Three men are standing in a semicircle in the near middleground. They are identified in the caption. The man on the left has on a light western hat, a long dark coat, reaching to his knees, grey pants with vertical stripes, and cowboy boots. A white collar is showing above his coat and he is wearing wire-rimmed eyeglasses. The man in the center has on a fedora with a broad brim, a light shirt, a coat, a vest, striped pants and scuffed shoes. In his left hand he is holding a pipe. He has a short mustache. The man on the right is wearing a broad-brimmed hat, a shirt with tie, a vest, jacket and striped pants.The photographer's shadow is in the foreground.
Abrasions and dirt on front of photograph, smudges on back of mount. Top right corner of mount is bent.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. A teen-aged boy is standing in the center of the photograph looking at the camera. He has on a broad-brimmed round top hat, a factory-made shirt, a vest, a coat, dark pants and shoes.
Light abrasions on photograph. Smudges on back of mount
Mentioned in Titterton, page 196.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. Five children pose in front of a fence with a white house in the background.
Light abrasions on photograph. Smudge marks on back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. A flatboat used as a ferry coming to the bank of a river on the left of the photograph. On the ferry are three men, and two horses hitched to a wagon. Two men are navigating the ferry towards the shore.
Foxing on photographic paper. Scratch in negative from lower left corner diagonally into image an inch and a half.
Illustrated in Titterton, page 212. Mentioned in text, page 196.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. The deck of a ferry boat littered with straw, the same as pictured in plate #070.
Three horizontal bubbles in the print.
Physical Description1 item
The series contains images made in and around Santa Fe, New Mexico. Dates are assigned according to the following chronology:
1890 October 2 – Scott arrives in Santa Fe, New Mexico. He spent two weeks there, conferring with Adolph Bandelier and others. [Titterton, page 211]
Not arranged according to any arrangement scheme.
Physical Description1 box
Title from manuscript caption on verso. Close-up of an unidentified woman, possibly wearing glasses and an Inverness coat.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. A soldier and a woman talk with two women seated in a horse drawn carriage. One of the seated women may be the woman pictured in plate #072.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A man in a top hat is sitting on a porch with a baby in his lap. To his left is a little girl holding her left hand over her eyes. On the extreme left edge of the photograph is another girl. In the left background is a three-story building Richard Rudisill of the Photo Archives of the Palace of the Governors identified as the Catron School.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. A number in people in formal dress linger as a solider and his companions walk past. Context from the other plates in the series suggest they are on their way to the military parade grounds.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A man, presumably Captain Summerhayes or Summerhays, plays with his dogs. In a gap between the trees on the right can be seen the top of the St. Francis Cathedral with its unfinished Romanesque spires.
This is the same setting as in plate #077.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A man, presumably Captain Summerhayes or Summerhays, plays with his dogs while others look on. The large grey classical building in the background is the existing Federal Courthouse.
This is the same setting as in plate #076.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. A man, possibly a soldier, rides a horse at a fast pace past the camera.
This is the same horse as pictured in plate #079. The location can be inferred as the U. S. Military parade ground, Santa Fe, New Mexico, by comparing this photograph with plates #080, #081, and #083.
Emulsion in the negative cracked and missing at top of photograph.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. A horseman rides left to right in front of an adobe wall. Behind the wall on the left is the cupola of a Victorian building, which Richard Rudisill of the Photo Archives of the Palace of the the Governors identified as the Palace Hotel, on Washington Street north of Marcy Street.
Emulsion in the negative cracked and missing at top and right side of photograph. Smudges on back of mount.
The horse's stockings match those in #078.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Two young women are watching the parade grounds from under a large tree. In the background are soldiers, some in groups. Richard Rudisill of the Photo Archives of the Palace of the Governors identified the building in the background with the large white awning as the Catron House, a private residence, also seen in plate #82.
