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Schuylkill Navy records
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Held at: Independence Seaport Museum, J. Welles Henderson Archives and Library [Contact Us]Penn's Landing on the Delaware River, 211 South Columbus Blvd. and Walnut St., Philadelphia, PA, 19106
This is a finding aid. It is a description of archival material held at the Independence Seaport Museum, J. Welles Henderson Archives and Library. Unless otherwise noted, the materials described below are physically available in their reading room, and not digitally available through the web.
Overview and metadata sections
Amateur, competitive rowing has existed on the Schuylkill River in Philadelphia since the eighteenth century. The sport gained in popularity throughout the nineteenth century, particularly after 1822, when the construction of a dam across the river created a type of “pool” and, in turn, optimal rowing conditions.
The Schuylkill Navy of Philadelphia was founded in 1858. It is the oldest amateur athletic governing body in the United States. By charter, "[the Schuylkill Navy’s] object is to secure united action among the several Clubs and to promote amateurism on the Schuylkill River."
At its founding there were nine clubs and approximately 300 members. The member clubs of the Navy were all located along a stretch of the Schuylkill River, where it flows through Fairmount Park in Philadelphia. Most of the clubs being located on the historic Boathouse Row. Clubs represented at the founding included America, Camilla, Chebucto, Falcon, Independent, Keystone, Neptune, Pennsylvania, and University Barge Club. Current member clubs include Fairmount Rowing Association, Crescent Boat Club, Bachelors Barge Club, University Barge Club, Malta Boat Club, Vesper Boat Club, College Boat Club, Penn Athletic Club Rowing Association (Penn AC), Undine Barge Club, Philadelphia Girls' Rowing Club (PGRC), Gillin Boat Club and St. Joseph's University and St. Joseph's Prep. At least 23 other clubs have belonged to the Navy at various times.
The Schuylkill Navy and its member clubs still host many races. In 1953, the Navy convinced the Dad Vail Rowing Association to move its regatta to Philadelphia. It has remained since. The Dad Vail is possibly the largest collegiate regatta held and usually signifies the end of the spring rowing season for most collegiate teams. Other major regattas held each year include the Thomas Eakins Head of the Schuylkill Regatta (sponsored by the University Barge Club) and the Frostbite Regatta. The Navy also sponsors other athletic endeavors including a basketball league and an annual cross country race. The latter has been held since 1899, with only a few interruptions during World War II.
Bibliography
Schuylkill Navy of Philadelphia. The Schuylkill Navy of Philadelphia: Her History and Records. Philadelphia: Press of Security Bank Note Company, 1899.
Blackwall, Christopher. Flashing Oars Rowing on the Schuylkill, exhibition catalog. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Maritime Museum, 1985.
The Schuylkill Navy records documents the history of this rowing organization from 1859 to 2009. An organization dedicated to hosting rowing events for its member clubs and visiting teams, the collection houses the administrative records of the Schuylkill Navy and its member clubs, including the original founding members as well as clubs that joined the organization later; and records related to the planning and promotion of regattas. In addition, the collection includes an extensive assortment of newspaper clippings and photographs that highlight Schuylkill Navy rowing events and its influential members. The collection contains nine series: “Administrative Records,” “Regattas,” “Member Rowing Clubs,” “Publications,” “Scrapbooks and Clippings,” “Photographs,” “Non-Rowing records,” “Other Rowing Organizations,” and “Miscellaneous.”
Please refer to series scope and content notes for more information.
Gift of Mr. Joseph Sweeney, President of the Schuylkill Navy, April 25, 1985; and additional gift, 2010
The processing of this collection was made possible through generous funding from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, administered through the Council on Library and Information Resources’ “Cataloging Hidden Special Collections and Archives” Project.
This collection was minimally processed in 2009-2011, as part of an experimental project conducted under the auspices of the Philadelphia Area Consortium of Special Collections Libraries to help eliminate processing backlog in Philadelphia repositories. A minimally processed collection is one processed at a less intensive rate than traditionally thought necessary to make a collection ready for use by researchers. When citing sources from this collection, researchers are advised to defer to folder titles provided in the finding aid rather than those provided on the physical folder.
Employing processing strategies outlined in Mark Greene's and Dennis Meissner's 2005 article, More Product, Less Process: Revamping Traditional Processing Approaches to Deal With Late 20th-Century Collections, the project team tested the limits of minimal processing on collections of all types and ages, in 23 Philadelphia area repositories. A primary goal of the project, the team processed at an average rate of 2-3 hours per linear foot of records, a fraction of the time ordinarily reserved for the arrangement and description of collections. Among other time saving strategies, the project team did not extensively review the content of the collections, replace acidic folders or complete any preservation work.
