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William L. Dayton Papers
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Held at: Princeton University Library: Manuscripts Division [Contact Us]
This is a finding aid. It is a description of archival material held at the Princeton University Library: Manuscripts Division. Unless otherwise noted, the materials described below are physically available in their reading room, and not digitally available through the web.
Overview and metadata sections
Born in Somerset County, New Jersey in 1807, Dayton attended Trenton Academy and graduated from Princeton College with the Class of 1825. He studied law and became a practicing attorney in Freehold, New Jersey. In 1842, Dayton was tapped by Governor William Pennington to fill a vacant U.S. Senate seat, and he was then elected for a full term as a Whig. After a defeat for reelection in 1850, a failed bid for vice president in 1856, and a failed bid for president in 1860, Dayton was appointed U.S. minister to France (1861-1864). While in Paris, Dayton suffered from depression and other physical ailments, and he was unable to stop Napoleon III from invading Mexico. He suffered an untimely death in Paris in 1864.
The Dayton Papers consist, for the most part, of correspondence and documents illustrative of the role of Dayton as U.S. minister to France (1861-1864) during most of the Civil War. Included are diplomatic dispatches, legation accounts, personal correspondence, documents pertaining to household affairs in Paris (insurance policies, leases, etc.), and material relating to his sudden death. In addition, there is a box of others' papers, most of which contains correspondence written to and by his son, William Lewis Dayton Jr., Class of 1858, who served as second secretary in the Legation of Paris during his father's lifetime and who was later himself minister to the Hague 1882-1885, together with a few papers concerning other members of the family.
An item of historical interest is William L. Dayton, Jr.'s eye-witness account (in a 30-page letter) of the naval battle (June 19, 1864) between the Union steamer Kearsarge and the Confederate steamer Alabama off the coast of Cherbourg, France, which he observed from shore after delivering a dispatch to the Kearsarge's Captain Winslow. There are also catalogs of Dayton's law and general libraries in Trenton, New Jersey.
Material from the Dayton Papers has been used in the following articles: Dictionary of American Biography "Americans in Paris," a catalogue of a Princeton Library exhibition, Princeton University Library Chronicle, XVII, 4 (Summer, 1956), Nos. 86-110. "A Diplomat's Mailbag: William Lewis Dayton in Paris, 1861-1864," ibid., XX, 3 (Spring 1959).
The following books have been consulted in the course of arranging the papers: Dictionary of American Biography United States Diplomatic Correspondence, Papers Relating to Foreign Affairs, 1861-1869. Bigelow, John. Retrospections of an Active Life. New York, 1909. 3 vols. 1083.179 Jordan, H. Donaldson, and E. J. Pratt, Europe and the American Civil War. 1931. 1084.27.502 Owsley, Frank Laurence, King Cotton Diplomacy, Foreign Relations of the Confederate States of America. Chicago, 1931. 1084.75.692 Wilson, Beckles, America's Ambassadors to France, 1777-1927. 1928. 1096.974 Material from the Dayton Papers has been used in the following articles: "Americans in Paris," a catalogue of a Princeton Library exhibition, Princeton University Library Chronicle, XVII, 4 (Summer, 1956), Nos. 86-110. "A Diplomat's Mailbag: William Lewis Dayton in Paris, 1861-1864," ibid., XX, 3 (Spring 1959).
The Collection of materials known as the William Lewis Dayton Papers, which was for some time on deposit in the Manuscripts Division of the Princeton University Library, was given to the Library in November of 1953 by A. Dayton Oliphant, Class of 1910, a collateral descendant of Dayton and a Justice of the Supreme Court of New Jersey.
No appraisal information is available.
People
Organization
- College of New Jersey (Princeton, N.J.). Class of 1825.
- College of New Jersey (Princeton, N.J.). Class of 1858.