The tree, the taller girl and the left-most building are also seen in plate #081.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A man and three or four children stand under a tree near the military parade grounds. Richard Rudisill of the Photo Archives of the Palace of the Governors identified the Gothic church tower seen in the left background as the Presbyterian church, the first of three buildings on that site at the intersection of Grant Avenue and Griffin Street.
The tree, the tallest girl, and the right-most building are also seen in plate #080.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Lines of soldiers march with bayonets as a military band plays in the center middleground. The background fence and buildings are similar to plate #80, identified in the caption as the military parade ground in Santa Fe. Richard Rudisill of the Photo Archives of the Palace of the Governors identified the building with the large white awning as the Catron House, a private residence and the building on the hill as the Hayt-Wingate House, also a private residence.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. About ten horses, some behind the others, are standing in a corral.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Very dark image of buildings in the middleground and a tower in the background, identified by Richard Rudisill of the Photo Archives of the Palace of the Governors as a fire alarm located next to the firehouse on Lincoln Avenue, behind the Governor's Palace.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Laundry hangs on a line in Santa Fe, New Mexico.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A very dark image of the roof of a building silhouetted against a dark sky. The only visible details of the building are a chimney and an upper window. Possible other details are windows and a door on the ground floor of the building.
Physical Description1 item
The series contains images made in and around Laguna, New Mexico. Dates are assigned according to the following chronology:
1890 October 16 – Scott goes to Laguna Pueblo for a week. [Titterton, page 244]
Not arranged according to any arrangement scheme.
Physical Description1 box
Title from manuscript caption on recto. First word of caption is difficult to read. A woman, presumably Mrs. Robert G. Marmon, stands with a child under trees near a white fence. A house, and possibly another figure in the doorway, are in the background.
A printing error has the image circle offset to the right 1/2 inch and the bottom of the circle just touches the edge of the photo paper. Another image on the film can be seen exposed to the left.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Two men, one of which is presumably Major Davis, ride horses through the foreground towards a line of about 30 calvarymen in the distance. Behind the line are some buildings including a water tower and a telegraph or telephone pole, which are possibly part of the railroad that ran very close to Laguna Pueblo. The shadow of the photographer is in the foreground.
Damage to the negative is seen in the darkest parts of the print.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Three cavalry men ride right to left in front of a thick grove of trees, which is surrounded by a wooden fence.
Damage to the negative is seen in the darkest parts of the print.
Physical Description1 item
Cavalrymen ride right to left in front of a fenced-in wooded area. The photographer's shadow is in the foreground.
Considerable emulsion cracking in the negative.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A Native American, the top of his head facing the camera, is bent over and holding onto a dressed timber. His is wearing a bandana, a grey shirt and white pants. In the background is a fenced-in grove of trees.
This is only the left half of a photograph pasted on the center of a mount. Considerable emulsion cracking in the negative.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A Native American man is leaning on an adobe-covered wall. He is wearing a broad-brimmed hat, a patterned shirt, white pants, moccasins, and is holding a long whip in his left hand. Behind the man is a small wooden box and perhaps some pottery shards. In the background is a grove of trees.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A Native American man is digging with his back towards the camera. In the background is a wall of the Laguna mission church, and on the right, a wall of irregular rectangular stones. In the foreground is a low mound of stones.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A man is looking into the doorway of an adobe house. He is wearing a hat with a floppy brim, a white shirt and darker pants. Staple crops hang to dry. The shadows of the photographer and three observers are in the foreground.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A man is outside a small doorway bent over and talking to a woman inside who is pouring something into the man's sack. The photographer's shadow is in the right foreground.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
lIIustrated in Donaldson, page 96-3.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A Native American is standing in the foreground just to the right of center, looking at the camera. He has a bandana around his head, is wearing a white shirt and white pants, and has a blanket wrapped around his middle with part of it thrown over his left shoulder. He is wearing moccasins and pueblo-style leggings.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern. Illustrated in Donaldson 122-2.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A tall thin Native American man stands between a pair of railroad tracks at Laguna Pueblo. He is wearing a bandana, a patterned shirt, dark pants, Native American-style leggings and shoes or moccasins. Directly behind him, alongside the tracks, is a small structure made of railroad ties chinked with adobe. To the right of the house three railroad ties have been placed upright in the ground.