Organization
- National Association of Amateur Oarsmen (U.S.).
- Schuylkill Navy of Philadelphia.
- United States Olympic Committee.
- United States Rowing Association.
Subject
- Publisher
- Independence Seaport Museum, J. Welles Henderson Archives and Library
- Finding Aid Author
- Finding aid prepared by Megan Good and Forrest Wright
- Sponsor
- The processing of this collection was made possible through generous funding from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, administered through the Council on Library and Information Resources’ “Cataloging Hidden Special Collections and Archives” Project.
- Access Restrictions
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This collection is open for research use.
- Use Restrictions
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Copyright restrictions may apply. Please contact the J. Welles Henderson Archives and Library with requests for copying and for authorization to publish, quote or reproduce the material.
Collection Inventory
The “Administrative records” series documents the planning, organizational and financial activities of the Schuylkill Navy from 1859 to 2009. Researchers will find the earliest records of Schuylkill Navy activity in this series, with meeting minutes and correspondence dating from the mid- nineteenth century. This series is divided into nine subseries: “Charter and by-Laws,” “Minutes,” “Financial records,” “Reports,” “Subject files,” “Correspondence,” “Events,” and the records of two recent Schuylkill Navy commodores, “Clete Graham” and “Joseph Sweeney.”
The first subseries, “Charter and by-Laws,” contains copies of the Schuylkill Navy’s original and revised charters, and by-laws. Also included are eligibility rules for rowing clubs interested in joining the Schuylkill Navy.
The second subseries, “Minutes,” contains meeting minutes from the organization’s earliest years, dating back to 1861. With the exception of a few gaps in years, the minutes date from 1861 to 1993.
The third subseries, “Financial records,” contains checkbooks, invoices and bank statements from 1934 to 1993. There are also several reports from Schuylkill Navy treasurers and accountants.
The fourth subseries, “Reports,” contains both internally produced reports and reports submitted to the Schuylkill Navy from outside organizations. The internally produced reports include several reports from Schuylkill Navy committees, Commodores, and Logkeepers. Reports submitted by outside organizations primarily deal with the condition and usability of the Schuylkill River.
The fifth subseries, “Subject files,” contains materials produced and collected by the Schuylkill Navy covering a range of topics. For example, there are biographies of Schuylkill Navy Commodores, several histories of the Schuylkill Navy, mileage totals for rowers, and safety rules for rowing on the Schuylkill River.
The sixth subseries, “Correspondence,” houses letters sent to and from the Schuylkill Navy from 1880 to 1992. The correspondence is arranged in two ways. The first group of correspondence is arranged alphabetically by the recipient's or sender’s name. The second group, all titled "general correspondence" or "miscellaneous correspondence" is arranged chronologically.
The seventh subseries, “Events,” contains materials related to non-rowing events hosted by the Schuylkill Navy. Some of these events include the Annual Schuylkill Navy dinner, the Schuylkill Navy Pageant and various award ceremonies.
The last two subseries house the records of two former Schuylkill Navy commodores. The subseries, “Clete Graham,” contains the administrative records of this former Schuylkill Navy Commodore. The subseries is arranged alphabetically by subject, and includes Graham’s correspondence, financial records, regatta information and planning records for the 150th Anniversary of the Schuylkill Navy. Graham’s records also include some records of his predecessors, and span the years 1900 to 2009. Finally, the ninth subseries, “Joseph Sweeney,” contains the administrative records of this former Schuylkill Navy Commodore. This subseries is arranged alphabetically by subject, and includes Sweeney’s correspondence, regatta information, and meeting material produced during his tenure with the Schuylkill Navy from 1969 to 2003.
In the “Regattas” series, researchers will find posters, programs, schedules, and results of regattas hosted by the Schuylkill Navy, dating from 1859 to 2008. The series also includes material from regattas in which Schuylkill Navy clubs participated. The series is divided into two subseries: “Hosted by the Schuylkill Navy,” and “Hosted by other Rowing Associations.”
The “Hosted by the Schuylkill Navy” subseries is arranged alphabetically by regatta title, and spans the years 1859 to 2008.The regattas most heavily represented in this subseries include People’s Regatta (renamed The Independence Day Regatta in the 1950s), Dad Vail Regatta, The Philadelphia Cup Challenge Regatta, Stotesbury Cup Regatta, and the Thomas Eakins Head of the Schuylkill Regatta. The Schuylkill Navy also hosted several regattas of national rowing organizations, including the Middle States Regatta Association, the National Association of Amateur Oarsmen, the Schoolboy Rowing Association, and the United States versus the USSR Regatta; all of which are documented in this subseries.