- Alabama (Steamer : 1850)
- Kearsarge (Screw sloop-of-war)
Subject
- Insurance, Fire -- France -- 19th century
- France -- Foreign relations -- United States -- 1852-1870
- Private libraries -- New Jersey -- Trenton -- 19th century
- Diplomatic and consular service, American -- 19th century
Place
- United States -- Foreign relations -- France -- 1861-1865.
- United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Naval operations.
- United States -- History, Naval -- To 1900.
Occupation
- Publisher
- Manuscripts Division
- Finding Aid Date
- 1999
- Access Restrictions
-
Collection is open for research use.
- Use Restrictions
-
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. No further photoduplication of copies of material in the collection can be made when Princeton University Library does not own the original. Inquiries regarding publishing material from the collection should be directed to RBSC Public Services staff through the Ask Us! form. The library has no information on the status of literary rights in the collection and researchers are responsible for determining any questions of copyright.
Collection Inventory
Consists of two fragments regarding the Alabama-Kearsage engagement.
Not arranged according to any arrangement scheme.
Physical Description1 box
Contains 2 fragments concerned with the engagement; translation of a document from an unidentified source, undated, concerning a statement made by C. F. Adams critical of French activity, six documents concerning a suit involving John L. McKnight, 1861 and memo of loan, 1863 August 4.
Physical Description1 folder
Consists primarily of letters to and from William Dayton.
Arranged by Dayton's relation to the correspondence.
Physical Description4 boxes
The letters are copies or rough drafts and sent from Paris unless otherwise indicated.
Physical Description2 boxes
1 folder
1 folder
One letter, undated; 15 May (two letters) 18 May, 6 June (two letters), 21 June (two letters) 5 July, 27 July, 31 July (at the end of a letter from Frederick Billings in Paris to Mr. Dayton), 3, 8, 16, and 21 August, 6 and 30 September, 16 October, and 6 November 1861; 27 and 29 February and 9 December 1862
Physical Description1 folder
Two letters, dated 1861 June 12 and 1861 September 15
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(concerning letter found in a bottle off the coast of Algiers.)
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Includes introduction of Col. Fardella of 9 July.
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Written 13 July 18-- on the Mississippi above Galena, Iowa.
Physical Description1 folder
Written from Trenton.
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See also letters to Fleury, Metétal, and the Minister of Justice, and the translation of a letter to Dayton signed Bonneville.
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Letter of 12 July 1861 introduces Prince Felix de Salm; letter of 15 December 1862 introduces Peter D. Moore of Trenton.
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Letter introduces M. Alexis Godillot.
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Concerns cocoons of the Chinese silk worm requested by Newton.
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In French.
Physical Description1 folder
One undated letter concerning Mrs. Eda Middleton; one letter dated 2 March 1862 concerning Mr. James H. Scott.
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Concerns blanket contracts.
Physical Description1 folder
(concerning the purchase of arms)
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(introducing Prince Felix de Salm)
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(introducing Gustave Lehmann)
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(concerning a rumoured offer of command of U.S. Army to Garibaldi)
Physical Description1 folder
Letters marked unofficial and private or the equivalent dated from Trenton 22, 27, and 30 March 1861 (two copies of the last), and from Paris 3 December 1861; 9 and 23 July, 9 and 15 Deptember, and 25 November 1862; 16 November 1863; and 19 February 1864
Physical Description4 folders
Nos. 1-3 from Trenton, No. 4 from the Astor House, New York, and the following from Paris: Nos. 5-24, 26, 28-43, 45-72, 74-99, 113, 117, 131-146. There are both rough drafts and fair copies of Nos. 10, 11, 13, 21, 69, and 77. Two despatches are numbered 135.
Physical Description4 folders
1 folder
("A like note to the Consuls at Cairo & Jerusalem.")
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Written from Middletown Point 9 March 1831. Original
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See also Letters of Introduction.
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With note from Dayton to Adams.
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Signed by secretary Meara, Paris; 3 receipts for dues.