Considerable foxing in upper right corner of paper. Smudges on the front and back of mount.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A gate, or an opening between two buildings with a room built over it that connects the buildings on either side.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern which is smudged. Illustrated in Donaldson, page 123-1. Similar to plate #099.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A gate, or an opening between two buildings with a room built over it that connects the buildings on either side.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern which is smudged. Illustrated in Donaldson, page 123-1. Similar to plate #098.
Physical Description1 item
Title assigned by cataloger, location informed by context. A view along the edge of the mesa at Laguna Pueblo.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title assigned by cataloger, location informed by context. A view of some adobe dwellings at Laguna Pueblo.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title assigned by cataloger, location informed by context. A view of a courtyard and some adobe dwellings at Laguna Pueblo. A resident sits on a horse in the left of the frame, while a woman stands on the roof of a dwelling, presumably her own.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A view of the pueblo interior and residences.
Foxing on mount edges. Black hair shows at top edge of photograph. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A view of a pueblo courtyard or plaza with residences.
Illustrated in Donaldson, 123-6.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A distant photograph of a shallow river running along the base of cliffs. There is no vegetation visible in the photograph. Six cattle are watering at the river.
Light abrasion on photograph. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript captions on recto, both above and below the image. A distant shot either from or of the pueblo of Laguna, so distant that only a few white buildings are visible. In front of the pueblo is a large corral. The photograph was taken from a rocky hill with a few bushes on it, which is in the foreground. Beyond the pueblo are low mesas.
Areas of grey shadows are present across the entire print, which may be light leaks or some problem in processing. The print is also off-center with a black area along its right edge. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A faint trail runs between a stone wall and a settlement in the distance.
Two large shadows (possibly the photographers fingers) extend into the image area from the right. If fingers, the assumption is that these were not on the lens, but an inch or two in front of it. There also is a vertical line that extends from top to bottom of the photograph.
The title is a paradox, as the pueblo is called Laguna, which means lake or pool in Spanish. It could be the trail from the pueblo of Laguna to the lake of Laguna; or it could be a trail from the nearby pueblo of Acoma to the pueblo of Laguna or vice versa.
Physical Description1 item
The series contains images made in and around Acoma, New Mexico. Dates are assigned according to the following chronology:
1890 October 23 – Scott goes to Acoma Pueblo. He eats his first Native American meal. [Titterton, page 216]
1890 no date – Scott goes back to Laguna to take the train to Fort Wingate, New Mexico. [Titterton, page 219]
Not arranged according to any arrangement scheme.
Physical Description1 box
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A path between monumental rock formations (free-standing monoliths, or hoodoos) high up on a mesa, and a mesa wall on the right. Leaning against a wall to the left is a member of the census party in a dark hat, dark shirt and dark coat with a light-colored box or sheaf of papers under his right arm. He may have a cigarette in his mouth.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern. Illustrated in Titterton, page 217.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Three Native Americans on a rooftop at Acoma. They are near a beehive-shaped oven known in Spanish as a homo (HOR-no).
Foxing on front of mount and bottom of photo paper.
Illustrated in Titterton, page 218. Illustrated in Donaldson, 94-5. Donaldson's caption is: Family of Musico, silversmith of Acoma.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Residents, including children, peer over a pueblo wall.
There is a large developing flaw in the sky and a similar one in the upper left corner of the photograph. Random abrasions on the photograph. Light smudges on back of mount.
This is similar to plates #111 and #112, except either those two or this plate are reverse images.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Five residents, including two young children and a toddler, peer over a pueblo wall. Staple goods hang to dry on the dwellings near them. The door to the left presumably leads into their residence.