The “Regattas Hosted by other Rowing Associations” documents regattas held in locations other than the Schuylkill River, in which Schuylkill Navy member clubs competed. The subseries is arranged alphabetically by regatta title, and spans the years 1888 to 1993. There are papers regarding the following regattas, the Head of the Charles in Boston, Massachusetts; the American Henley Regatta (various locations); the Royal Canadian Henley Regatta in Ontario, Canada; the Eastern Association of Rowing Colleges Champions (various locations); and the Scholastic Rowing Association Championships (various locations). This subseries also includes material from the National Association of Amateur Oarsmen Championships, as well as the Middle States Regatta Association Championships, which were not hosted by the Schuylkill Navy. There are some materials related to regattas that took place on the Schuylkill River, but that were not hosted by the Schuylkill Navy.
The series “Member Rowing Clubs” contains a variety of documentation regarding the member clubs of the Schuylkill Navy. Materials include applications of membership, financial documents, histories, programs and rosters. The series is arranged alphabetically by name of the member club, and dates from 1854 to 1991. It is important to note that of the nine clubs that founded the Schuylkill Navy, six are represented in the series, documenting the beginning of the organization. Overall, the series represents thirty-one of the thirty-five member clubs that have operated under the auspices of the Schuylkill Navy from its birth in 1858 until 2010.
The series “Publications” contains rule books and yearbooks from the National Association of Amateur Oarsmen and the United States Rowing Association. It is arranged by type of book and then arranged chronologically by year. The series dates from 1934 to 1983.
The series “Scrapbooks and clippings” is divided into two subseries. The first subseries, “Scrapbooks,” is arranged alphabetically by the individual or owner of the book or by subject of the book, if the creator or owner was not identified. Regattas, races and rowing clubs are well represented within the subseries, as well as documentation of the evolution of rowing over one hundred years. There is also substantial coverage of the Schuylkill Navy and the New York Athletic Club. The subseries dates from 1874 to 1981. The subseries “Clippings” contains clippings from newspapers and magazines, and tearsheets. The subjects of clippings are identified in the folder title, however, there is no overall order. Researchers interested in a particular subject will have to review the entire folder list. Files are arranged chronologically by the earliest date represented therein.
The “Photographs” series contains photographs and negatives of various subjects relating to rowing. It is separated into five subseries.
The first subseries, “People,” is arranged alphabetically by last name of the person or people represented. Images of unidentified people are grouped at the end of the subseries. It ranges in date from the 1890s to 1991; however, the bulk of the photographs in the subseries are undated.
The second subseries, “Races and Regattas,” is arranged alphabetically by the name of the race, regatta or championship that is represented. Unidentified races and regattas are grouped at the end of the subseries. The dates range from before 1940 to 1947, with most of the images being undated.
The third subseries, “Teams and Clubs,” is arranged alphabetically by the name of the team or club. Many photographs include a description and roster of the members pictured. Some folders also contain negatives of the photographs. The bulk of the subseries represents rowing teams from American universities. Unidentified crews are grouped at the end of the subseries. The subseries ranges in date from the late 1800s to 1971.
The fourth subseries, “Events,” contains photographs from social events. It is arranged alphabetically. One folder is from the early 1900s while the others are undated.
The fifth subseries, “Miscellaneous,” consists of scenes from daily rowing life, including practices, boats and boathouses, and photographs of rowers traveling to Olympic Games. It is arranged alphabetically within the subseries. The bulk of the material is undated, with two folders dating from 1932 and 1965, respectively. It is important to note that while many photographs in the overall series are unidentified, many of these images would be easy to identify if given the time to research and cross-examine the images with photographs in the series “Scrapbooks and Newspaper Clippings.”
The series “Non-rowing Sports” is divided into two subseries: “Schuylkill Navy Basketball League” and “Schuylkill Navy Cross Country Run.”
The “Schuylkill Navy Basketball League” subseries consists primarily of programs, scorebooks, schedules, season summaries, reports, financial documents and correspondence regarding the Schuylkill Navy’s basketball league. There are also numerous lists of high scorers and team rosters. It is arranged chronologically and dates from 1932 to 1980. The subseries is unique in that it covers the entire record of the basketball league from its inception in the Schuylkill Navy until 1980.
The subseries “Schuylkill Navy Cross Country Run” contains programs, correspondence, financial documents and reports concerning the annual Thanksgiving Day run. There are numerous lists of entries, prizes, donations and final results. The material is arranged chronologically and ranges in date from 1913 to 1999. The subseries contains a wide representation of the history of the cross-country run.