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Dated 12 November 1862, from Middleton Point.
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Dated [17, 18, &19 June.]
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Translation.
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Addressed from Camden, New Jersey, 8 October 1861; Camden, 19 October 1861; Liverpool, 20 November; U.S. Legation 1861 December 13 and 1861 December 19, 1862 March 10 and 1862 March 26, 1862 December 6 and 1862 December 12.
Physical Description1 folder
Enclosing sketch of Napoleon III
Physical Description1 folder
A quantity of translated letters.
Physical Description1 folder
Copy of letter from Everett's secretary to Thomas P. Smith, 1861 October 15; 1861 October 29, 1861 November 11, 1861 December 9 and 1861 December 23; 1862 January 5, 1862 February 19 and 1862 November 21; 1863 May 16
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Tanslations.
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Translation.
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Paris, three letters, undated, 14 March, 29 April, 2 and 23 June, and July 1864; London, 22 August 1864; Paris, 12 September and 7 October 1864, London, 31 October, London, 4 and 12 November 1864; undated, received 18 November 1864.
Physical Description1 folder
Two letters from Brussels, undated and 23 November [no year].
Physical Description1 folder
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Concerning check of M. H. Burr.
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Letters dated 19 and 28 March and 6 October 1861; 9 August and 11 December 1862; and 5 February and 26 September 1864, all of an official nature, together with a copy of a circular dated 27 April 1861 about the blockade of Virginia and North Carolina pots, extracts from dispatches 22 and 24, and a copy of No. 26
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Addressed 4 December 1861, London, 27 January and [Albany?], 3 July 1862, London.
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Copies in French.
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Incomplete letter, undated (possibly to Drouyn de Lhuys); translation, undated (requesting concessions for establishment of a South Atlantic telegraphic line); 3 April 1861; 27 August 1861; 16 October 1861 (translation, concerns medal given by U.S. to French captain who rescued shipwrecked crew of an American ship); 19 January 1862 (accepting invitaiton to dine with M. Weed, in French, name cutout); received 19 March 1862 (anti-American verses); 13 September 1862; 15 September 1862 (from Strasbourg); 6 October 1862 ("A true American"); 1 October 1863 (concerning the "Florida")
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(on back of letter from A. G. Riddle, 31 March 1862)
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(Possible reading of James N. Emmons, q.v.)
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(U.S. Legation at Bogota)
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(U.S. Legation at Madrid)
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Consists rimarily of official documents such as those concerning property of William Dayton, insurance policies, salaries, and passports.
Not arranged according to any arrangement scheme.
Physical Description2 boxes
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848 volumes, plus 19 miscellaneous.
Physical Description1 folder
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One dated 31 December 1861 on the furniching so the apartment at No. 17 rue Jean Goujon and on the horses, harness, and carriages, and the other dated 20 January 1863 on the same effects at No. 6 rue Circulaire
Physical Description1 folder
1 box
One in French and a partial translation in English in Almonte's hand for the apartment of General Almonte at No. 43 Avenue Montaigne dated 1 August 1861 and the cancelation of the agreement dated 1 September 1861 signed by Almonte and Dayton
Physical Description1 folder
Between Count Roederer and William Lewis Dayton dated 24 Septermber 1861, bearing also on reverse margin acknowledgement of Dayton's notice that we will vacate the apartment 15 October 1862, and other papers connected with the apartment
Physical Description1 folder
1 box
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Two copies, in French.
Physical Description1 folder
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With a note from John Bigelow to Mrs. Dayton.
Physical Description1 folder
Accompanying portrait of William Lewis Dayton by Mr. May and signed by 45 names.
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With a letter from A. Browning to James B. Dayton.
Physical Description1 folder
Containing the proceedings of the Supreme Court in regard to Dayton's death.
Physical Description1 folder
Two passports, one for Mr. Dayton "accompagné de sa suite" to travel in Belgium dated 26 April 1862 and signed by thte resident minister, H. S. Sanford, and the other for Mr. Dayton to travel inFrance dated 19 July 1864 and signed by himself.