Illustrated in Donaldson, page 94-1. The caption is: On a house top at Acoma, New Mexico.
This is identical to plate #112. Both of these photographs are similar to plate #110, except either #110 or these two are reverse images.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Five residents, including two young children and a toddler, peer over a pueblo wall. Staple goods hang to dry on the dwellings near them. The door to the left presumably leads into their residence.
Illustrated in Donaldson, page 94-1. The caption is: On a house top at Acoma, New Mexico.
This is identical to plate #111. Both of these photographs are similar to plate #110, except either #110 or these two are reverse images.
Physical Description1 item
The series contains images made in and around the area from Fort Wingate, New Mexico to Fort Defiance and then Keams Canyon, Arizona. Dates are assigned according to the following chronology:
1890 October 26 – Scott is in Fort Wingate. There he meets with other officials headed for the Moqui Towns in Arizona and they plan to travel together. The officials were General A. D. McCook and his military escort, and Commissioner of Indian Affairs Thomas Jefferson Morgan and his wife. [Titterton, pages 219 and 244]
1890 October 27 – Scott and officials leave Fort Wingate for Keams Canyon via Fort Defiance. [Titterton, page 220]
1890 October 31 – Scott and party arrive at Keams Canyon and are greeted by Thomas Keam. Keam has a trading post and since 1887 ran a boarding school for Moqui children in his home. School attendance was voluntary. In November 1890, the average daily attendance was 26 children. The school Superintendent was Ralph P. Collins. [Titterton, pages 220 and 233]
Not arranged according to any arrangement scheme.
Physical Description1 box
Title from manuscript caption on verso. Two men pose, one wearing a military uniform with a dark hat and coat. The standing man, on the right, is wearing a dark broad-brimmed hat, a light colored shirt, a medium colored vest, and dark pants. The skylight in the structure behind them suggests this may be a photographer's studio.
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Title from manuscript caption on recto. Men and a woman pose with horses and wagons before large rock formations somewhere in the New Mexico or Arizona desert. Standing in front are two figures that look like Commissioner and Mrs. Thomas Morgan.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Two men ride horses and another stands near a sloping hill or low-lying butte.
There is a vertical area of overexposure along the right edge of the photograph. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. General McCook is standing at the left of the photograph, facing right. He has on a civilian suit and a hat with a wide brim, a bandana around his neck, and he is wearing shoes. He has a mustache, and a cigar in his mouth. He is standing on the flat grassy floor of a broad canyon. Directly behind him is a large butte (or mesa).
Foxing on mount and in both left corners of the photographic paper. Smudges on back of mount. There is a broad vertical band of overexposed area near the right edge of the photograph; this may be the result of winding the film in the camera or opening the camera to take the roll out when there was too much ambient light. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
According to Titterton, the correct spelling of the general's name is General A. D. McCook. His full name is Alexander McDowell McCook.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript captions on recto. Mr. and Mrs. Morgan are captured walking near a line of tents at Rock Spring, New Mexico, with men setting up camp behind them.
There is a vertical area of overexposure along the right edge of the photograph. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Illustrated in Titterton, page 221.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Two mounted men on horses facing right. The sun is behind them, their shadows are in the foreground. They are wearing standard US Cavalry uniforms.
The negative has lost a lot of emulsion at the bottom of the photograph, this appears as a black area. Smaller amounts of black are along the lower left edge. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
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Title from manuscript caption on recto. Men, wagons and horses under a big ponderosa pine. A man takes supplies, presumably food, out of a wooden crate.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
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Title from manuscript caption on recto. Dark print. Six men are sitting in a line on the ground, cooking and eating.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. View of the landscape off the trail to Keams Canyon.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
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Title from manuscript caption on recto. Distant view of eight to ten large white tents.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Thirty-one small Native American children and one teacher stand in front of a one-story house with a porch roof held up by slender columns.
First two lines of the caption are written on the print. Illustrated in Titterton, page 238.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. In the left middleground is a corrugated iron building, pictured again in plates #125 and 126. In the center is a group of horses with one Native American man standing between the building and the horses.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Eight Navajos are visible standing around some others seated on the ground. On the left is a large corrugated iron building, likely the same building as in plates #124 and #126. The photographer's shadow is in the left foreground.
A two centimeter stain of dried liquid is in the upper left comer of the photograph, a third of it in the image area. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Eight to ten men are visible, two standing in the foreground, some behind them sitting on the ground. A child is in the foreground on the right. To the left is a corrugated iron building, possibly another side of the building in plates #124 and #125.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A Navajo woman attends to a sheep with a dog, more sheep, and the trading post in the background. Another Navajo woman walks across the middleground. The photographer's shadow is in the right foreground.
Smudges on back of mount. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Duplicate of plate #128.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A Navajo woman attends to a sheep with a dog, more sheep, and the trading post in the background. Another Navajo woman walks across the middleground. The photographer's shadow is in the right foreground.
Smudges on back of mount. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Duplicate of plate #127.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Three Navajo men stand in the foreground facing the camera. The man on the left is wearing a black brimless hat and is wrapped in a black blanket from chin to foot. The man in the center is wearing a hat like a beret, a horizontally-striped blanket over his shoulders to his thighs, and floral patterned pants. He is holding a straight stick and a crooked, branched stick. They both could be quirts. He has a three-strand shell fetish necklace around his neck. The man to the far right has a bandana on his head, and is wearing a dark blanket over his shoulders. He has on dark pants.
Duplicate of plate #130. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Three Navajo men stand in the foreground facing the camera. The man on the left is wearing a black brimless hat and is wrapped in a black blanket from chin to foot. The man in the center is wearing a hat like a beret, a horizontally-striped blanket over his shoulders to his thighs, and floral patterned pants. He is holding a straight stick and a crooked, branched stick. They both could be quirts. He has a three-strand shell fetish necklace around his neck. The man to the far right has a bandana on his head, and is wearing a dark blanket over his shoulders. He has on dark pants.
Duplicate of plate #129. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Three Native Americans wrapped in blankets with the photographer's shadow in the foreground.
Right edge of print has a vertical black area. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Fifty or so sheep are milling around an area enclosed by boulders. In the background on the left is a building, in the center is a pyramid-shaped rock, on the right is a hill. The photographer's shadow is in the foreground.
Negative torn, top edge. Back of mount has grey flower pattern. Duplicate of plate # 133.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Fifty or so sheep are milling around an area enclosed by boulders. In the background on the left is a building, in the center is a pyramid-shaped rock, on the right is a hill. The photographer's shadow is in the foreground.
Negative torn, top edge. Back of mount has grey flower pattern. Duplicate of plate #132.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript captions on recto. A man, presumably Thomas Keam, stands in left forground as a flock of white pigeons takes flight.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
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Title from manuscript caption on recto. A saddled white horse stands on a sloping rocky surface. There is a rope leading from its bridle off the edge of the photograph to the left. In the background is a single tree.
Stains on lower card mount. Smudges on back of mount.
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Title from manuscript caption on recto. Dogs, presumably part of the census party, sit and walk among desert rocks.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A white-faced short-horn cow is in the foreground looking at the camera. In the right foreground are six sheep. In the left middleground is a dog. In the background is a man dressed in western clothes.
Line of dirt running vertically on photograph. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A double-exposure. The principal image has a saddled white horse, facing right. There is a rope leading from its bridle off the edge of the photograph to the right. Behind it is a man, and to the right a large rocky slope. The second image is best seen in the sky where the shadow of another rock slope or wall is visible. The figure of a second man is discernible in the middle of the print as if posing against this other slope.