Physical Description1 folder
Three documents concerning the Minister's salary.
Physical Description1 folder
Document accompanying medal from the Union League of Philadelphia dated 31 October 1863.
Physical Description1 folder
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3 folders
Consists primarily of correspondence of William Dayton Jr., 1842-1866, and the papers of Annie Lewis Dayton, 1883-1884.
Arranged alphatbetically by author.
Physical Description1 box
(see also folder 5)
Physical Description1 box
1 folder
With note by Braddock, original.
Physical Description1 folder
ALS from Dayton to Cist regarding Samuel and Henry Southard. Also included is an autograph signature of William Lewis Dayton.
Physical Description1 folder
Letterpress copy of the letter sent to Charles Green about the Alabama-Kearsage engagement enclosed, original.
Physical Description1 folder
Introducing Mrs. St. John Eckel, another form of the same.
Physical Description1 folder
Describing the naval engagement between the Navy ships "Alabama" and "Kearsage" of Cherbourg, which Dayton witnessed from the shore.
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Filed with other letters received by Mr. Dayton.
Physical Description1 folder
No. 20, 27 September 1882; audiences with King and Queen. No. 23, 13 October 1882; case of E. N. Ganz. No. 24, 16 October 1882; do. No. 26, 18 October 1882; do. No. 28, 1 November 1882; do. No. 67, 22 June 1883; annual June elections. No. 85, 23 November 1883; claims of U.S. citizens to supposed fortunes in Holland. No. 86, 8 December 1883; claim of Mssrs. F. Gorgozas Sons. No. 94, 12 February 1884; claims for undistributed estates in Holland. No. 101, 22 April 1884; politics in the Netherlands. No. 110, 23 June 1884; death of the Prince of Orange. No. 129, 10 October 1884; South African Republic and the proposed treaty. No. 132, 31 October 1884; proposed changes in constitution; budget for 1885; general politics. No. 153, 27 March 1885; proposed amendments in constitution. No. 157, 30 April 1885; letter of recall.
Physical Description1 folder
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Enclosing a letter of credit, Messrs. Hottinguer & Co., Paris.
Physical Description1 folder
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Addressed Cambridge, Massachusetts, 21 June 1862, and Trenton, New Jersey, 1864 June 4 and 1864 December 21.
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Introducing Arthur H. Palmer, professor in Western Reserve University.
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Enclosing duplicate letter of credit on Baring Brothers & Co. London.
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For the quarters ending 30 September and 31 December 1882, 31 March, 30 September, and 31 December 1883, 31 May, 30 June, and 30 September 1884, and 31 December 1885, from The Hague.
Physical Description1 folder
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(no signature; authorship deduced from internal evidence)
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Papers connected with his estate. Printed list of promotions, appointments, and casualities in the New Jersey Regiments in the service of the United States, since 1 June 1865, with his autograph: "F. V. Dayton/Surg. in Chief S. Dist. Miss." Printed list of the staff of the Southern District of Mississippi, with signature of Captain A. Schuyler Montgomery.
Physical Description1 folder
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Unsigned copy.
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On the back is a letter from Samuel D. Beach, New York.
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From Harrisonburg, Virginia, Valley of the Shenandoah. Pencilled letter recounting experiences in the field.
Physical Description1 folder
"I came from the Hospital yesterday- and think I am quite well again, and hope I will not be troubled with the Diarrhea at least until the end of the War."
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"The Rebs. are not in the best of spirits & deserting as rapidly as they can get away."
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(on the back is a note signed P. L. V.)
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A typed excerpt (carbon) from The Constitution and Government of the Province and State of New Jersey, with biographical sketches of the government from 1776 to 1845. And reminiscences of the bench and bar, during more than half a century. (Newark, N.J., 1872), pp. 189 and 372 ff.
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