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This series contains images made in and around the Hopi mesas near Keams Canyon, Arizona. The names of the mesas (such as Second, Middle, or Shupaulovi) are interchangeable, and the spelling and use of native words (like Moqui for Hopi) is also inconsistent. The titles of the photographs are transcribed from captions on the mounts and may use one designation or spelling while another more modern or standardized designation is given in the description. To aid in this, the three Hopi mesas are as follows:
Walpi, Sichomovi, and Hano, on the First or East Mesa; Mishongnovi, Shongopovi, and Shupaulovi, on the Second or Middle Mesa; Oraibi, on the Third or West Mesa.
Dates in this series are assigned and given context according to the following chronology:
1890 November 5 – Thomas Keam led Scott and his party to First Mesa. [Titterton, page 222]
1890 November 9 – All Moqui leaders attended a conference at Keams Trading Post with the Commissioner. Moqui grievances were aired. The Commissioners stressed the importance of having Hopi children attend the boarding school. The Moqui leaders did not object to their children learning the three "R"s, they did object to the religious indoctrination the school also provided. After the conference, the Commissioner and military left for Fort Wingate, leaving Scott with Keam and Collins. [Titterton, page 231]
1890 November 16 – Scott, Keam and Superintendent Collins started out to collect children for the school. There were many ugly confrontations with Moqui parents and medicine men. In many cases they took children by force. [Titterton, page 233]
1890 December 14 – Scott returned to Fort Wingate, NM. [Titterton, page 241]
1890 circa December 18 – Scott arrives in Zuni and stays there for a few days. [Titterton, page 241]
1890 December 29 – Scott leaves Albuquerque for the east. [Titterton, page 242]
1891 January 31 – Scott arrives in Plainfield, NJ, his home. [Titterton, page 247]
Not arranged according to any arrangement scheme.
Physical Description1 box
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Taken from the front of a wagon on the way to a mesa.
Blue desposits on photograph at top right edge, possibly blue paint.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto.
Illustrated in Donaldson, 67-2. Donaldson's caption is: ANCIENT PROVINCE OF TUSAYAN. View of the Second Mesa. from the desert. Arizona.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A man is walking across the frame while others unpack wagons behind him, likely about to set up camp. The central figure may be wearing 19th century sunglasses.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso, which is derived from Donaldson. Thirteen mounted horsemen are pictured facing away from the camera. The right-most rider, on the white horse, is identified as Lieutenant Kingsbury in plate #144.
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Title from manuscript caption on recto. General McCook stands as men either break down or set up camp.
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Title from manuscript caption on verso. A man identified as Lieutenant Kingsbury sits facing right on a white horse. His saddle blanket has a wide light stripe around it with a "2" in the corner. This is the same man on the white horse in plate #142.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Lieutenant Kingsbury is mounted on his horse facing right while other cavalrymen appear to pack up camp behind him.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Six Native American men look down from the roof of a kiva as the census party ascends the trail to First Mesa. Illustrated in Donaldson, 54-2. Donaldson's caption is: Among the Moquis. On the First Mesa near Tewa. Coming up the trail is Genl. McCook, behind him Lieut's Baker and Persing. Arizona. The men identified in Donaldson's caption are in the lower right corner of the photograph.
There are ten brown spots on the photographic paper. There is a processing flaw along the center of the right edge of the photograph. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. Print is overexposed. The image is possibly the southern tip of First Mesa taken from a low angle in the southeast. There are at least two figures in the foreground. Perhaps the census party on ascent to the First Mesa.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A family looks out from the balcony of their pueblo residence.
Illustrated in Donaldson, 55-2. Donaldson's caption is: Ancient Province of Tusayan. On the First Moqui Mesa. A scene at Si-chum-na-vi. Arizona.
There is a vertical processing flaw in the right of the photograph. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A small pine tree is growing from the rock on First Mesa. In the left foreground is the shadow of the photographer and left of that, another man's shadow.
There is a vertical light streak up the middle of the photograph.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A view of residents at the First Mesa.
lIIustrated in Donaldson, 55-5. Donaldson's caption is: Ancient Province of Tusayan. On the first Moqui Mesa a scene at Walpi. Arizona.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A view of a courtyard and residents at the First Mesa.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A cleft between two mesas.
Scratches and abrasions on photograph. A vertical flaw near right edge of print. Evidence of writing on the negative is visible in reverse.
lIIustrated in Donaldson, page 63-5. The caption for the whole page is: Illustrations of Moqui Water Supply, Springs and Gardens. The caption for this photograph is: 5. Shi-paul-a-vi.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. A Native American family looks down from their pueblo balcony into a small court. A man identified as Fred Dee on plate #156 is adjusting his hat while another man in silhouette appears to peer inside a residence window.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Distant view of the Second Mesa, Shipaulovi.
Emulsion missing from the negative in the upper right corner of the photograph. Dirt on photograph. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A gateway at the edge of a mesa.
Illustrated in Donaldson, 67-4. Donaldson's caption is: ANCIENT PROVINCE OF TUSAYAN. Moqui Country, A. T. South-western gate of Mi-shong-i-ni-vi, on the Second Mesa. Arizona.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A man is standing in the foreground facing left. His arms are folded across his chest. He is wearing a flat-topped broad-brimmed hat, a dark shirt, a cartridge belt, light-colored pants, boots and leggings or puttees. He has a large mustache.
Fred Dee is also pictured in plate #153.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A woman is standing on a flat mesa tossing wheat and chaff into the air from a shallow basket. She is barefoot. In the foreground is a large rock, on her left is a small pool of water. In the background is a barren plain.
Illustrated in Donaldson, 58-5. Donaldson's caption is: ANCIENT PROVINCE.
There is a small yellow stain on the photograph in the sky area just to the left of the woman. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. View of men and a child working near a wall at Shipaulovi.
lIIustrated in Donaldson, 65-5. Donaldson's caption is: ANCIENT PROVINCE OF TUSAYAN. Second Moqui Mesa. Children outside the walls of Mi-shong-i-ni-vi. Arizona.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Seven people are on an adobe building. In front of the building are two horses hitched to a wagon, perhaps a wagon loaded with firewood.
lIIustrated in Donaldson, 61-5. Donaldson's caption is: IN THE ANCIENT PROVINCE OFTUSAY AN. Second Moqui Mesa. Northwest corner of the great court of of Shi-Paul-a-vi. Most of the figures on the top of the building are Navajos, who were there trading. Arizona.
Light abrasions on photograph, ink stains in corner of photo paper. Back of mount bas grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Four people, including a child and a man in Western-style dress, are gathered near a kiva at Second Mesa.
Illustrated in Donaldson, 64-1. Donaldson's caption is: Ancient Province of Tusayan. Second Moqui Mesa. The Estufa outside the walls Shi-paul-a-vi, Arizona.
Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. Well-preserved albumen print with no fading. A man on a horse leading a pack horse around a complex of stone walls and stone steps that lead to a large pool of water just above the bottom edge of the photograph. Clouds are visible.
Illustrated in Donaldson, page 63-2. The caption for the whole page is: Illustrations of Moqui Water Supply, Springs and Gardens. The caption for this photograph is: 2. Mi-shong-na-vi.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. Four Hopi stand around a pool of water, presumbly a spring used to water livestock.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on verso. Resting men, horses and wagons are pictured with a spring in the foreground near First Mesa.
Ink spots on back of mount. Back of mount has grey flower pattern.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Pueblo residents working in the cornfields at the base of a mesa.
Physical Description1 item
The series contains images of the Snake Dance at Walpi or First Mesa, Arizona on August 21, 1891. The same event was photographed by both Ben Wittick and Charles F. Lummis and a photographer's tripod (likely Wittick's) is visible in some of the Scott prints. According to Wittick's account, General Alexander McDowell McCook, commanding the district of Arizona, and staff (Dr. Washington Matthews, an ethnologist and Special Agent John Donaldson) were also present.
The following chronology places this event in the broader context of Scott's work with the census:
1891 February-July – Scott writes his report on the Hopis. [Titterton, page 248]
1891 early August – Scott goes by train to Holbrook AZ, then spends two days getting to Keams Canyon. Scott stays with Thomas Keam for several weeks. [Titterton, page 252]
1891 August 21 – Scott photographs the Walpi Snake Dance. [Titterton, page 259]
1891 September 15 – Scott's commission as Special Agent expires. [Titterton, page 263]
1891 early October – Scott arrives back in Plainfield NJ. [Titterton, page 263]
1892 January – Scott delivers manuscript and art in person to Donaldson in Washington D.C. [Titterton, page 263]
1893 – Extra Census Bulletin published.
Not arranged according to any arrangement scheme.
Physical Description1 box
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A man in Western-style dress, very likely General Alexander McDowell McCook, poses on the main plaza at Walpi, near the Sacred Rock.
Illustrated in Donaldson, 72B-1. Donaldson's caption is: Sacred Rock at Walpi Around Which the Dancers Move.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Spectators, including the man pictured in plate #166, gather to witness the Snake Dance.
Illustrated in Donaldson, 72B-3. Donaldson's caption is: Spectators Waiting for the Snake Dance.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. A general view of the Walpi plaza just before the Snake Dance. The white drapery on the left of the plaza is the kisi or bower that initially holds the snakes.
Illustrated in Donaldson, 72A-1. Donaldson's caption is: Scene of the Snake Dance at Walpi, Looking North. Illustrated in Titterton, page 260.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. Mount is signed in ink by Julian Scott on verso. View of Walpi plaza and spectators as three Antelope priests dance.
Illustrated in Donaldson, 72B-2 where the image has been altered. Donaldson's caption is: Rear of the Antelope Order.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. An adult Hopi Snake dancer and a Hopi boy dressed as a snake dancer are standing in the center of the photograph. A man in Western-style dress is crouched down and touching the boy on his upper left arm. On the left can be seen the kisi or bower that initially holds the snakes. Farther back from the kisi is a line of Snake Dancers. Beyond them is a photographer, a leg of his tripod extends out to the left. This is very likely Ben Wittick or possibly Charles F. Lummis, photographers who also photographed the Walpi Snake Dance that day.
Illustrated in Donaldson, 72D-1. Donaldson's caption is: Old and Young Snake Dancers. Plate #170 and this plate were taken moments apart.
Physical Description1 item
Title from manuscript caption on recto. An adult Hopi Snake dancer and a Hopi boy dressed as a snake dancer are standing in the center of the photograph. On the left can be seen the kisi or bower that initially holds the snakes. Farther back from the kisi is a line of Snake Dancers. Beyond them and blocked by the adult dancer is a photographer, a leg of his tripod extends out to the right. This is very likely Ben Wittick or possibly Charles F. Lummis, photographers who also photographed the Walpi Snake Dance that day.
Illustrated in Donaldson, 72D-3. Donaldson's caption is: Youngest of the Snake Order. Plate #169 and this plate were taken moments apart.
Physical Description1 item
The series contains non-photographic materials related to and derived from the collection.
Not arranged according to any arrangement scheme.
Physical Description1 box
Written at "Kiowa, Comanche and Wichita Agency, Anadarko, Indian Territory." Personal letter apologizing for a quick departure for the 1890 census, recounting the purchase of a Kodak camera, and containing opinions and observations on Native People encountered so far. Incomplete.
Physical Description1 folder
Full-text of the chronology, history, and description of the collection written by Austin Lamont and adapted into this finding aid.
Physical Description1 folder
Four CD-ROMs containing a digital version of the research information provided with the collection as well as digital images of all the photographs.
Physical Description1 folder